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WorksheetsEnvironmental Science Midterm Practice
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge and is found in the electron cloud?
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Nucleus
The primary function of neutrons in an atom is to:
Carry a positive charge
Provide stability to the nucleus
Conduct electricity
Create chemical bonds
Which best describes potential energy?
Energy of motion
Stored energy
Lost energy
Nuclear energy
During photosynthesis, plants convert:
Chemical energy to light energy
Light energy to chemical energy
Heat energy to chemical energy
Chemical energy to heat energy
Which wavelength of light is most important for photosynthesis?
Ultraviolet
Infrared
Visible light
Radio waves
The formula 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ represents:
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
Decomposition
Fermentation
In a food chain, energy transfer between trophic levels is approximately:
90%
50%
10%
1%
Earth's atmosphere is primarily composed of:
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen
Water vapor
Which is a product of cellular respiration?
Glucose
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Chlorophyll
Net primary productivity equals:
Gross primary productivity plus respiration
Gross primary productivity minus respiration
Total biomass production
Total energy input
In the carbon cycle, carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere by:
Burning fossil fuels
Volcanic eruptions
Photosynthesis
Respiration
The phosphorus cycle differs from other biogeochemical cycles because it:
Has no gaseous phase
Involves only animals
Occurs only in water
Requires sunlight
Which best describes a decomposer's role?
Produces its own food
Eats other organisms
Breaks down dead matter
Creates oxygen
Kinetic energy is:
Stored energy
Energy of motion
Nuclear energy
Chemical energy
The relationship between mass and energy is described by:
Newton's Laws
Einstein's E=mc²
Darwin's Theory
Mendel's Laws
Natural selection directly acts on:
DNA
Phenotypes
Genes
Species
The bottleneck effect results in:
Increased genetic diversity
Decreased genetic diversity
Speciation
Mutation
Convergent evolution produces:
Different functions from same structure
Same function from different structures
Only beneficial traits
Only harmful traits
Which is an example of artificial selection?
Antibiotic resistance
Selective breeding of crops
Camouflage in moths
Bacterial mutation
The most specific taxonomic category is:
Genus
Family
Species
Order
Resource partitioning in an ecosystem results in:
Increased competition
Decreased biodiversity
Reduced niche overlap
Extinction
In a parasitic relationship:
Both species benefit
One species benefits, one is harmed
Neither species benefits
Both species are harmed
R-selected species typically:
Have few offspring
Have long lifespans
Have many offspring
Provide extensive parental care
Interspecific competition occurs between:
Members of same species
Different species
Predator and prey only
Plants only
The founder effect occurs when:
A population becomes extinct
A small group starts a new population
Two species compete
A species adapts to new conditions
Which type of selection favors extreme traits?
Stabilizing
Directional
Disruptive
Artificial
Homologous structures:
Have different origins but same function
Have same origin but different functions
Have different origins and functions
Have same origin and function
A population's carrying capacity is determined by:
Predator population
Limiting factors
Birth rate only
Death rate only
Which represents a density-dependent factor?
Temperature
Natural disasters
Disease
Rainfall
Symbiosis where both species benefit is called:
Parasitism
Commensalism
Mutualism
Competition
The process of ecological succession begins with:
Climax community
Pioneer species
Mature forest
Complex ecosystem
A species' niche includes:
Only its habitat
Only its diet
All its ecological requirements
Only its predators
Genetic drift is most likely to affect:
Large populations
Small populations
All populations equally
Only plant populations
A keystone species:
Has little effect on community
Has large effect relative to abundance
Is always a top predator
Is always a producer
Scientific names are used because they:
Are shorter than common names
Are easier to pronounce
Are universally recognized
Change frequently
A species is considered endangered when:
It has no predators
It faces extinction risk
It lives in captivity
It has limited range
The main cause of modern species endangerment is:
Natural selection
Human activity
Climate cycles
Predation
Recovery plans typically focus on:
Captive breeding only
Habitat protection
Predator removal
Species relocation
The Endangered Species Act:
Only protects mammals
Protects species and habitats
Only applies to U.S. species
Focuses on plants only
Habitat fragmentation:
Increases biodiversity
Reduces gene flow
Improves survival
Increases population size
Which is an abiotic factor?
Bacteria
Plants
Temperature
Animals
The rain shadow effect creates:
Rainforests
Deserts
Wetlands
Grasslands
El Niño affects:
Only South America
Global weather patterns
Only ocean temperatures
Only air pressure
Biodiversity hotspots are characterized by:
Low species diversity
High human population
High endemism
Low precipitation
Primary succession begins on:
Bare rock
Existing soil
Forest floor
Dead organisms
A climax community is:
Constantly changing
Relatively stable
Short-lived
Species-poor
The tundra biome features:
Tall trees
Year-round warm weather
Permafrost
High biodiversity
Mediterranean forests experience:
Year-round rainfall
Hot, dry summers
Tropical conditions
Constant snow cover
Island biogeography theory predicts that:
All islands have same biodiversity
Larger islands have more species
Smaller islands have more species
Distance doesn't affect biodiversity
Urban heat islands:
Decrease temperature
Increase biodiversity
Increase temperature
Have no effect on climate
