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WorksheetsScience Yearly Review
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 35mins
Which of the following statements explains the changing appearance of the moon over the course of the month?
The moon changes its appearance by the amount of light reflected on it from the Sun and its relative location from the Earth and the sun
The moon changes appearance by changing its shape over the course of the month.
The moon changes appearance by the amount of light reflected by the Earth and it's relative location to the Sun and the Earth.
The moon changes appearance by changing in both size and shape over the course of the month.
Giselle makes a model, using foam balls, to represent the events in a solar eclipse. To demonstrate this model should have which characteristic?
the ability to revolve around the central ball
a magnet in each ball
a representation of oceans on each ball
a source of thermal energy
What season is the Northern Hemisphere experiencing when it is tilted directly toward the Sun?
Fall
winter
spring
summer
What is the approximate length of time it takes the Moon to complete one lunar cycle?
14 days
29 days
180 days
365 days
What repeating cycle is responsible for the four seasons that occur on Earth?
rotation of the moon
rotation of the Sun
revolution of the sun in the galaxy
revolution of the earth about the sun
Jamil studied how the position of Earth around the Sun affects the energy available on Earth. Which BEST explains why a particular place on Earth receives more energy during summer months than winter months.
the tilt of Earth
the rotation of Earth
the distance between Earth and the Sun
the amount of rays produced by the sun
A person standing at Point X on Earth is watching a lunar eclipse. Which diagram shows the MOST likely locations of the Sun, Moon, Earth, and Point X during the eclipse?
A student made sketches of a solar eclipse every 10 minutes as shown. Which of these is MOST likely the next sketch in the sequence?
Which statement is the BEST description of the Milky Way galaxy?
a collection of gases held together by inertia
a group of planets revolving around a single star
a collection of stars and gases with the Sun as its center
a group of stars, dust, and planets held together by gravity
Which is a force that keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?
inertia
gravity
magnetism
solar energy
Which object has a gravitational force so strong that it forms the center of the solar system?
Earth
Pluto
the Moon
the Sun
The magnitude of the gravitational force between two planets depends on the
speed the planets rotate.
other nearby planets.
volume of the planets.
distance between the planets.
The pull of gravity from Earth has the greatest effect on
comets.
the Sun.
asteroids.
the Moon.
A student is using foam balls of different sizes to represent the Sun and Earth in a model.
In comparison to the foam ball used to represent the Sun, which ball will BEST represent Earth?
Ball 1
Ball 2
Ball 3
Ball 4
Two planets of the same size and composition orbit a medium-sized star in a distant solar system.
Based on their orbits, which is MOST likely when comparing Planet X to Planet Y?
Planet X has weaker gravity than Planet Y.
Planet X has shorter years than Planet Y.
Planet X has shorter days than Planet Y.
Planet X rotates faster than Planet Y.
Miranda found a table about some planets in her science book.
Which planet has a day that is longer than its year?
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Mars's Olympus Mons is pictured. The presence of this structure on the surface of Mars is evidence that
Mars was once covered with ice.
continental drift exists on Mars.
Mars has a molten subsurface layer.
large meteors have impacted Mars.
This is a chart showing the distance of five planets from the sun. Which planet would MOST likely have the highest average surface temperature?
Saturn
Mars
Earth
Jupiter
The planets of the solar system are shown. Based on planetary orbits alone, which comparison is MOST likely correct?
Mars is denser than Neptune.
Venus has a smaller tilt than Uranus.
Earth years are shorter than Saturn years.
Days on Jupiter are shorter than days on Mercury.
Environments have changed over millions of years. Which of these would be BEST for a scientist to study when investigating these environmental changes?
volcanic deposits
weather forecasts
fossil records
ocean currents
A habitat from the geologic past is being reconstructed. A researcher hypothesizes that the area was inhabited. Which discovery would MOST likely cause the researcher to change the hypothesis?
Different soil layers
fossils of marine organisms
bones of small animals
evidence of sandstone formation
Which of these provide the BEST evidence that the environment of Earth has changed over millions of years?
active migration of sand dunes
polished appearance of rock surfaces
marine fossils found in mountains
bones of animals found on the ground
The graph shows possible changes to sea level over geologic time. What did scientists MOST likely study to construct this graph?
molten magma
extrusive igneous rocks
sedimentary layers
foliated metamorphic rocks
The geologic map shows several rock formations exposed when a road is cut through a hillside. Which formation in this geological map is youngest?
1
2
3
4
A hillside along a highway has exposed layers of undisturbed sedimentary rock. Which method would be BEST for scientists to use to determine the relative age of these sedimentary rock layers?
apply the law of superposition
calculate the rate of radiometric decay
apply the law of crosscutting relationships
calculate the rate of tectonic plate movement
While digging in the side of a hill, students found fossils in the rock layers. From the fossils they uncovered, which was the MOST likely progression of environments in that area?
It was first a forest and then became a lake
It was first an ocean and then became a forest.
It was first an ocean and then became a desert.
It was first a grassland and then became a forest.
A section of rock layer is shown. The evidence in these rock layers BEST supports which conclusion?
The oldest fossils in this section of rock are trilobites.
Eurypterids are related to modern-day scorpions and crabs.
Eurypterids were the least common type of organism in this section of rock.
There is some overlap in the presence of brachiopods and ammonites on Earth.
Which statement explains the changing appearance and location of the moon indicated by the arrow?
The moon is opposite the Sun in the sky with none of the sunlit side facing Earth.
The moon is opposite the Sun in the sky with the sunlit side facing Earth.
The moon is in a position between the Sun and Earth so that none facing the Earth is illuminated.
The moon is so close to the Sun that all of the portion facing Earth is illuminated.
Meagan learned that the way earth moves around the Sun causes changes to the seasons. Which BEST explains why winter is colder than summer?
Earth spins faster on its axis in winter.
Earth is farther from the Sun in winter.
The rotation of Earth causes more wind to blow in winter.
The tilt of Earth allows less energy to be received in winter.
Earth orbiting the Sun causes
the changing of the seasons.
daily tidal cycles.
day to become night.
the phases of the Moon.
Which of the following helps keep the Moon in its orbit?
friction
gravity
longitude
latitude
Which lists the diameter of the planets in order from smallest to largest?
Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth
Venus, Earth, Mercury, Mars
Earth, Mars, Venus, Mercury
Mars, Mercury, Earth, Venus
Imprints of the shells of ocean clams are often found in the rocks of the Appalachian Mountains. What do these imprint fossils MOST likely indicate?
These mountains were once under the ocean.
These mountains once had a more rainy climate.
Mountain river clams evolved from ocean clams.
Ocean clams evolved from mountain river clams.
Hector made the diagram to show how igneous rock can change to metamorphic rock. What would be the BEST addition to the diagram?
The word "weathering" below the arrow.
The word "pressure" below the arrow.
The word "melting" below the arrow.
The word "cooling" below the arrow.
As some organisms die, their remains become buried by mud and are eventually compressed into a type of rock. Which of these is a rock type that forms from this process?
igneous
sedimentary
magma
metamorphic
Coal is formed from
seas that have evaporated.
natural gas subjected to heat.
melted and cooled metamorphic rock.
plant remains decomposed under pressure.
Which cross section BEST shows the formation of sedimentary rock?
Students are comparing different rocks. What do all rocks have in common?
Rocks are made of one or more minerals.
Rocks are made of two or more elements.
Rocks are made of magma and sediments.
Rocks are made of sand changed by pressure.
The sediments found in a riverbed are MOST likely a result of which action on nearby rock?
heat
faulting
pressure
weathering
The diagram illustrates the formation of a mountain range. What has caused the mountain range to form?
the abrasion of a glacier
the eruption of a volcano
the deposition of sediments
the collision of tectonic plates
Which of these provides the BEST evidence that Earth's crust is divided into tectonic plates?
the distribution of water on Earth's surface
the distribution of biomes on Earth's surface
the distribution of rock types on Earth's surface
the distribution of earthquakes on Earth's surface
Which of these explains how a trench can form?
two oceanic plates converging
two continental plates converging
tow continental plates diverging
two oceanic plates diverging
In studying layers of rock sediment, a geologist found an area where older rock was layered on top of younger rock. Which BEST explains how this occurred?
Earthquake activity folded the rock layers.
Volcanic eruptions destroyed a rock layer.
Erosion removed several layers of rock.
Weathering changed the layering of the rocks.
What is the MOST likely cause of the shape of the rock formation in the photograph?
weathering
volcanic action
earthquake compaction
tectonic plate movement
Which of the following BEST explains why Earth is tectonically active?
Earth's solid surface layer rotates more rapidly than the layers beneath it.
Areas of Earth's solid surface layer are under great pressure from ocean water.
Earth's solid surface layer sits on a moving, semiliquid layer.
Areas of Earth's solid surface layer are thicker and so heavier than other areas.
In 1911, Alfred Wegener read a paper discussing how identical fossils had been found on continents separated by great distances. How did this evidence contribute to the modern theory of how the continents resulted in their current shapes?
by showing that the cooling of Earth helped produce continents
by suggesting that forces have caused continents to separate over time
by showing that biological evolution is similar on separate continents
by suggesting that liquid rock in the mantle solidifies in the continental crust
Which piece of evidence supports plate tectonic theory?
plant fossils that are similar in size
the weathering and erosion of coastlines
new crust formed by seafloor spreading
rocks with different physical appearances
What MOST likely led to the formation of the North American continent?
Earthquakes broke large pieces off the edge of another continent.
Two tectonic plates sank into the ocean, allowing new continents to form.
Hurricanes caused floods that divided one continent in half.
Two tectonic plates separated and moved away from each other.
This diagram shows the water cycle. What event happens at Point 3?
Tides move the ocean water.
Waves move ocean water onto the shore.
Organisms in the ocean breathe oxygen in the water.
The Sun heats ocean water causing some to evaporate.
During evaporation, the Sun transfers energy to water. During which steps is energy released form the water?
1, 2, 3
2, 3, 4
3, 4, 1
4, 1, 2
What is the main source of energy that causes water to evaporate from the surface of Earth?
lightning
sun
gravity
wind
The picture shows the water cycle. In which part of the water cycle does water change from a liquid to a gas?
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
