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Theoretical perspectives & Scientific Thinking

Total questions: 29

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The first psychology labratory was started by ___________ in Germany in 1879.

a)
Sigmund Freud
b)

Edward Titchner

c)

John Watson

d)
Wilhelm Wundt
2.

If a claim cannot be disproven (like Freud's theories), it is not ___________.

a)

reliable

b)

replicable

c)

falsifiable

d)

scientific

3.

Jan is called for jury duty. As soon as Jan sees the person who is on trial, she has a feeling he is guilty. When she looks at the evidence she notices all of the details that confirm her belief that he is guilty and she does not pay attention to the evidence that suggests he is innocent. This is an example of ___________.

a)

belief perseverance

b)
availability heuristic
c)
confirmation bias
d)

naive realism

4.

The _________ is the error of assuming that because one thing is associated with another, it must cause the other.

a)

association fallacy

b)

correlation-causation fallacy

c)

post-hoc fallacy

d)

none of the above

5.

The ability of others to consistently duplicate a study's findings is called ______.

a)

reliability

b)
replicability
c)
validity
d)

empiricism

6.

Occam's razor is also called the principle of _________.

a)
complexity
b)
ambiguity
c)
simplicity
d)
parsimony
7.

What are variables?

a)

Variables are numbers.

b)
Variables are only used in mathematical equations.
c)

Variables are anything that vary.

d)

Variables are something you cannot quantify.

8.

In the textbook, variations among people in their thinking, emotion, personality, and behaviour are called _______

a)

character traits

b)

variables

c)
individual differences
d)

all of the above

9.

Theory or hypothesis: How people explain the behaviour of others influences their attitudes towards others.

a)

Theory

b)

Hypothesis

10.

Theory or hypothesis: Drinking coffee increases road rage.

a)

Theory

b)

Hypothesis

11.

Theory or hypothesis: Anxiety increases self-reported loneliness.

a)

Theory

b)

hypothesis

12.

Theory or hypothesis: People's behaviour is influenced by their diet.

a)

Theory

b)

Hypothesis

13.

The school of thought that used introspection to identify basic elements of psychological experiences.

a)
Structuralism
b)

Cognitivism

c)
Behaviorism
d)
Functionalism
14.

School of thought that tries to understand the adaptive purposes of our thoughts, feelings and behaviors (roots in Darwin's theory of evolution).

a)

Cognitivism

b)

Psychoanalysis

c)
Behaviorism
d)
Functionalism
15.

Which a school of thought examines the role of mental processes on behaviour?

a)
Behaviorism
b)
Psychoanalysis
c)

Cognitivism

d)

Structuralism

16.

School of thought that focuses on uncovering the general laws of learning by looking at observable behaviour.

a)

Psychoanalysis

b)

Behaviorism

c)
Humanism
d)

Constructivism

17.

School of thought that focuses on internal psychological processes of which we are unaware

a)

Structuralism

b)
Psychoanalysis
c)

Cognitivism

d)

Neuropsychology

18.

Match the following "founders" to their schools of thought.

a)

Edward Titchner

1.

Structuralism

b)

William James

2.

Functionalism

c)

Sigmund Freud

3.

Psychoanalysis

d)

John Watson & B.F SKinner

4.

Behaviourism

e)

Piaget & Neisser

5.

Cognitivism

19.

Plato's "wax tablet" analogy relates to ______.

a)

The nature of the mind

b)

Human nature

c)

Associations between ideas

d)

Memory

20.

Aristotle was interested in ____________.

a)

Memory

b)

Associations between ideas

c)

Human nature

d)

The nature of the mind

21.

Descartes was interested in _________.

a)

The nature of the mind

b)

History of psychology

c)

Scientific methods

d)

Human nature

22.

Match the following ideas to the school of thought they are associated with

a)

Introspection

1.

Structuralism

b)

"Anti-mentalistic"

2.

Behaviorism

c)

Stream of though

3.

Functionalism

d)

"Black box"

4.

Cognitivism

e)

The unconscious

5.

Psychoanalysis

23.

Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of science?

a)

Description

b)

Explanation

c)

Influence

d)

Control

e)

Prediction

24.

6 Principles of Scientific Thinking: COFERR

What does the C stand for?

(a)  

25.

6 Principles of Scientific Thinking: COFERR

What does the O stand for?

(a)  

26.

6 Principles of Scientific Thinking: COFERR

What does the F stand for?

(a)  

27.

6 Principles of Scientific Thinking: COFERR

What does the E stand for?

(a)  

28.

6 Principles of Scientific Thinking: COFERR

What does the R stand for?

(a)  

29.

6 Principles of Scientific Thinking: COFERR

What does the R stand for?

(a)