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WorksheetsBone Basic Test Review
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 31mins
What two types of tissue make up your skeleton?
Cartilage & epithelium
Bone & cartilage
Bone & muscle
Muscle & cartilage
What is your skeleton primarily made of before it becomes bone?
Skeletal muscle
Fibrous tissue
Hyaline cartilage
Marrow
Does bone have a matrix? If so, what is it called?
No, bone lacks a matrix
Yes, called osteon
Yes, called osteoid
Yes, called periosteum
Yes, called marrow
How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?
200
206
216
270
Which of the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?
Skull
Vertebral column
Scapula
Ribs
Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
Humerus
Pelvis
Phalanges
Sternum
The bones that attach limbs to the trunk are part of the:
Appendicular skeleton
Axial skeleton
Sagittal skeleton
Cartilaginous skeleton
Which bone is part of the appendicular skeleton?
Mandible
Pelvis
Lumbar vertebrae
Sternum
Which type of bone is primarily found in the arms and legs and is longer than wide?
Short bone
Flat bone
Long bone
Irregular bone
Which type of bone is typically cube-shaped and found in areas like the wrist and ankle?
Flat bone
Irregular bone
Short bone
Sesamoid bone
Which type of bone includes examples like the ribs, sternum, and some skull bones, and provides protection for underlying structures?
Flat bone
Long bone
Short bone
Irregular bone
Which of the following is an example of an irregular bone?
Femur
Radius
Vertebrae
Sternum
Which type of bone is embedded within a tendon and improves the leverage of muscles?
Long bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Sesamoid bone
Which type of bone has a long diaphysis and two epiphyses?
Long bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone
All types of bones!
Which type of bone cell breaks down bone matrix during bone remodeling?
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Chondrocytes
Osteogenic cells are responsible for producing which of the following?
Osteoblasts
Chondrocytes
Adipocytes
Fibroblasts
Which bone cell type is buried within the bone matrix?
Osteoclast
Osteocyte
Osteoblast
Chondroblast
What role do osteoblasts play in bone development?
Break down bone
Reabsorb calcium
Building and forming new bone matrix
Forming new blood vessels
Where are osteoclasts located in the bone?
Only in spongy bone
Along the periosteum and endosteum
In the yellow marrow
In the epiphyseal plate
During bone remodeling, which two types of bone cells work together to renew and maintain bone tissue?
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
Osteocytes and osteoblasts
Osteoclasts and osteocytes
Osteogenic cells and osteoblasts
Which type of bone cell is considered a “mature” bone cell?
Osteogenic cells
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Chondrocytes
What structure forms around the cartilage model first as ossification begins?
Perichondrium
Periosteum
Medullary cavity
Epiphyseal plate
What is the final result of endochondral ossification?
Formation of new cartilage
Remodeling of bone
Transformation of cartilage to mature bone tissue
Formation of new blood vessels
Where is the secondary ossification center located in a long bone?
Diaphysis
Epiphyses
Periosteum
Medullary cavity
Which of the following is the final step in the fracture repair process?
Hard callus formation
Hematoma formation
Soft callus formation
Bone remodeling
What term refers to the cartilaginous tissue that forms around a broken bone in the first week of healing?
Hematoma
Perichondrium
Soft callus
Bone callus
Which cells are responsible for removing dead bone tissue during fracture repair?
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Chondrocytes
True or False: Blood vessels do not regrow in a bone after a fracture.
True
False
The medical term for setting broken bone ends back in alignment is called:
Reduction
Fracture
Dislocation
Subluxation
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Type of bone found in the epiphyses.
Spongy bone
Compact bone
Cartilage
Bone marrow
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Name literally means “inside-bone”.
Endosteum
Periosteum
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Type of bone that makes up the diaphysis and outside of the bone.
Compact bone
Spongy bone
Cartilage
Bone marrow
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Made of hyaline cartilage that ossifies and regrows repeatedly as you grow in height; ossify permanently between ages 18 and 25.
Epiphyseal plate
Diaphysis
Periosteum
Medullary cavity
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Hollow space inside the diaphysis.
Medullary cavity
Epiphysis
Periosteum
Compact bone
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Adipose tissue found within the medullary cavity.
Yellow marrow
Red marrow
Periosteum
Compact bone
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Shaft of the bone.
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Metaphysis
Periosteum
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Protects the ends of our bones from friction & shock as joints move and we put weight on them.
Articular cartilage
Periosteum
Medullary cavity
Epiphyseal plate
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Found inside the spongy bone tissue at the ends of our bones.
Red marrow
Yellow marrow
Periosteum
Compact bone
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. A connective tissue membrane that covers the outside of the bones.
Periosteum
Endosteum
Medullary Cavity
Epiphysis
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Full of bone-growing cells (osteoblasts) that allow our bones to grow in width.
Periosteum
Epiphysis
Diaphysis
Medullary Cavity
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. A connective tissue membrane that lines the medullary cavity.
Endosteum
Periosteum
Epiphysis
Diaphysis
Write the structure of a long bone that matches each description. You may use some structures more than once. Full of stem cells that produce red blood cells, some white blood cells, and platelets.
Red marrow
Yellow marrow
Periosteum
Compact bone
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. The bone doesn't break the skin.
Closed fracture
Open fracture
Greenstick fracture
Comminuted fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. A fracture that goes all the way through the bone.
Complete fracture
Incomplete fracture
Greenstick fracture
Comminuted fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. Tons of fragments of bone due to intense force.
Comminuted fracture
Greenstick fracture
Transverse fracture
Oblique fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. A fracture that doesn't break the whole way through a bone.
Incomplete fracture
Complete fracture
Compound fracture
Greenstick fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. Only in infants and toddlers.
Greenstick fracture
Comminuted fracture
Spiral fracture
Transverse fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. Occurs in a straight line across the bone.
Transverse fracture
Oblique fracture
Comminuted fracture
Greenstick fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. A fracture that breaks the skin.
Open fracture
Closed fracture
Greenstick fracture
Comminuted fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. A partial fracture that causes a bone to bend.
Buckle fracture
Greenstick fracture
Comminuted fracture
Transverse fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. When the bones are broken, but still aligned.
Non-displaced fracture
Displaced fracture
Comminuted fracture
Greenstick fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. When the bones are no longer aligned (needs to be set).
Displaced fracture
Greenstick fracture
Comminuted fracture
Simple fracture
Write the type of fracture that matches each description. You may use some fracture types more than once. A fracture that occurs at a diagonal across the bone.
Oblique fracture
Transverse fracture
Comminuted fracture
Greenstick fracture
Osteoblasts are located on the periosteum and epiphyseal plates because:
They are responsible for bone formation and growth.
They help in the breakdown of bone tissue.
They store minerals and fat.
They are involved in the immune response.
How are osteogenic cells, osteocytes, and osteoblasts related as far as the creation of each cell goes?
Osteogenic cells differentiate into osteoblasts, which then become osteocytes.
Osteocytes transform into osteoblasts, which then become osteogenic cells.
Osteoblasts are the precursors to osteogenic cells, which then become osteocytes.
Osteogenic cells and osteocytes are unrelated to osteoblasts.
Bone remodeling is necessary because:
It helps in the growth and development of bones.
It maintains the balance of calcium in the body.
It repairs micro-damages in the bone structure.
All of the above.
What are two reasons that bone remodeling is necessary at the end of fracture repair?
To restore the original shape and strength of the bone
To remove excess bone tissue
To increase bone density
To prevent future fractures
What are the 4 steps in fracture repair?
Hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling
Inflammation, proliferation, maturation, remodeling
Hematoma formation, inflammation, proliferation, maturation
Inflammation, hematoma formation, bone remodeling, bony callus formation
Match each bone or description to the type of bone it fits under.
Flat bone
Sternum, ribs
Short bone
Wrist and ankle bones
Irregular bone
Vertebrae
Long bone
Femur, finger bones, humerus
Sesamoid bone
Patella
