Free Printable AP Bio Unit 2

1.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that is associated with defects in the CFTR protein found in the membrane. Which organelle synthesized the protein?

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

Rough ER

c)

Smooth ER

d)

Lysosome

2.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that is associated with defects in the CFTR protein found in the membrane. After being synthesized, where does it go to be modified, packaged, and sorted?

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

Rough ER

c)

Smooth ER

d)

Lysosome

3.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of cells. How can you determine these are eukaryotic cells?

a)

They have ribosomes

b)

They have membrane bound organelles

c)

They have DNA

d)

They have a plasma membrane

4.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of Cell X.

a)

Detoxification

b)

Secretion of Proteins

c)

Motility

d)

Storage

5.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of Cell Y.

a)

Detoxification

b)

Secretion of Proteins

c)

Motility

d)

Storage

6.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of Cell Z.

a)

Detoxification

b)

Secretion of Proteins

c)

Motility

d)

Storage

7.

How does the location of the ribosome affect the type of protein product?

a)

Free ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins, while bound ribosomes synthesize membrane proteins

b)

Free ribosomes synthesize membrane proteins, while bound ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins

c)

Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for the mitochondria, while bound ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins

d)

Free ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins, while bound ribosomes synthesize proteins for the mitochondria

8.

Where is the mRNA (used for synthesis of proteins) made?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Rough ER

d)

Smooth ER

9.

What organelle is responsible for storing calcium?

a)

Lysosome

b)

Smooth ER

c)

Rough ER

d)

Golgi Bodies

10.

Tay Sachs results from a build-up of fats due to an error in which organelle that is responsible for digesting macromolecules?

a)

Rough ER

b)

Smooth ER

c)

Lysosome

d)

Golgi Bodies

11.

The sodium-potassium (Na+/K+) pump functions like an anti-porter transporting Na+ and K+ across membranes using ATP. This protein spans the membrane with intracellular and extracellular domains. It has a binding site for Na+, K+, and ATP. An experiment was conducted to determine the locations of these binding sites. Artificial cells were created and incubated in buffers containing ATP, ouabain (or oubain), Na+, and K+ in varying combinations inside and outside of the cell as indicated in the chart. The transport of Na+ and K+ was measured to determine activity of the Na+/K+ pump. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data?

a)

Ouabain does not disrupt ATP binding to the Na+/K+ pump.

b)

ATP is required for transport of Na+ and not for transport of K+.

c)

The ATP binding site of the Na+/K+ pump is located on the intracellular domain of the pump.

d)

The ATP binding site of the Na+/K+ pump is located on the extracellular domain of the pump.

12.

Paramecia are unicellular protists that have contractile vacuoles to remove excess intracellular water. In an experimental investigation, Paramecia were placed in salt solutions of increasing osmolarity. The rate at which a Paramecium's contractile vacuole contracted to pump out excess water was determined and plotted against osmolarity of the solutions, as shown in the graph. Which of the following is the correct explanation for the data?

a)

At higher osmolarity, lower rates of contraction are required because more salt diffuses into the Paramecium.

b)

In an isosmotic salt solution, there is no diffusion of water into or out of the Paramecium, so the contraction rate is zero.

c)

The contraction rate increases as the osmolarity decreases because the amount of water entering the Paramecium by osmosis increases.

d)

The contractile vacuole is less efficient in solutions of high osmolarity because of the reduced amount of ATP produced from cellular respiration.

13.

An experiment was set up to determine the movement of molecules through a dialysis-tubing bag into water. A dialysis-tubing bag containing 5% lactose and 5% fructose was placed in a beaker of distilled water, as illustrated. After four hours, fructose is detected in the distilled water outside of the dialysis-tubing bag, but lactose is not. What conclusions can be made about the movement of molecules in this experiment?

a)

Fructose, being a monosaccharide, diffused through the dialysis bag into the distilled water. However, lactose, being a disaccharide, could not diffuse through the dialysis bag.

b)

Fructose was homogenized by lactose, allowing the fructose to diffuse through the dialysis bag and into the distilled water. Lactose is not homogenized, so it could not pass through the dialysis bag.

c)

Fructose and lactose are oppositely charged and separated out due to the force of repulsion.

d)

Fructose diffused because of the pore specificity of the semipermeable membrane, not because of its concentration gradient.

14.

Which plasma membrane component can be either found on its surface or embedded in the membrane structure?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

cholesterol

c)

glycolipid

d)

protein

15.

In addition to a plasma membrane, a eukaryotic cell has organelles, such as mitochondria, that also have membranes. In which way would these membranes differ?

a)

The proportion of phosphate within the phospholipids will vary.

b)

Only certain membranes contain phospholipids.

c)

Only certain membranes are selectively permeable.

d)

The proportions of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates will vary.

16.

Which characteristic of a phospholipid, shown here, increases the fluidity of the membrane?

a)

cholesterol

b)

its head

c)

saturated fatty acid tail

d)

double bonds in the fatty acid tail

17.

How would an organism maintain membrane fluidity in an environment where temperatures fluctuated from very high to very low?

a)

Greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids in membranes.

b)

Greater proportion of saturated phospholipids in membranes.

c)

Greater proportion of carbohydrates in membranes.

d)

Greater proportion of proteins in membranes.

18.

According to the fluid mosaic model of the plasma cell membrane, what is the location of carbohydrates in the cell membranes?

a)

Carbohydrates are in contact with the aqueous fluid both inside and outside the cell.

b)

Carbohydrates are present only on the interior surface of a membrane.

c)

Carbohydrates are present only on the exterior surface of a membrane.

d)

Carbohydates span only the interior of a membrane.

19.

Identify the principal driving movement in diffusion, such as depicted here.

a)

concentration gradient

b)

membrane surface area

c)

particle size

d)

temperature

20.

Which of the following is an example of passive transport across a membrane?

a)

the movement of H+ into a thylakoid disc during photosynthesis

b)

the uptake of glucose in the intestine

c)

the uptake of mineral ions into root hair cells of plants

d)

the movement of water from the descending loop of a nephron into the interstitium

21.

Water moves via osmosis across plasma cell membranes in which direction?

a)

from an area with a high concentration of other solutes to a lower one

b)

from an area with a high concentration of water to one of lower concentration

c)

from an area with a low concentration of water to one of higher concentration.

d)

throughout the cytoplasm

22.

What problem is faced by organisms that live in fresh water?

a)

They will have higher concentrations of body solutes.

b)

Without compensating mechanisms, their bodies tend to take in too much water.

c)

They have no way of controlling their tonicity.

d)

Their bodies tend to lose too much water to their environment.

23.

Why must active transport of molecules across plasma membranes function continuously?

a)

Diffusion cannot occur in certain cells.

b)

Diffusion is constantly moving solutes in opposite directions.

c)

Facilitated diffusion works in the same direction as active transport.

d)

Not all membranes are amphiphilic.

24.

How does the sodium-potassium pump make the interior of the cell negatively charged?

a)

by expelling anions

b)

by pulling in anions

c)

by expelling more cations than it takes in

d)

by taking in and expelling an equal number of cations

25.

What happens to the membrane of a vesicle after exocytosis?

a)

It leaves the cell.

b)

It is disassembled by the cell.

c)

It fuses with and becomes part of the plasma membrane.

d)

It is used again in another exocytosis event.

26.

Why do phospholipids tend to spontaneously orient themselves into something resembling a membrane such as the lipid-bilayer sphere, single-layer lipid sphere, and lipid-bilayer sheet?

a)

Phospholipids are amphipathic (having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts) molecules. The polar head faces towards water and the nonpolar fatty acid tails face towards other fatty acid tails.

b)

Phospholipids are lipophilic molecules. The polar head faces towards water and the nonpolar fatty acid tails face towards other fatty acid tails (lipophillic = tending to combine with or dissolve in lipids or fats)

c)

Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules. The nonpolar head faces towards other fatty acid tails and the polar fatty acid tails face towards water.

d)

Phospholipids are hydrophilic molecules. The polar head faces towards water and the nonpolar fatty acid tails face towards other fatty acid tails.

27.

The fluid mosaic model described the plasma membrane, seen here, as a mosaic of components. Why is it advantageous for the plasma membrane to be fluid in nature?

a)

Fluidity allows greater flexibility to the cell and motion of membrane components required for transport.

b)

Fluidity helps only in transport of some materials, and does not contribute to the flexibility.

c)

Fluidity helps in maintaining the pH of intracellular fluid, and helps in maintaining the physiological pH of the cell.

d)

Fluidity helps in providing mechanical strength to the plasma membrane.

28.

Which explanation identifies how the following affect the rate of diffusion: molecular size, temperature, solution density, and the distance that must be traveled?

a)

Larger molecules move faster than lighter molecules. Temperature affects the molecular movement. Density is directly proportional to the molecular movement. Greater distance slows the diffusion.

b)

Larger molecules move slower than lighter molecules. Increasing or decreasing temperature increases or decreases the energy in the medium, affecting molecular movement. Density is inversely proportional to molecular movement. Greater distance slows the diffusion.

c)

Larger molecules move slower than lighter molecules. Temperature does not affect the rate of diffusion. Density is inversely proportional to molecular movement. Greater distance speeds up the diffusion.

d)

Larger molecules move slower than lighter molecules. Increasing or decreasing temperature increases or decreases the energy in the medium, affecting molecular movement. Density is inversely proportional to the molecular movement. Greater distance speeds up the diffusion.

29.

Both of the regular intravenous solutions administered in medicine, normal saline and lactated Ringer’s solution, are isotonic, such as seen in the middle image here. Why is this important?

a)

Isotonic solutions maintain equilibrium and avoid the exchange of materials to or from the blood.

b)

Isotonic solutions disrupt equilibrium and allow better exchange of materials in the blood.

c)

Isotonic solutions increase the pH of blood and allow better absorption of saline in blood.

d)

Isotonic solutions decrease the pH of the blood and avoid the exchange of materials to or from the blood.

30.

If a doctor injected a patient with what was labeled as an isotonic saline solution, but then the patient died, and an autopsy revealed that several of the patient's red blood cells had burst, such as in the image on the right, would it be true that the injected solution was really isotonic? Why or why not?

a)

False, the solution was hypertonic.

b)

False, the solution was osmotic.

c)

False, the solution was hypotonic.

d)

True, the solution was isotonic.

31.

The sodium-potassium (Na+/K+) pump functions like an anti-porter transporting Na+ and K+ across membranes using ATP. This protein spans the membrane with intracellular and extracellular domains. It has a binding site for Na+, K+, and ATP. An experiment was conducted to determine the locations of these binding sites. Artificial cells were created and incubated in buffers containing ATP, ouabain (or oubain), Na+, and K+ in varying combinations inside and outside of the cell as indicated in the chart. The transport of Na+ and K+ was measured to determine activity of the Na+/K+ pump. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data?

a)

Ouabain does not disrupt ATP binding to the Na+/K+ pump.

b)

ATP is required for transport of Na+ and not for transport of K+.

c)

The ATP binding site of the Na+/K+ pump is located on the intracellular domain of the pump.

d)

The ATP binding site of the Na+/K+ pump is located on the extracellular domain of the pump.

32.

Paramecia are unicellular protists that have contractile vacuoles to remove excess intracellular water. In an experimental investigation, Paramecia were placed in salt solutions of increasing osmolarity. The rate at which a Paramecium's contractile vacuole contracted to pump out excess water was determined and plotted against osmolarity of the solutions, as shown in the graph. Which of the following is the correct explanation for the data?

a)

At higher osmolarity, lower rates of contraction are required because more salt diffuses into the Paramecium.

b)

In an isosmotic salt solution, there is no diffusion of water into or out of the Paramecium, so the contraction rate is zero.

c)

The contraction rate increases as the osmolarity decreases because the amount of water entering the Paramecium by osmosis increases.

d)

The contractile vacuole is less efficient in solutions of high osmolarity because of the reduced amount of ATP produced from cellular respiration.

33.

An experiment was set up to determine the movement of molecules through a dialysis-tubing bag into water. A dialysis-tubing bag containing 5% lactose and 5% fructose was placed in a beaker of distilled water, as illustrated. After four hours, fructose is detected in the distilled water outside of the dialysis-tubing bag, but lactose is not. What conclusions can be made about the movement of molecules in this experiment?

a)

Fructose, being a monosaccharide, diffused through the dialysis bag into the distilled water. However, lactose, being a disaccharide, could not diffuse through the dialysis bag.

b)

Fructose was homogenized by lactose, allowing the fructose to diffuse through the dialysis bag and into the distilled water. Lactose is not homogenized, so it could not pass through the dialysis bag.

c)

Fructose and lactose are oppositely charged and separated out due to the force of repulsion.

d)

Fructose diffused because of the pore specificity of the semipermeable membrane, not because of its concentration gradient.

34.

A phospholipid has 2 parts. What are they called?

a)

Hydrophilic Head, Hydrophobic Tail

b)

Hydrophobic Head, Hydrophilic Tail

35.

A ______________ is composed of a phosphate and glycerol head and 2 fatty acid chain tails.

a)

phospholipid

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Cholesterol

d)

Protein

36.

Describes the arrangement of the cell membrane as bendable and made of many parts.

a)

The Fluid Mosaic Model

b)

The Major Mobility Model

c)

The Crazy Cell Model

d)

The Maze Model

37.

___________ allow cells to recognize each other and act like ID tags.

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Phospholipids

d)

Cholesterol

38.

___________ strengthens and stabilizes the cell membrane.

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Phospholipids

d)

Cholesterol

39.

___________ have 2 functions in the cell membrane.
1.) They act like gatekeepers, only let certain things in.
2.) Enzyme receptors embedded in the membrane.

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Phospholipids

d)

Cholesterol

40.

Something is ___________ ____________
when some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot.

a)

Selectively (or Semi) Permeable

b)

Totally Transparent

c)

Liquid Licorice

d)

Heavily Patrolled

41.

A cell in an isotonic solution will

a)

swell

b)

shrink

c)

stay the same size

d)

impossible to tell

42.

Food is moved into the cell by ________________________.

a)

endocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

osmosis

43.

This picture represents which type of cellular transport?

a)

passive transport

b)

endocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

osmosis

44.

A cell in a hypotonic solution will

a)

swell

b)

shrink

c)

stay the same size

d)

impossible to tell

45.

In what direction do particles naturally diffuse?

a)

Up the concentration gradient

b)

Down the concentration gradient

c)

Across the concentration gradient

d)

Over the river and through the woods

46.

Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?

a)

E

b)

B

c)

C

d)

A

47.

Hydrophilic portion of cell membrane?

a)

A

b)

C

c)

D

d)

E

48.

When particles move from low to high concentration

a)

Passive Transport

b)

Active Transport

49.

_______________ requires energy in the form of ATP

a)

Osmosis

b)

Active transport

c)

Facilitated diffusion

d)

Passive transport

50.

In facilitated diffusion, molecules will randomly move through the pores in ______________.

a)

Carrier proteins

b)

Channel proteins

c)

Ion pumps

d)

All of the above

51.

Meaning "to drink"

a)

Exocytosis

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Phagocytosis

d)

Pinocytosis

52.

This picture represents what type of cell transport?

a)

endocytosis

b)

exocytosis

c)

osmosis

d)

passive transport

53.

Your gums are swollen. How will rinsing with warm salt water help the swelling?

a)

swollen gums will absorb the salt

b)

salt lowers the temp

c)

salt goes against the concentration gradient

d)

water in the gums will diffuse out of the cells

54.

Which term is least closely related to the others?

a)

exocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

endocytosis

d)

phagocytosis

55.

Using this image, what organelle is C?

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Large Cell Vacuole

d)

Chloroplast

56.

What is the function of the mitochondria?

a)

Structure that manufactures ribosomes

b)

Structures that converts nutrients to energy

c)

Stack of membranes that packages chemicals

d)

Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell

57.

What is the function of the vacuole?

a)

Sac that stores water, nutrients, and waste products

b)

Sac filled with digestive chemicals

c)

Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane

d)

stack of membranes that packages chemicals

58.

I make proteins for the cell. What am I?

a)

ribosome

b)

mitochondria

c)

chloroplast

d)

lysosome

59.

The two kinds of cells are Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. How are they different?

a)

Prokaryotes have a nucleus.

b)

Eukaryotes have a nucleus.

c)

Prokaryotes are plant cells.

d)

There is no difference.

60.

What cell part is NOT found in all cells?

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Genetic Material

61.

Complex cell. Can be plant or animal. Contains membrane bound organelles.

a)

Eukaryotic Cell

b)

Prokaryotic Cell

c)

Bacteria

d)

Blood cell

62.

What does this organism use for movement?

a)

Pseudopod

b)

Cilia

c)

Flagella

d)

legs

63.

Where are ribosomes produced?

a)

Nucleolus

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Golgi body

d)

Vessicle

64.

What is found in both plant and animal cells but is much larger in plant cells?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Mitochondrion

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Vacuole

65.

What organelle helps with cell digestion?

a)

Lysosomes

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Golgi Complex

d)

ER

66.

Using this image, what organelle is D?

a)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

b)

Flagella

c)

Rough ER

d)

Smooth ER

67.

Plant cells have ___ for cell to cell communication.

a)

gap junctions

b)

plasmodesmata

c)

desmosomes

d)

tight junctions

68.

What is the function of nucleus?

a)

Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes.

b)

Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell

c)

Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell

d)

Stack of membranes that packages chemicals

69.

What is the difference between rough and smooth ER?

a)

There is no difference.

b)

Plants have rough ER, animals have smooth ER.

c)

What type of injuries the Doctors treat.

d)

Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.

70.

I am a protein packaging and shipping machine! Who am I?

a)

vacuole

b)

ribosome

c)

endoplasmic reticulum

d)

golgi apparatus

71.

Where are lipids formed?

a)

Rough ER

b)

Smooth ER

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosomes

72.

Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...

a)

16 chromosomes.

b)

46 chromosomes.

c)

8 chromosomes.

d)

4 chromosomes.

73.

The difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a cell is called:

a)

Concentration Difference

b)

Membrane Potential

c)

Cotransport

d)

Concentration Potential

74.

The combination of an ion's concentration gradient and membrane potential is called

a)

action potential

b)

electrochemical potential

c)

electrochemical gradient

d)

action gradient

75.

Which of the following describes an appropriate water movement pathway?

a)

hypotonic solution to hypertonic solution

b)

hypertonic solution to hypotonic solution

c)

hypertonic solution to isotonic solution

d)

isotonic solution to hypotonic solution

76.

If a hospital patient is mistakenly given an IV of pure water instead of a saline solution that is isotonic to blood, the patient’s red blood cells will

a)

shrink and collapse

b)

release water to the plasma along its concentration gradient

c)

absorb water from the plasma and eventually burst

d)

transport equal amounts of water across the cell membrane in both directions

77.

This picture represents which type of cellular transport?

a)

passive transport

b)

endocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

osmosis

78.

_______________ requires energy in the form of ATP

a)

Osmosis

b)

Active transport

c)

Facilitated diffusion

d)

Passive transport

AP Bio Unit 2

Total questions: 78

Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins

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