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WorksheetsStems
Total questions: 76
Worksheet time: 41mins
Small openings in the bark that allow gases to enter the twig
bud scales
lenticels
bud scale scars
nodes
The bud at the tip of the twig.
terminal bud
lateral bud
vertical bud
horizontal bud
The area where a leaf is or was attached
(a)
What do you call the area between two nodes?
(a)
What is the name of the thick scale like coverings that protect buds?
(a)
A ring like scar that marks where this year's growth started.
lenticel
bud scale
terminal bud
bud scale scar
Buds that grow on the sides of a stem.
lateral buds
nodal buds
terminal buds
internodal buds
Identify structure A, the location where a leaf scar and a lateral bud can be found.
(a)
Identify structure B, the space between two lateral buds
(a)
Identify structure C.
lateral bud
node
terminal bud
bud scale scar
Identify structure D.
lateral bud
node
terminal bud
bud scale scar
Identify structure G.
lateral bud
node
lenticel
leaf scar
Identify structure F.
bud scale
bud scale scar
lenticel
leaf scar
New cork tissue is produced by the (a) cambium
New xylem and phloem are produced by the (a) cambium
Growth in length is called
lateral growth
secondary growth
primary growth
vertical growth
The spire like branching found in evergreen trees is caused by strong ___ buds.
terminal
lateral
hormonal
The spreading branching pattern found in oak trees is caused by strong ___ buds.
terminal
lateral
hormonal
The three tissues found in bark are
phloem, vascular cambium, and cork
cork, cortex, and phloem
vascular cambium, phloem, and cortex
cork, phloem, and xylem
Annual rings are composed of __ and are used to tell the __ of a tree.
phloem, age
xylem, size
xylem, age
wood, size
Growth in width is called
lateral growth
secondary growth
primary growth
vertical growth
Secondary growth in woody stems is produced by meristematic tissues called
cortex
vascular bundles
wood
cambiums
The dark inner xylem of a tree trunk that no longer transports sap
corkwood
sapwood
heartwood
darkwood
The light outer xylem of a tree trunk that still transports sap
corkwood
sapwood
heartwood
darkwood
Which characteristics describe a herbaceous stem?
hard, inflexible, exhibits secondary growth, lives multiple growing seasons
green, flexible, no secondary growth
green, flexible, exhibits secondary growth
woody, flexible, exhibits primary and secondary growth
Woody stems are important to man because directly and indirectly we derive our food from these plants.
True
False
In herbaceous stems, xylem and phloem are found in __ bundles.
vascular
lenticel
cambium
cortex
What is the typical arrangement of vascular tissue in a stem?
phloem toward the inside and xylem toward the outside
phloem and xylem are intermingled
phloem toward the outside and xylem toward the inside
Herbaceous stems exhibit secondary growth because they live multiple growing seasons.
True
False
The three MAIN layers of a young woody stem are
(check all that are correct)
cork, cambium, pith
bark, xylem, pith
cork, phloem, xylem
bark, wood, pith
Identify tissue #1 of the monocot cross section.
cortex
vascular bundle
rind
pith
Identify tissue #2 of the monocot cross section.
cortex
vascular bundle
rind
epidermis
Identify tissue #5 of the monocot cross section.
cortex
vascular bundle
rind
epidermis
Identify tissue D of the dicot cross section.
cortex
vascular bundle
pith
epidermis
vascular cambium
Identify tissue F of the dicot cross section.
phloem
xylem
pith
epidermis
vascular cambium
Identify tissue C of the dicot cross section.
phloem
xylem
pith
epidermis
vascular cambium
Identify tissue E of the dicot cross section.
phloem
xylem
pith
epidermis
vascular cambium
Identify tissue G of the dicot cross section.
phloem
xylem
pith
epidermis
vascular cambium
Movement toward or away from a stimulus is called a
(a)
Tropisms in plants are controlled by chemical messengers called
(a)
Vegetative propagation uses vegetative reproduction to produce plants.
True
False
Grafting involves
growing a new plant from a piece of a plant such as a leaf.
inducing the growth of adventitious roots by placing soil around a stem.
using a bud as a scion.
attaching the a scion from one plant to the stock of another.
The vegetative process of layering involves
growing a new plant from a piece of a plant such as a leaf.
inducing the growth of adventitious roots by placing soil around a stem.
using a bud as a scion.
attaching the a scion from one plant to the stock of another.
Budding involves
growing a new plant from a piece of a plant such as a leaf.
inducing the growth of adventitious roots by placing soil around a stem.
using a bud as a scion.
attaching the a scion from one plant to the stock of another.
Vegetative reproduction with cuttings involves
growing a new plant from a piece of a plant such as a leaf.
inducing the growth of adventitious roots by placing soil around a stem.
using a bud as a scion.
attaching the a scion from one plant to the stock of another.
What is a special stem?
a stem with an unusual function.
a stem that produces a unique part of a plant
a rare stem
a stem that does one of the functions to a higher degree.
A plant bending and growing toward the light is an example of a
negative chemotropism
negative geotropism
positive hydrotopism
positive phototropism
Plant roots growing down into the soil are an example of a
positive geotropism
negative geotropism
positive hydrotopism
negative chemotropism
The shoot system growing upward is an example of a
positive geotropism
negative geotropism
positive hydrotopism
negative phototropism
Which hormone promotes cell division and stimulates lateral bud growth?
auxins
gibberellins
cytokinins
abscisic acid
Which hormone is produced in the tips of stems, causing them to grow & bend toward the light?
auxins
gibberellins
cytokinins
abscisic acid
Which hormone stimulates stem elongation, flowering, and germination of seeds?
auxins
gibberellins
ethylene
abscisic acid
Which hormone signals plant tissues to remain dormant?
auxins
gibberellins
cytokinins
abscisic acid
Which hormone promotes fruit ripening and triggers leaf abscission?
auxins
ehtylene
cytokinins
abscisic acid
Vegetative reproduction is
(check all that apply)
sexual reproduction
growing a plant from a piece of a plant
tissue culturing
asexual reproduction
growing vegetables from seeds
Which of the following are functions of special stems?
(check all that apply)
food manufacturing and storage
protection
support
reproduction
Which of the following are special stems?
(check all that apply)
tendrils
thorns
tubers
bulbs
rhizomes
Tap roots are better at preventing topsoil erosion than fibrous roots.
True
False
Root hairs...
a. increase surface are for water absorption
b. are found in the maturation region
c. are found in the elongation region
both a. and b.
In the maturation region,
cells differentiate into different tissues
cell elongate
cells divide adding new cells for growth
The function of the root cap is to protect the meristematic region as the root pushes into the soil.
True
False
Woody roots experience primary growth, but not secondary growth.
True
False
Secondary roots are side roots that grow from the
epidermis
nodes of the root
central vascular cylinder
stem
Osmosis is
a) the diffusion of water molecules across a semi permeable membrane.
b) the movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
c) the movement of any liquid across a semi permeable membrane
both (a) and (b)
Water moves from the soil into the root hair cells because of
capillarity
transpiration pull
osmosis
Water moves through the tissue of the root to the xylem in the central vascular cylinder because of
capillarity
transpiration pull
osmosis
Water moves upward in the xylem of the roots because of the cohesive and adhesive forces of
capillarity
transpiration pull
osmosis
As water vapor exits the stomata of the leaves, water throughout the plant is drawn upward by the force called
capillarity
transpiration pull
osmosis
Which of the following are true of taproots?
(check all that apply)
commonly found in monocots
can grow deep to reach moisture
have smaller secondary roots
stores food
arise from the primary root of the embryo
Root systems contribute to soil maintenance by
(check all that apply)
preventing soil erosion
adding organic material
loosening compacted soil
Which of the following are true of diffusion?
(check all that apply)
Movement from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Mixing of one substance through another by random molecular collisions
Movement against the concentration gradient
Movement from an area of low concentration to high concentration
Identify tissue A
xylem
phloem
cortex
epidermis
Identify tissue B
xylem
cortex
phloem
epidermis
Identify tissue C
xylem
cortex
phloem
central vascular cylinder
Identify tissue D
xylem
cortex
phloem
central vascular cylinder
Identify tissue E
xylem
cortex
phloem
epidermis
