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Unit 4 Geosphere

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

_______ rock are formed when magma or lava cools.

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Robotic

2.

How do metamorphic rocks form?

a)

Heat and pressure

b)

Compaction and cementation

c)

cooling of magma

d)

scissors & glue

3.

A rock formed from the compaction and cementation of rock fragments

a)

Metamorphic rock

b)

Igneous rock

c)

Sedimentary rock

d)

Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson

4.
The most dense layer of the Earth is the
a)
Inner Core
b)
Outer Core
c)
Lower Mantle
d)
Upper Mantle
5.
The thinnest layer of Earth is the 
a)
Inner Core
b)
Mantle
c)
Crust
d)
Outer Core
6.
The crust is also know as the 
a)
Lithosphere
b)
Asthenosphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Mantle
7.

Earth's crust is part of which sphere

a)

geosphere

b)

hydrosphere

c)

atmosphere

d)

biosphere

8.

Label the compositional layers of Earth.

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
9.
Which layer of Earth is characterized by rock that is plastic, or soft enough to flow?
a)
asthenosphere
b)
crust
c)
lithosphere
d)
inner core
10.
Pressure ______________________ as you go deeper into the Earth
a)
increases
b)
decreases 
c)
goes up or down depending on the layer
d)
stays the same
11.

What are minerals primarily made up of?

a)

Cells

b)

Atoms of a single element or compounds

c)

Molecules of carbon

d)

Water molecules

12.

How are the atoms in minerals arranged?

a)

In a disordered structure

b)

Randomly without any specific pattern

c)

In regular, repeating geometric patterns

d)

In a linear sequence

13.

What determines the physical properties of minerals?

a)

The color and size of the mineral

b)

The arrangement of atoms and the strength of chemical bonds between them

c)

The location where the mineral is found

d)

The age of the mineral

14.

Which of the following are considered minerals as per the definition of native elements?

a)

Gold, silver, and copper

b)

Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen

c)

Iron, zinc, and lead

d)

Hydrogen, helium, and neon

15.
Which mineral property is being shown here?
a)
luster
b)
hardness
c)
cleavage
d)
streak
16.
How well a mineral reflects light is:
a)
streak
b)
cleavage
c)
luster
d)
metallic
17.
__________________ is the tendency of a mineral to break along curved or irregular surfaces.
a)
Cleavage
b)
Fracture
18.
_________________ is the tendency of a mineral to break along a flat surface.
a)
Cleavage
b)
Fracture
19.

Minerals that are mined from the Earth are considered _________.

a)

renewable resources

b)

non-renewable resources

20.

open pit used to mine materials near the surface

a)

reclaimation

b)

quarry

c)

subsidence

d)

smelting

21.
What is the movement of soil from one place to another?
a)
weathering
b)
deposition
c)
discharge
d)
erosion
22.
Soil formation begins with the weathering of_______.
a)
Humus
b)
Subsoil
c)
Litter
d)
Rock
23.

The breaking down of rocks is called ______________.

a)

Texture

b)

Decomposing

c)

Weathering

d)

Rock and Minerals

24.

A mixture of pieces of rock, decomposing plants and animals is called _____________.

a)

Decomposing

b)

Soil

c)

Rock

d)

Mound

25.

What are soils made from? Choose all the correct answers.

a)

minerals from rocks

b)

water

c)

air

d)

organic content

e)

magma

26.
Layers of soil are also known as:
a)
Soil Profiles
b)
Soil Horizons
c)
Soil sheets
d)
Soil cores
27.

Which layer is the parent material?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

28.

Which layer is the subsoil?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

29.

Which layer is the topsoil?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

30.
What is a vertical cross section of the soil?
a)
soil erosion
b)
soil profile
c)
soil structure
d)
soil texture
31.
Soil sample that is 60% clay, 30% silt, and 10% sand has which texture? 
a)
clay
b)
clay loam
c)
sandy loam
d)
silt 
32.
This is determined by the relative proportions of particle sizes that make up the soil. Names for this include, loam, sandy clay, or other descriptive terms.
a)
Soil Permeability
b)
Soil pH
c)
Soil Profile
d)
Soil Texture
33.
Which of the following orders sediment particle size from smallest to largest?
a)
silt, sand, clay
b)
sand, silt, clay
c)
clay, sand, silt
d)
clay, silt, sand
34.

When wind, water, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one place to another.

a)

Soil Conservation

b)

Desertification

c)

Erosion

d)

Salinization

35.

What soil conservation techniques can be used in steep areas or areas with hills? (Check ALL that apply.)

a)

Contour Planting

b)

Cover Crops

c)

Crop Rotation

d)

No-Till Farming

e)

Terraces

36.

In what soil conservation technique might a farmer plant corn one year and soybeans the next to replenish the soil with nitrogen?

a)

Contour Planting

b)

Cover Crops

c)

Crop Rotation

d)

No-Till Farming

e)

Terraces

37.

In what soil conservation technique do the roots from the prior years crop help to hold the soil in place and prevent erosion?

a)

Contour Planting

b)

Cover Crops

c)

Crop Rotation

d)

No-Till Farming

e)

Terraces

38.

Which soil conservation technique is used on steep hills?

a)

Contour Planting

b)

Cover Crops

c)

Crop Rotation

d)

No-Till Farming

e)

Terraces

39.

What soil conservation technique is pictured?

a)

Contour Plowing

b)

Cover Crops

c)

Crop Rotation

d)

No-Till Farming

e)

Terraces

40.

What is wind-breaking?

a)

Windbreakers are crops grown for the protection and enrichment of the soil.

b)

Wind breaking is a method of planting and planting and harvesting where stalks and other residue from the previous year are left on the ground into the next season.

c)

Windbreaks are linear planting of trees and shrubs designed to enhance crop production, protect people and livestock, and benefit soil and water conservation.

d)

Wind breaking is planting rows of trees at wide spacings with a companion crop grown in the alleyways between the rows.

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