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WorksheetsAP Euro Topic 3 Review
Total questions: 111
Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins
(Parliament) Roundheads vs. Cavaliers (Royalists) (1642-1651), caused by Charles I being denied taxation powers and disregarding parliament
(a)
Period where parliament restored monarchy (Oliver Cromwell -> Charles II --> James II)
(a)
The overthrow of King James II of England for William and Mary who would sign the English Bill of Rights and limit monarchial power
(a)
Protestant English ruler who disregarded parliament and appointed Catholics to positions of govt, replaced with William and Mary
(a)
The city that became very rich using the concept of joint stock companies
(a)
Powerful Dutch trading company (with stock) that monopolized trade in the East Indies, controlling key ports and trade routes in Asia (1602-1799ish)
(a)
A monarch with complete power who often attempted to subdue the nobility and ruled by Divine Right
(a)
Known as the Sun King, built Versailles and used it to subdue nobility, absolute monarch
(a)
Economic advisor to Louis XIV that implemented mercantilist policies and tried to make France self-sufficient (maximize in-house-goods, limit imports)
(a)
Russian tsar who looked to modernize/westernize Russia
(a)
New capital city built by Peter the Great to represent westernized Russia and its Baltic sea port
(a)
Granted religious freedom to the Huguenots in France (1598) -> revoked by Louis XIV (1685): depleted middle class + many Huguenots fled
(a)
Russian nobles, forced to shave as a result of westernization
(a)
Family who controlled Spain and Austria prior to 1713
(a)
General who led Puritan attacks against Charles I
(a)
Person who said: I am the State
(a)
Ended the War of Spanish Succession (1713-1714)
(a)
Major European war caused by the lack of an heir to Charles II (not Stuart but Hapsburg) for Spain, also fear of France and Spain uniting (balance of power)
(a)
Country of the Hohenzollern family, would become a part of Germany
(a)
After King Charles I is beheaded, who becomes the dictator of England?
Oliver Cromwell
William & Mary
Charles I
Peter the Great
What was the result of the English Bill of Rights?
Parliament gains power
Parliament loses power
American Colonies gain independence
Tolerance is granted towards Catholics
A system of governing in which the monarch's power is limited by law
Glorious Revolution
Constitutional Monarchy
Communism
Republicanism
______________________: the idea that the monarch (king/queen) is God’s representative on earth
Divine Right
Absolutism
Traditionalism
Catholicism
True or False: Charles I believed he had divine right.
True
False
Which of the following definitions best describes the term Divine Right?
A king is subject to a constitution.
A king’s right to rule directly comes from the will of God.
Parliament and the King must share power.
A government is created and controlled by the citizens
What activities did Oliver Cromwell outlaw once he was in power?
Christmas
Sports
Theater
All answers listed
Before the Restoration, this parliamentarian took control with a "New Model Army"
After Oliver Cromwell, the Restoration restored the throne to this monarch...
Charles II
James II
Oliver II
Elizabeth II
All of the following contributed to the standard of living observed in the image except
the emergence of a commercial global market driven by consumer goods
an increased food supply resulting from new agricultural techniques and imported crops from the Americas
The dominance of the Dutch shipbuilding industry and new financial institutions
the persistence of traditional agricultural techniques in Eastern Europe
The Music Lesson is indicative of the Golden Age of Dutch Art, which often featured images of
the ancient world
royalty
saints
everyday life
The Dutch gained their independence after a revolt (that continued through the 30 Years War) from which Imperial Power
Brandenburg (Prussia)
France
Spain (and the Hapsburgs)
Russia
In Absolutism, authority comes from
Divine Right of Kings
the Parliament
land
wealth
The ultimate example of the absolute ruler
Louis XIV
James I
Henry VIII
Peter the Great
Louis XIV kept control of his Nobles by
moving his nobles to the Palace of Versailles
letting them govern their lands independently
giving them freedom to choose their own religion for their lands
making them pay high taxes
The finance minister that balanced the French budget, drafted plans to boost manufacturing and keep jobs and purchasing domestically
Jean Baptiste Colbert
Cardinal Richelieu
Louis XIV
Robespierre
All of the following were ways that Peter the Great tried to westernize Russia except
building Moscow as the new capitol.
Building St, Petersburg as the new capitol
adopting Western clothing and hairstyles
Expanding the Russian Empire to get a warm water port to trade with the West.
The English Bill of Rights did all of the following except
restricted free speech against the king
eliminated cruel and unusual punishment
limited the monarch's power
established free elections for parliament
The War of Spanish Succession was fought because
European leaders feared Louis XIV would consolidate the thrones of France and Spain
The Spanish feared losing their autonomy
The Spanish throne was left to a female heir
The Huguenots were poised to takeover Spain.
What did Peter the Great see as crucial to making Russia a great power?
giving women a larger role in government
adopting a Western style of dress and etiquette
using Western technology to modernize the army
forming military alliances with powerful nations
In the 18th century, the principle economic activity of the Netherlands was
banking and maritime commerce
tulip cultivation
timber production and export
agricultural production
Mercantilism was principally characterized by
government efforts to build a strong, self-sufficient economy
the efforts of the merchant class to influence policy by subsidizing the government
the efforts of bankers and exporters to establish free trade
the view that labor ought to be able to seek its own market
What is a surplus?
Having more of something than you can use
Having less of something than you can use
Having just enough to survive
This is a made up word
True or False: The enclosure movement forced many people to abandon the countryside and small villages
True
False
What is the most likely effect of a surplus of food because of the agricultural revolution?
Food being spoiled
Creation of new economic market
Immediate issues with obseity
The price of new technology skyrockets
True or False: The domestic system took work out of the home and into a building meant strictly for creating goods.
True
False
The passage most clearly shows the influence of which of the following trends in 17th & 18th century England?
Agricultural land was controlled by the landed gentry and nobility through legislation passed in Parliament
Control of agricultural lands was maintained by small independent farmers and tenants.
Enclosure of lands was accomplished by the landed gentry despite efforts by Parliament to protect the rights of landless peasants.
Enclosure of lands encouraged industrial workers in cities to abandon factories and move back to rural areas.
By the mid-18th century, developments in agriculture reflected in the passage led to which of the following trends in England?
Weakening influence of the landed gentry on the policies passed by Parliament.
Commercialization of agriculture, which benefited large landholders at the expense of the peasant class.
Unification of the middle class in support of the expansion of political rights for the working class.
Strengthening of the class of free commoners who owned small plots of land
Term used to describe the 18th century rural industry:
Mestizos
Cottage industry or the "Putting Out" system
Open-field system
Laissez-faire
The period from the mid-seventeenth century on in Europe during which great agricultural progress was made and the fallow system was gradually eliminated.
Agricultural Revolution
Proletarianization
Crop rotation
Mercantilism
Which of the following is a characteristic of late 17th & 18th century economic change?
Decreased world trade
The decline of the cottage system of textile production
The creation of more common lands and open fields for production
The increase in both population and food supply
The English enclosure movement ultimately resulted in:
More land for a greater number of farmers
Fewer opportunities for the well-off tenant farmers
The concentration of landowning in the hands of a tiny minority
Opportunity for the landless laborer to purchase small farms
The mercantilist attitude toward the role of state was that:
The government should regulate the economy for the state's benefit
Governmental power should be increase at the expense of private profit
Using governmental economic power to help private interests in unethical
The economy should be left to operate according to its natural laws
What does the English Civil War refer to?
A conflict between the monarchy and the church
A series of civil wars and political machinations between Royalists and Parliamentarians
A war between England and Scotland
A rebellion against the divine right of kings
What was James I's greatest problem during his reign?
His marriage to a Catholic princess
His support for the Anglican Book of Common Prayer
His absolutist belief that a monarch has a divine right to his authority
His heavy-handed policies on church organization
What was the English civil war a conflict between?
The king and the church
The king and foreign powers
The king and the Parliament
Different factions within the Parliament
What significant change occurred with the execution of Charles I?
The monarchy was strengthened
Kingship was abolished
The Protectorate was established
The Restoration began
Who assumed power after the collapse of the Protectorate?
Oliver Cromwell
Charles II
The Rump Parliament
James
What was the Restoration of 1660?
The return of the monarchy with Charles II as king
The re-establishment of the Commonwealth
The reinstatement of the Rump Parliament
The beginning of Oliver Cromwell's rule
What happened after Charles II died?
His Catholic brother James became king and anti-Catholic fears increased
The monarchy was abolished once again
Oliver Cromwell returned to power
England became a republic
Who did Parliament offer the English throne to after resisting James II's ambitions?
James II's Protestant Daughter Mary and her Dutch husband, Prince William of Orange
A coalition of eminent persons in Parliament
The leader of the Church of England
A foreign dignitary with no relation to James II
What did the English Bill of Rights establish in 1689?
Absolute monarchy
Parliamentary sovereignty by limiting the monarch's powers
The monarch's unlimited control over Parliament
The Church of England's authority over the monarchy
Which revolution is noted as a major turning point that helped lead to the Industrial Revolution?
The Glorious Revolution
The French Revolution
The Agricultural Revolution
The American Revolution
Where does the Agricultural Revolution have its origins?
France and Spain
Britain and the Low Countries (The Netherlands)
Germany and Italy
The United States and Canada
What was the result of the enclosure movement?
The division of large landholdings into smaller units
The consolidation of small fields into larger landholdings
The establishment of the open-field system
The reduction of agricultural production
What did Jethro Tull contribute to during the 18th century?
He invented the steam engine.
He helped bring about the Agricultural Revolution.
He established the putting-out system.
He introduced mercantilist theory.
What was the main production system in Western Europe during the 17th and first half of the 18th century?
Factory system
Feudal system
Putting-out system or cottage industry
Industrial Revolution
What was the typical activity of cottage workers in the putting-out system?
Building agricultural machinery
Producing knitwear
Mining coal
Trading with overseas colonies
What term do historians use to describe the time period of the putting-out system?
Industrialization
Proto-industrialization
Mercantilism
Agricultural Revolution
What theory matched the practice of Europe's overseas expansion during the seventeenth century?
Feudalism
Capitalism
Mercantilist theory
Socialism
What is the Dutch Golden Age a name for?
The period of economic decline in the Netherlands
The era of artistic development in the Netherlands
The period in the history of the Netherlands from 1588 to 1672
The time when the Netherlands was under Spanish control
What was confirmed in the 1648 Peace of Westphalia?
The establishment of the Dutch Republic
The start of the Dutch Golden Age
The independence of the Netherlands from Spain
The formation of the Dutch East India Company
What did the Dutch East India Company, known by its Dutch initials VOC, resemble?
A military alliance
A cultural institution
A modern corporation
A religious organization
How did King Gustavus Adolphus contribute to European developments in the 17th century?
By promoting cultural exchanges
By contributing to the outbreak of a military revolution
By establishing the Dutch Golden Age
By signing the Peace of Westphalia
What was the significant outcome of the Battle of Vienna in 1683?
It marked the beginning of the Ottoman Empire's expansion into Eastern Europe.
It resulted in the Ottomans losing control of the rest of Hungary.
It led to the establishment of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna.
It initiated a period of peace between the Ottomans and the European powers.
How did the Fronde affect Louis XIV's governance?
He relinquished some of his power to the Parlements.
He intensified his absolutism for the rest of his reign.
He decentralized the government to prevent further uprisings.
He abolished the position of chief minister.
How did Louis XIV of France strengthen his control over the French Catholic Church?
By leading military campaigns against the Church
By appointing his own bishops
By writing religious texts
By closing all churches in France
What was the role of Cardinal Mazarin in France during Louis XIV's early years?
He was the military leader
He was the head of the church
He ruled France as a regent
He was the finance minister
What was the significance of the palace of Versailles during the reign of Louis XIV?
It was a symbol of the king's divine right to rule
It was a military fortress
It was a place for commoners to meet the king
It was a public museum
What did Louis XIV require from the great nobles in relation to the palace of Versailles?
To contribute to its construction
To spend at least part of the year in attendance on him there
To live there permanently
To maintain the palace gardens
During Louis XIV's reign, how did he keep France engaged internationally?
By establishing trade agreements
By hosting international summits
By engaging in a series of wars
By promoting cultural exchanges
What did the Peace of Utrecht establish regarding the Spanish and French crowns?
That the Spanish and French crowns would be united
That Louis XIV's grandson would renounce his claim to the French throne
That Louis XIV's grandson could remain king of Spain on the condition that the crowns would never be united
That the French crown would have dominion over Spain
Who was recognized as a financial genius serving Louis XIV?
Philip V of Spain
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Charles II of Spain
The Duke of Anjou
What was Colbert's central principle regarding the wealth and economy of France?
That wealth should be distributed equally among the citizens.
That wealth and the economy of France should serve the state.
That the economy should be based solely on agriculture.
That foreign trade should be limited to luxury goods only.
How did Frederick William I of Prussia expand his territory?
By negotiating trade agreements with neighboring countries.
By creating a large and powerful navy.
By creating a large and powerful army financed by taxation.
By establishing a strong democratic government.
What was the size of Prussia's army by 1740?
38,000 soldiers
83,000 soldiers
50,000 soldiers
100,000 soldiers
What significant political influence was exercised by the nobility in seventeenth-century Poland?
The ability to declare war without the king's consent.
The ability of the nobles to limit the power of the king.
The ability to control the national economy.
The ability to establish a centralized government.
What was the effect of the nobility's political influence on Poland?
It strengthened the monarchy.
It led to economic prosperity.
It weakened Poland as a whole.
It created a powerful government bureaucracy.
What happened in Poland in 1768?
A great economic boom occurred.
The Commonwealth of Poland expanded its territories.
A civil war broke out.
Poland became a dominant European power.
What marked the beginning of a change in the balance of power in Europe related to Poland?
The election of a new Polish king
The first partition of Poland
The signing of a peace treaty
The establishment of a new government
What was the result of the partitions of Poland between 1772 and 1795?
Poland became a stronger nation
Poland was divided among neighboring countries
Poland expanded its territory
Poland's economy flourished
What did Peter the Great aim to achieve by traveling to Europe with the Grand Embassy in 1697?
To form alliances with Western European countries
To learn about Western European military strategies
To see firsthand the advancements of Western European countries
To establish trade agreements with Western European countries
Which of the following was NOT a method used by Peter the Great to westernize Russia?
Promoting science and technology
Instituting the Table of Ranks
Forcing the nobility to adopt western style values
Reducing taxes for modernization and warfare
What was the purpose of founding the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences by Peter the Great?
To promote religious studies
To enhance scientific and technological development
To train military officers
To increase trade with Western Europe
Who abolished the patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church and established the Holy Synod?
Catherine II
Peter the Great
Montesquieu
Rousseau
What was one of Catherine's first tasks when she came into power?
Expanding the territory of Russia
Replenishing the state treasury
Reorganizing the Russian Orthodox Church
Reading the works of liberal philosophers
How did Catherine the Great become known as an "enlightened despot"?
By seizing property from the clergy
By placing a former lover on the throne of Poland
By reading and becoming a disciple of English and French liberal philosophers
By reorganizing 29 provinces under her administrative reform plan
What significant territorial achievement did Catherine the Great accomplish by the end of her reign?
She added more than 200,000 square miles to Russia's territory
She doubled the size of Russia
She took control of the entire Ottoman Empire
She annexed half of Poland
Jethro Tull invented what device that was used to save time and effort in planting seeds?
Seed planter
Seed drill
Seed spreader
Seed combine
