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G.8 Science Midterm Exam II Practice

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the geosphere?

a)

all the air and gases on the planet

b)

all the frozen water on the Earth

c)

the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

d)

the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

2.

What is the biosphere?

a)

all the air and gases on the planet

b)

made up of living things

c)

the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

d)

the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

3.

What is the hydrosphere?

a)

all the air and gases on the planet

b)

made up of living things

c)

the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

d)

the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

4.

The waves in the ocean are part of _______.

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

geosphere

5.

Which sphere contains icebergs and glaciers

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Cryosphere

c)

Biosphere

d)

Geosphere

6.
Water evaporating from the surface of a lake moves from the...
a)
Atmosphere to the geosphere 
b)
Geosphere to the hydrosphere 
c)
Hydrosphere to the atmosphere 
d)
Atmosphere to the hydrosphere 
7.
When living things breathe, they interact with which of Earth's spheres? 
a)
Geosphere 
b)
Hydrosphere 
c)
Atmosphere 
d)
Biosphere 
8.
When volcanoes erupt, dust and ash particles spread through much of the air blocking the sun.  Which two spheres are interacting? 
a)
Hydrosphere and atmosphere 
b)
Geosphere and atmosphere 
c)
Biosphere and atmosphere 
d)
Atmosphere and atmosphere 
9.

The remains of dead plants and animals can get buried under soil to form coal and oil over long periods of time are interactions between the

a)

Hydrosphere and cryosphere

b)

Biosphere and atmosphere

c)

Geosphere and hydrosphere

d)

Geosphere and biosphere

10.

Flooding moves soil and rock to new places are interactions between the

a)

Biosphere and geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere and biosphere

c)

Geosphere and hydrosphere

d)

Hydrosphere and atmosphere

11.
Abrasion causes
a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

both chemical and physical weathering

d)

neither chemical or physical weathering

12.
Acid rain causes
a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)
both chemical and physical weathering.
d)

neither chemical or physical weathering

13.
Abrasion is the process by which rocks
a)

become cemented together to form bigger rocks

b)

become pitted (covered with small holes)

c)

scrape against one another

d)

break apart when water freezes

14.

Weathering is the process of

a)

moving sediment from one place to another

b)

dropping or leaving sediment in a location

c)

breaking down rocks into sediment

15.

An example of chemical weathering is

a)

Ice wedging

b)

Oxidation

c)

Animals burrowing

d)

Crashing waves

16.

Ice wedging is an example of -

a)

Physical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

c)

Both physical AND chemical weathering

17.
What is likely to cause cracks on the sidewalk?
a)
Repeated freezing and thawing of water
b)
Tree roots or plant roots growing bigger
c)

Both answers

d)

Neither answer

18.
These rocks were made smooth by wind blowing smaller rock particles across their surface.  This is an example of:
a)
ice wedging
b)
chemical weathering
c)
acid rain
d)
abrasion
19.
These rocks were broken apart from the continuous freeze/thaw of water in the cracks of the rocks. This is an example of:
a)
ice wedging
b)
acid rain
c)
permeability
d)
abrasion
20.
How is mechanical weathering different from chemical weathering?
a)
Chemical weathering happens over much shorter time frame than mechanical weathering.
b)
Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; mechanical weathering does not.
c)
Chemical weathering occurs only in tropical climates; mechanical weathering occurs only in cool climates.
21.

The process of sediment being dropped off in a new place is called

a)

Abrasion

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Weathering

22.

carries away materials

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

c)

Weathering

d)

Rock Cycle

23.

A delta is an example of

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Sediment

d)

Deposition

24.

Sea caves are coastal landform made by

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

25.
Waves wash sand onto land until a beach is formed
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
26.

What is the name for an area of flat land next to a river?

a)

floodzone

b)

wetplain

c)

saturated zone

d)

floodplain

27.
The geological principle stating that the same processes that operate today also operated in the past is called ...
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
uniformitarianism
d)
soil conservation
28.
Rusting is caused by ...
a)
carbonation
b)
oxidation
c)
hydrolysis
d)
nitric acid
29.

A type of mass movement: the very slow downhill movement of rock and soil

a)

landslide

b)

mudflow

c)

slump

d)

creep

30.

A deposit that hangs like an icicle from the roof of a cave

a)

stalactite

b)

column

c)

stalagmite

d)

fossil

31.

A part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean

a)

beach

b)

spit

c)

longshore drift

d)

headland

32.

Structure left standing when a sea arch collapses

a)

spit

b)

sea cave

c)

sea stack

d)

headland

33.

Formed as wave action hollows out the cliff due to softer rock

a)

headland

b)

sea cave

c)

barrier beach

d)

spit

34.
What are two kinds of glaciers?
a)
moraine and continental
b)
continental and alpine
c)
valley and mountain
d)
till and stratified drft
35.
What forms when waves undercut the rock to produce steep slopes?
a)
sea caves
b)
sea stacks
c)
sea arches
d)
sea cliffs
36.
form when waves cut through the sea cave
a)
sea caves
b)
sea stacks
c)
sea arches
d)
sea cliffs
37.

Landslides and mudslides are an example of erosion by ________.

a)

Gravity

b)

Ice

c)

Water

d)

Wind

38.

The process where glaciers erode an area over a long period of time is ______ erosion.

a)

Gravity

b)

Ice

c)

Water

d)

Wind

39.

How are sand dunes created?

a)

rain weathering

b)

water erosion

c)

wind depositing the sediments

d)

water deposition

40.

A delta is formed by the action of -

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

condensation

41.
What caused the edges of these rocks to become smooth?
a)
rocks bumping and scraping against each other in a river
b)
ice scraping from a glacier
c)
sand blowing in the wind
d)
plants growing roots
42.

Which is the cause of erosion/deposition in this example?

a)

Wind

b)

Water

c)

Ice

d)

Gravity

43.
How are fossils created?
a)
Traces of organisms get turned into stone.
b)
Dead organisms are quickly buried for millions of years.
c)
Animals get trapped.
d)
All of the above
44.
If scientists found this fossil, what could they infer?
a)
what fish are like today
b)
that this fish lacked oxygen
c)
what kind of animal ate this fish
d)
that water once covered the area
45.

This type of fossil is tree sap hardened and replaced by minerals.

a)

Petrified wood

b)

Imprint

c)

Amber

d)

Mold

46.

What type of fossil is pictured here?

a)

Forest fossil

b)

Trace fossil

c)

Cast fossil

d)

Body fossil

47.
This type of fossil forms when minerals soak into the buried remains, replacing the remains, and changing them into rock.
a)
mold
b)
cast
c)
petrified
d)
preserved
48.
5. What kind of fossil is this?
a)
Amber Fossil
b)
Frozen Fossil
c)

mold Fossil

49.

Unweathered bedrock

a)

O Horizon

b)

A Horizon

c)

B Horizon

d)

C Horizon

e)

R Horizon

50.

Organic materials dominate this horizon

a)

O Horizon

b)

A Horizon

c)

B Horizon

d)

C Horizon

e)

R Horizon

51.

What soil horizon is shown?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon E

d)

Horizon B

e)

Horizon C

52.

What soil horizon is shown?

a)

Horizon A

b)

Horizon E

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

53.

Match the description of the horizon to the horizon name.

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon E

e)

Horizon C

54.

Match the description of the horizon to the horizon name.

a)

Horizon R

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon O

e)

Horizon C

55.

Match the description of the horizon to the horizon name.

a)

Horizon R

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon O

e)

Horizon C

56.

A team of scientists is searching for specimens to understand how Earth's climate has changed in the past. The black boxes in the figure below show where this team has drilled to obtain such specimens. What were these scientists drilling for?

a)

ice cores

b)

surface landforms

c)

sea-floor sediments

d)

fossil's preserved in amber

57.

In 1897, a British scientist proposed that Earth was between 20 and 400 million years old. Based on radiometric dating, scientists now propose a different age for Earth. Based on the most current radiometric dating data, about how old is Earth?

a)

40 billion years old

b)

20 billion years old

c)

4.6 billion years old

d)

4.6 million years old

58.

Florida State University has a large collection of ice cores taken from Antarctica. What can scientists learn by studying these ice cores?

a)

history of Earth's climate

b)

how continents have moved

c)

how new species have evolved

d)

major changes that have taken place on Earth's surface

59.

Which of the following are ways in which scientists can study about Earth's climate history? Choose all that apply.

a)

Ice cores and tree rings

b)

sea-floor sediments

c)

petrified materials

d)

caprolite

60.

In which of the following ways can organisms become preserved in fossils? Choose all that apply.

a)

Trapped in Amber and Asphalt (tar)

b)

buried in rock or frozen in ice

c)

Petrificaton

d)

Tracks, burrows and caprolite

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