Font size
WorksheetsGeneral Biology Semester 1 Final
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 38mins
Which is an example of a stimulus and the accompanying response of an organism?
a hawk grabs a branch to gain a perch
a rat scurries past and a python strikes at it
a wildebeest crosses a river during migration
an earthworm burrows into new, rich soil
Which helps maintain a dog's homeostasis?
sleeping
eating
hunting
panting
Which defines hypothesis?
observed inference
educated guess
testable explanation
accepted idea
The basic unit of structure for all living things is called a
organism
tissue
cell
molcule
Tiger stripes that camouflage the animal in dry grass and shadows are an example of a(n)
species
adaptation
response
homeostasis
A species of an organism is capable of doing what?
breeding with one another and producing fertile offspring
living in different environments across the biosphere
breeding with one another and producing infertile offspring
living in the same environment as one another
What is it called when an organism reacts to a stimulus, either internal or external?
a response
a return
a reaction
a reply
Which is the process that results in mass being added to an organism that may include formation of new cells and new structures?
mitosis
growth
reproduction
development
Which is true in a covalent bond?
the bond is caused by van der Waals forces
the bond forms when electrons are shared
the bond forms when electrons are donated
the bond forms between ions
Elements are placed into the same group on the periodic table of the elements because they __
have the same number of protons
form the same isotopes
have the same number of electron energy levels
have similar chemical properties
Which equation satisfies the law of conservation of matter?
4O2 + Al →→ AlO3
4O2 + 3Al →→ 3AlO3
3O2 + 2Al →→ 2AlO3
3O2 + 2Al →→ 3AlO3
Which macromolecule is involved in nearly every function in the human body?
protein
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
Which macromolecule stores genetic information for an organism?
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Which macromolecule is responsible for the formation of a cell's membrane?
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
Two atoms of uranium that differ in their number of neutrons are called
isotopes
molecules
atoms
elements
The branch of science that studies carbon and its compounds is called
organic chemistry
inorganic chemistry
biochemistry
none of these
What are van der Waals forces?
molecules that store genetic information
forces that bond ions together
attractive forces between molecules
minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction
What is an active site?
a molecule that acts as a biological catalyst
the specific place where a substrate binds on an enzyme
the reactant to which an enzyme binds
a mixture that maintains the pH of a solution within a specific range
What is a polar molecule?
a molecule that has lost or gained electrons
a molecule that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution
a molecule with oppositely charged regions
a large molecule formed by joining smaller molecules together
The scientist that proposed that all cells are produced from the division of existing cells wash
Hooke
Schwann
Virchow
Schleiden
Which organelle is large in plant cells but small or absent in animal cells?
vacuole
chloroplast
centriole
nucleolus
How do carrier proteins facilitate active transport?
Carrier proteins move substances from a high to low concentration.
Carrier proteins create an isotonic solution.
Carrier proteins block the plasma membrane
Carrier proteins move substances from a low to high concentration
Predict how oxygen crosses the plasma membrane if the concentration of oxygen is lower inside the cell than it is outside the cell.
oxygen enters the cell through channel proteins
oxygen leaves the cell through channel proteins
oxygen enters the cell through the plasma membrane
oxygen leaves the cell through the plasma membrane
Which organelle is called the "powerhouse of the cell"?
nucleus
ribosome
mitochondria
vesicle
Which organelle is present in a microscopic protozoan but absent in the cells of a strawberry plant?
cytoskeleton
nucleus
cilia
microtubules
Which of the following statements are principles of the cell theory? Select all that apply.
cells are the basic unit of life
cells reproduce by binary fission
all living things are composed of cells
cells come from pre-existing cells
The bacterium E. coli is a type of cell called a(n)
eukaryote
prokaryote
nonkaryote
none of these
The central structure that defines the cell is called the
nucleus
mitochondria
ribosome
cytoplasm
Diffusion occurs when there is a net movement of particles from an area of ______ concentration to an area of _______ concentration.
high - low
low - high
high - high
low - high
The spread of a drop of food dye throughout a glass of milk is called
diffusion
effusion
facilitated diffusion
aroma
Which of the following is an autotroph?
wolf
earthworm
mushroom
daisy
Which describes the process of cellular respiration?
anabolic pathway that builds molecules of stored energy
catabolic pathway that breaks molecules into energy
anabolic pathway that breaks molecules into energy
catabolic pathway that builds molecules of stored energy
_____________ is formed during the light-independent phase of photosynthesis.
NADPH
glucose
ATP
all of these
Which describes the process of glycolysis?
aerobic process that breaks down glucose
aerobic process that manufactures glucose
anaerobic process that manufactures glucose
anaerobic process that breaks down glucose
________ is recycled through the Krebs cycle.
rubisco
citric acid
FAD
carbon
A black widow spider snaring an insect to eat is an example of an organism called a(n)
autotroph
heterotroph
detritivore
all of these
Light-dependent reactions take place in saclike membranes called
thylakoids
chloroplast
stroma
vacuole
Inorganic carbon dioxide cannot be converted into organic molecules during photosynthesis without the enzyme
lactic acid
pyruvate
rubisco
fermentation
The final step of aerobic respiration when ATP is created is called glycolysis.
true
false
The chemical equation for photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
True
False
Which statement distinguishes the process of cytokinesis in plant and animal cells?
cytokinesis results in genetic diversity in animal cells but not plant cells
a cell plate forms in plant cells, while a furrow forms in animal cells
cytokinesis results in genetic diversity in plant cells but not animal cells
a cell plate forms in animal cells, while a furrow forms in plant cells
Which of the following is part of the spindle apparatus?
aster fibers
nuclear envelope
chromatin
centromere
How can apoptosis be defined?
incomplete mitosis
cell death
cell growth
complete mitosis
Why is adult stem cell research less controversial than embryonic stem cell research?
consent can be obtained from adult stem cell donors
stem cells from adults require no animal experimentation
donated cadavers can be used to harvest adult stem cells
adult stem cell research has wider medical applications
Which of the following is the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell?
4n
n
3n
2n
Which event occurs during meiosis II but not during meiosis I?
sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles
cytokinesis occurs after the final phase
spindle apparatus forms inside the cell
haploid number of chromosomes line the equator
Why is Down syndrome called trisomy 21?
the syndrome results from an extra chromosome 21
the person has 21 pairs of chromosomes instead of 23
the person has an abnormal gene on chromosome 21
the syndrome is caused by having 21 pairs of autosomes
Which of the following are examples of autosomal nondisjunction? Select all that apply.
Edwards syndrome
Patau syndrome
Turner's syndrome
Down syndrome
Which defines an organism that is homozygous for a trait?
has two different alleles for a trait
has two of the same alleles for a trait
has two different genes for a trait
has two of the same genes for a trait
What is the function of a pedigree?
A diagram that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through generations.
A diagram that explains the results of a test cross between two organisms.
A diagram that determines the genotype and phenotype of an organism.
A diagram that explains the inheritance of traits that was used by Mendel.
Which is the ratio of pea plant offspring with recessive green seeds if both parents are hybrids?
1:8
1:2
1:4
1:1
Which of the following causes genetic recombination? Select all that apply.
segregation
crossing over
alleles
independent assortment
The process of breeding closely-related organisms to eliminate undesirable traits in future generations is called
inbreeding
selective breeding
de-selective breeding
segregation
Breeding a dog that has a good sense of smell with another dog that will retrieve game birds to produce offspring with both desirable traits is an example of
segregation
inbreeding
hybridization
none of these
__________ is defined as the science of heredity.
genetics
biology
gene therapy
biochemistry
A(n) _____________ is defined as an alternative form of a single gene passed from generation to generation.
trait
allele
hybrid
all of these
Which statement pertains to Mendel's law of segregation?
two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis
homozygous organisms are called hybrids
dominant traits are visible
allele pairs are called a genotype
Which of these pertains to Mendel's law of independent assortment?
protein production
random distribution of alleles
separation of alleles during meiosis
observable characteristics of a trait
The process by which desired traits of certain plants and animals are selected and passed on to their future generations is called
inbreeding
selective breeding
hybridization
independent assortment
An individual who is heterozygous for a recessive disorder is called a
carrier
homozygous dominant
inbred
none of these
The ______ contains spindle fibers, centrioles, and aster fibers.
chromosome
centromere
spindle apparatus
nuclear envelope
Substances known to cause cancer are called _____
kinases
carcinogens
stem cells
aster fibers
The process by which haploid gametes combine is called _______.
synapsis
interphase
fertilization
genetic variation
A _____ is the DNA-containing structure that carries genetic material from one generation to another.
chromosome
sister chromatid
chromatin
homologous chromosomes
_____ is a relaxed form of DNA in the nucleus of a cell.
chromosome
sister chromatid
homologous chromosome
chromatin
A __ is a structure that contains identical DNA copies and is formed during DNA replication.
chromatin
chromosome
sister chromatid
homologous chromosome
What is the cell structure that joins two sister chromatids?
equator
spindle apparatus
centromere
centriole
What is the term called when referring to a stack of thylakoids?
matrix
thylakoid
granum
stroma
Light-absorbing molecules such as chlorophyll are called ______.
stroma
grana
pigments
thylakoids
Rubisco is a(n) _______ that converts inorganic carbon dioxide into organic molecules during the final step of the Calvin cycle.
lipid
protein
carbohydrate
enzyme
What is the series of reactions in which pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide called?
calvin cycle
fermentation
Krebs cycle
glycolysis
Which defines a cell?
microscopic organisms in water
the smallest type of animal
the basic unit of living things
protein molecules in animals
A phospholipid bilayer is the basic structure that makes up the plasma membrane.
phospholipid bilayer
receptor protein
cholesterol bilayer
carbohydrate bilayer
The diffusion of water across the selectively permeable membrane of an alga cell is called _____.
osmosis
diffusion
active diffusion
facilitated diffusion
The plasma membrane is a structure that surrounds a cell and helps control what enters and exits the cell.
True
False
