A client with dementia is unable to provide an accurate medical history. The OTA is discussing the client with the spouse. The spouse recalls that the dementia symptoms began when the client was 65 years old. At first, he was just forgetful and became depressed, then he began having difficulty communicating and his judgement and orientation were impacted. What type of dementia does this client MOST LIKELY have?

An OTA is working as a consultant in a dementia unit of a nursing home. How could the OTA BEST assist a certified nursing assistant working with a resident on ADL tasks?

An OT department is choosing a cognitive screening tool to be used with all clients being admitted to the hospital. They want a tool that requires no training and is quick to administer. What tool would they MOST LIKELY choose?

An OTA working on a dementia unit wants to use a tool that characterizes levels of dementia focusing on the client’s strengths, not just the losses. The OTA wants to emphasize supportive strategies to create positive experiences and fewer feelings of distress and failure for both the client and the caregivers. What tool would the OTA MOST LIKELY choose?

An OTA is working with a client in her home who is in the early stages of dementia. What would MOST LIKELY be the education priorities during this stage?

 A client who has dementia tends to wander when he does not have something to do. What is the BEST environmental modification to make to diminish the behavior?

An OTA is working with a 67-year-old client who has recently had a CVA, resulting in self-feeding difficulties. The client was a high-powered executive who is rather embarrassed about being fed and is choosing not to eat. Which strategy will BEST benefit the client?

An OTA is working with an elderly client with self-feeding and fine motor issues. The client likes to host social events and expresses that she would like to drink from her stemmed glasses when she returns home from inpatient rehabilitation. Which action would BEST benefit this client?

An OTA is feeding a client who is coughing after each bite and presents with a gurgling sound to his voice but no coughing after eating. What should the OTA be MOST concerned about when feeding this client?

Which phase of the swallow is involuntary?

 A client with Parkinson’s disease and resulting dysarthria is trying to communicate with his OTA but the OTA is having difficulty understanding what he is trying to say. What strategies would the OTA MOST LIKELY suggest to facilitate their 1:1 communication?

Select the correct order of the four phases of the swallow.

Clive was referred for an occupational therapy evaluation for weakness and deconditioning. When reviewing the medical chart, the OTA notices that he has lost weight over the last 3 months, and she begins to wonder if Clive has dysphagia, which is contributing to the weight loss. What information in the medical chart might indicate dysphagia or aspiration?

Which older adult would not benefit from the use of an assistive device for self-feeding?

What condition is sometimes related to vision loss for 25% of adults?

What is a noninvasive treatment for strabismus?

Which of the following is an abnormal change in vision?

Which of the following defines hemi-neglect?

What is the OTA’s role in treating an older adult with a hearing impairment?

Which of the following is a major cause of constipation?

What is the most preventable, modifiable risk factor for stroke?

Jackie understands what is said to her, but when she tries to respond to questions, her words are unintelligible. Jackie has

Juan is an older adult man with dementia in a memory support unit who sometimes gets agitated with other residents in the facility. The aid knows if she stays with Juan, she won’t get other tasks done before the end of her shift. The nurse on duty suggests that they give Juan one of his medications early since it causes drowsiness and will help Juan fall asleep. This is considered

Gene has started to experience orthostatic hypotension especially during his morning routine. What is a good strategy to improve safety during dressing tasks?

An OTA is working as a consultant for a multidisciplinary team in a dementia unit of a skilled nursing home. The staff is finding that they are frequently asking the physician to consider medication changes to manage challenging behaviors and they wonder if there are other ways to manage them. How could the OTA BEST assist the team to deal with challenging behaviors without the use of medication?

An OTA student is observing an occupational therapist conducting a mental status exam on a client to determine if he has mild memory loss. The student also watched a training video with the occupational therapist because it needs to be reviewed annually. The occupational therapist asked the client 11 questions measuring attention, immediate and delayed recall, orientation, calculation and registration, memory, registration and digit span, and visual spatial and executive function with and without extrapolation. What tool is the occupational therapist MOST LIKELY using?

An OT department is choosing a cognitive screening tool to be used with all clients being admitted to the hospital. They want a tool that requires no training and is quick to administer. What tool would they MOST LIKELY choose?

An OTA working on a dementia unit wants to use a tool that characterizes levels of dementia focusing on the client’s strengths, not just the losses. The OTA wants to emphasize supportive strategies to create positive experiences and fewer feelings of distress and failure for both the client and the caregivers. What tool would the OTA MOST LIKELY choose?

What is the simplest, lightest type of wheelchair, that is primary used for a caregiver to push a patient who is unable to assist with propulsion in?

Kathleen experiences incontinence during exercise or sometimes when her grandchild sits on her lap. What strategy to treat incontinence would be most helpful for Kathleen?

Delores lives in a long-term care facility, is physically independent with mobility, but tends to wander especially during the evening hours. She has started wandering out of the facility and onto the busy side street. The staff started placing a bedside table in front of Delores’ chair to discourage her from wandering even though they know this may create a fall hazard. What is the least restrictive alternative to ensure Delores’ safety?

Lily is an OTA in a long-term care facility who is working with an older adult with cognitive impairment who is healing from significant skin erosion due to urinary and bowel incontinence. Which of the following factors should be considered in the OT plan of care?

Gene has started to experience orthostatic hypotension especially during his morning routine. What is a good strategy to improve safety during dressing tasks?

Juan is an older adult man with dementia in a memory support unit who sometimes gets agitated with other residents in the facility. The aid knows if she stays with Juan, she won’t get other tasks done before the end of her shift. The nurse on duty suggests that they give Juan one of his medications early since it causes drowsiness and will help Juan fall asleep. This is considered:

Angela understands what is said to her, but when she tries to respond to questions, her words are unintelligible. Angela has:

Daniel is an OTA who is seeing a new patient who was evaluated by the registered occupational therapist (OTR) the day before. In the evaluation documentation, the OTR indicates that the patient had a stroke and has poor postural reactions. What activity will the patient likely have most difficulty with?

Which of the following describes an optimal posture or position during a transfer for a person with a stroke?

Mr. Chang had a stroke 4 days ago and has right hemiplegia. Lisa is an OTA and is preparing to help Mr. Chang to sit at the edge of the bed. She provides gentle passive range of motion with Mr. Chang’s right arm and begins to facilitate rolling toward the edge of the bed. Which side of the bed should Mr. Chang exit?

What is the most undiagnosed and untreated response to stroke?

Which of the following is a sign of the presence of DVT?

What is the most significant unmodifiable risk factor for stroke?

What is the most preventable, modifiable risk factor for stroke?

Which of the following is a fixed risk factor for stroke?

What is one of the most effective rehabilitation interventions for individuals who sustain motor impairments after a stroke?

Mr. Smith has symptoms of urinary incontinence, including impaired cognitive functioning and immobility. Which type of incontinence does he have?

Your client is having symptoms of urinary incontinence, including the inability to hold her urine until she gets to the bathroom. What type of incontinence does she have?

Ms. Bell has symptoms of urinary incontinence, including uncontrollable loss of urine when she coughs, laughs, and sneezes. Which type of incontinence does she have?

The caregivers of a skilled nursing facility are working with Mr. Jones to decrease episodes of incontinence. When Mr. Jones feels the need to urinate, his caregivers tell him to resist the urge for at least 10 minutes longer than yesterday. What type of strategy is this?

An OTA is working on a toileting program for a frail older adult who has recently experienced a cognitive decline. This older adult has had previous problems with skin breakdown related to incontinence, so it is imperative to avoid accidents as much as possible. Which of the following would be the best strategy for the OTA to include?

Which of the following recommendations would be made for an older adult who has trouble with background noise at home?

Which of the following is a good description of “sensorineural” hearing loss?

What is the OTA’s role in treating an older adult with a hearing impairment?

Which other system works with the ocular system to produce vision?

Which of the following is an occupation-based intervention to work on visual scanning?

A talking glucometer might be helpful for a person with which of the following?

What condition is sometimes related to vision loss for 25% of adults?

Franklin lives in an assisted living facility and recently had a stroke which has impacted his oral motor and self-feeding skills. During meals, he frequently drops or spills food on his clothing and at times does not sense when his face is dirty. Franklin used to enjoy eating meals with his friends in the facility’s dining hall, but he is embarrassed by his feeding challenges and now prefers to eat in his room. What can the OTA do to assist Franklin in returning to previous mealtime routines?

Which older adult would not benefit from the use of an assistive device for self-feeding?

In frail older adults, which age-related swallowing change would you expect to see in the pharyngeal phase?