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Polarity of Water: Solubility

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The polar nature of water allows it to dissolve polar substances. Water ____________ because a weaker attraction exists between polar and nonpolar molecules.

a)

does not dissolve nonpolar substances

b)

dissolves all substances equally

c)

dissolves only ionic substances

d)

dissolves nonpolar substances better than polar ones

2.

Why do water molecules stick together?

a)

Because they have the same charges

b)

Because the opposite charges of the molecules attract one another

c)

Because they are heavy

d)

Because they are solid

3.

What is the force of attraction that forms between water molecules called?

a)

Hydrogen bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Covalent bonds

d)

Van der Waals forces

4.

The attraction between the oxygen of one water molecule and the hydrogen of a different water molecule forms a ________.

a)

hydrogen bond

b)

covalent bond

c)

ionic bond

d)

peptide bond

5.

A single water molecule can form up to how many hydrogen bonds with other water molecules at the same time?

a)

4

b)

2

c)

3

d)

5

6.

What does the dotted line between the water molecules represent?

a)

Covalent bond

b)

Ionic bond

c)

Hydrogen bond

d)

Metallic bond

7.

Life on Earth is dependent on which substance?

a)

Water

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

Nitrogen

8.

Fill in the blank: Water is ________.

a)

cohesive

b)

opaque

c)

flammable

d)

metallic

9.

Water is cohesive because:

a)

its molecules stick to each other.

b)

it evaporates quickly.

c)

it dissolves all substances.

d)

it is always cold.

10.

At a wide range of temperatures, the sticking together of water molecules makes water ________.

a)

liquid

b)

solid

c)

gas

d)

plasma

11.

What happens if the temperature gets too high for water?

a)

It boils and turns into steam.

b)

It freezes into ice.

c)

It becomes denser and sinks.

d)

It turns into a solid.

12.

Water ________ temperatures on Earth. (Fill in the blank with the correct word from the passage.)

a)

stabilizes

b)

destroys

c)

ignores

d)

multiplies

13.

Water is a very good "heat bank" because it can ________ a large amount of heat with only a slight change in its own temperature.

a)

absorb or release

b)

lose or gain

c)

increase or decrease

d)

evaporate or condense

14.

Life could not exist in bodies of water if there were drastic changes in ________.

a)

temperature

b)

color

c)

depth

d)

shape

15.

Large bodies of water ________ heat from the sun during the day, ________ landmasses.

a)

absorb, cooling

b)

reflect, warming

c)

release, heating

d)

block, freezing

16.

Large bodies of water ________ heat at night, ________ the landmasses.

a)

release, warming

b)

absorb, cooling

c)

reflect, heating

d)

lose, freezing

17.

Water is the solvent of life. Water is able to: ________ a wide variety of substances. (Fill in the blank with the correct word from the passage.)

a)

dissolve

b)

evaporate

c)

freeze

d)

condense

18.

What is cohesion?

a)

The attraction between molecules of the same substance.

b)

The attraction between molecules of different substances.

c)

The process of water evaporating.

d)

The process of water freezing.

19.

What is adhesion?

a)

The attraction between molecules of the same substance.

b)

The attraction between molecules of different substances.

c)

The process of water boiling.

d)

The process of water condensing.

20.

Fill in the blank: Water molecules stick to one another because of ________.

a)

cohesion

b)

adhesion

c)

diffusion

d)

osmosis

21.

Fill in the blank: When water sticks to other substances beside itself, it does so because of ________.

a)

adhesion

b)

cohesion

c)

evaporation

d)

condensation

22.

This image of water molecules best represents which property?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Evaporation

d)

Condensation

23.

The image of a water droplet best represents which of the following?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Evaporation

d)

Condensation

24.

What is a mixture?

a)

A substance composed of only one element

b)

A substance composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but are not chemically combined

c)

A substance that is chemically combined

d)

A pure substance

25.

Fill in the blank: The parts of a homogeneous mixture are ________ mixed.

a)

very evenly

b)

randomly

c)

barely

d)

unevenly

26.

Which of the following best describes a heterogeneous mixture?

a)

The parts of the mixture are very evenly mixed

b)

The parts of the mixture are unevenly mixed such as in oil mixed with water

c)

The mixture is a pure substance

d)

The mixture is chemically combined

27.

In a homogeneous mixture, the parts of the mixture are very evenly mixed.

a)

True

b)

False

28.

In a heterogeneous mixture, the parts of the mixture are unevenly mixed.

a)

True

b)

False

29.

A solution is a __________ mixture. The parts of the solution are evenly mixed.

a)

homogeneous

b)

heterogeneous

c)

colloidal

d)

suspension

30.

What is the solute in the example: Salt crystals will dissolve when placed in water?

a)

Salt

b)

Water

c)

Sugar

d)

Sand

31.

What is the solvent in the example: Salt crystals will dissolve when placed in water?

a)

Water

b)

Salt

c)

Sugar

d)

Alcohol

32.

Which of the following best describes a solute?

a)

A) The substance that does the dissolving

b)

B) The substance that is dissolved

c)

C) The mixture of both substances

33.

Which of the following best describes a solvent?

a)

The substance that does the dissolving

b)

The substance that is dissolved

c)

The mixture of both substances

34.

What is a suspension?

a)

A mixture of water and dissolved materials

b)

A mixture of water and undissolved materials

c)

A pure substance

d)

A type of gas

35.

Fill in the blank: Some materials do not dissolve in water, but separate into pieces so small that they do not ______ out. These small pieces remain undissolved and are 'suspended' in the solution.

a)

settle

b)

float

c)

evaporate

d)

sink

36.

Which of the following is an example of a suspension?

a)

Salt water

b)

Blood

c)

Sugar solution

d)

Air

37.

In a suspension, the small pieces remain undissolved and are suspended in the solution.

a)

True

b)

False

38.

What is the range of the pH scale?

a)

0 to 14

b)

1 to 10

c)

-5 to 5

d)

0 to 7

39.

A pH of 7 is a _______ solution. This is neither acidic nor basic. Pure water has a pH of 7.

a)

neutral

b)

acidic

c)

alkaline

d)

salty

40.

Solutions with a pH below 7 are considered _______.

a)

acidic

b)

basic

c)

neutral

d)

alkaline

41.

Solutions with a pH above 7 are considered _______.

a)

basic

b)

acidic

c)

neutral

d)

salty

42.

Which of the following substances is the most acidic according to the pH scale diagram?

a)

Soap

b)

Stomach acid

c)

Seawater

d)

Milk

43.

According to the pH scale diagram, which substance is closest to neutral?

a)

Lemon juice

b)

Pure water

c)

Tomato juice

d)

Ammonia solution

44.

Which of the following is considered basic according to the pH scale diagram?

a)

Acid rain

b)

Bleach

c)

Lemon juice

d)

Tomato juice

45.

What is an acid?

a)

Any compound that forms H+ ions in a solution.

b)

Any compound that forms OH- ions in a solution.

c)

Any compound that forms Na+ ions in a solution.

d)

Any compound that forms Cl- ions in a solution.

46.

Acidic solutions have a greater H+ ion concentration than pure water.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Acids have a pH of ________.

a)

below 7

b)

above 7

c)

exactly 7

d)

between 7 and 14

48.

Which of the following is NOT an example of an acid?

a)

Lemon juice

b)

Tomato juice

c)

Carbonated drinks

d)

Pure water

49.

Select all that are examples of acids:

a)

lemon juice, tomato juice, carbonated drinks, vinegar

b)

milk, water, olive oil, sugar

c)

baking soda, soap, bleach, ammonia

d)

salt, sand, iron, copper

50.

The image shows a lemon and a can of soda. Are these examples of acidic substances?

a)

True

b)

False

51.

What is a base?

a)

Any compound that forms H+ ions in a solution

b)

Any compound that forms OH- ions in a solution

c)

Any compound that forms Na+ ions in a solution

d)

Any compound that forms Cl- ions in a solution

52.

Basic solutions have a ______ H+ ion concentration than pure water.

a)

lower

b)

higher

c)

equal

d)

variable

53.

Bases have a pH of above _____

a)

7

b)

5

c)

3

d)

0

54.

Which of the following is an example of a base?

a)

Lemon juice

b)

Vinegar

c)

Ammonia

d)

Calumet

55.

Examples of bases include ammonia, soaps, bleach, and ______ bicarbonate.

a)

sodium

b)

calcium

c)

magnesium

d)

potassium

56.

What is the typical pH range for most human cells?

a)

2 to 4

b)

6 to 8

c)

8 to 10

d)

10 to 12

57.

If the pH gets too high or too low, what does it affect in cells?

a)

It affects the chemical reactions that take place within cells.

b)

It affects the cell membrane structure only.

c)

It only changes the color of the cell.

d)

It increases the number of cells.

58.

Cells must be able to control their _____

a)

pH

b)

temperature

c)

pressure

d)

volume

59.

Buffers are substances produced by cells that prevent sharp, sudden changes in _____

a)

pH

b)

temperature

c)

pressure

d)

volume

60.

Buffers help maintain a stable pH in cells by preventing sharp, sudden changes.

a)

True

b)

False

61.

Fill in the blank: ________ are compounds that contain carbon atoms bonded to other carbon atoms.

a)

Carbon compounds

b)

Ionic compounds

c)

Metallic compounds

d)

Acidic compounds

62.

What does the diagram at the bottom left represent?

a)

Water molecule

b)

Carbon dioxide molecule

c)

Carbon compound (showing carbon atoms bonded to other carbon atoms)

d)

Oxygen molecule

63.

Organic compounds ________

a)

are made primarily of carbon atoms.

b)

are always inorganic in nature.

c)

do not contain any hydrogen atoms.

d)

are composed only of metals.

64.

Inorganic compounds ________

a)

do not contain carbon atoms.

b)

are always found in living organisms.

c)

contain long chains of carbon atoms.

d)

are always organic in nature.

65.

A carbon atom has how many protons, neutrons, and electrons?

a)

6 protons, 6 neutrons, 6 electrons

b)

8 protons, 8 neutrons, 8 electrons

c)

12 protons, 6 neutrons, 6 electrons

d)

6 protons, 12 neutrons, 6 electrons

66.

Fill in the blank: Carbon forms strong and stable _______.

a)

bonds

b)

colors

c)

flavors

d)

sounds

67.

Fill in the blank: Carbon can form bonds with other _______ as well as a variety of other elements.

a)

carbon atoms

b)

hydrogen molecules

c)

oxygen ions

d)

nitrogen compounds

68.

Fill in the blank: Carbon can form bonds with other elements such as _______, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus.

a)

oxygen

b)

calcium

c)

aluminum

d)

helium

69.

Carbon can form chains that are almost unlimited in size.

a)

True

b)

False

70.

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT an element that carbon commonly bonds with?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Helium

71.

Fill in the blank: Carbon can form _______ or rings.

a)

chains

b)

squares

c)

pyramids

d)

grids

72.

Fill in the blank: In most organic compounds, clusters of atoms, called ________, influence the characteristics of the molecules they compose and the chemical reactions the molecules undergo.

a)

functional groups

b)

isotopes

c)

ions

d)

polymers

73.

Which functional group is commonly found in carbohydrates?

a)

Hydroxyl

b)

Amino

c)

Phosphate

d)

Carbonyl

74.

Fill in the blank: The structural formula for the amino group is ________.

a)

—NH2

b)

—COOH

c)

—OH

d)

—CH3

75.

Which class of compounds contains the carbonyl group (—CO) in the middle of the carbon chain?

a)

Alcohols

b)

Aldehydes

c)

Ketones

d)

Phosphates

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