WorksheetsModule 13 Biology
Total questions: 24
Worksheet time: 24mins
The respiratory system compensates for changes in the pH level by directly altering the levels of:
CO2
H2O
H2CO3
HCO3
The normal serum pH is around
6
7
8
9
Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major buffering system in extracellular fluid?
Carbon dioxide/oxygen
Carbonic acid/bicarbonate
Sodium/potassium
Hydrogen/albumin
The acid-base balance is regulated by the lungs and the:
cerebellum
electrolytes
kidneys
liver
Which of the following in NOT considered an electrolyte?
Sodium
Chloride
Glucose
Potassium
The patient who was admitted after vomiting for 3 days would show an abnormally low blood pressure because of a fluid shift from:
intracellular to interstitial
interstitial to bloodstream
bloodstream to interstitial
interstitial to intracellular
A patient who is experiencing severe diarrhea is losing excessive hydrogen ions. This patient is at risk for developing:
respiratory alkalosis.
respiratory acidosis.
metabolic alkalosis.
metabolic acidosis
The body responds to low body fluid levels and increased osmolality with what actions?
Diarrhea
Sweat
Tears
Thirst
Refers to the pathologic process causing a relative excess of acid in the body
acidosis
alkalosis
Potassium is regulated through what mechanisms?
ADH causes a retention of potassium.
Renin–angiotensin causes an increased retention of potassium.
The thalamus causes potassium secretion.
Aldosterone causes potassium loss in the kidneys.
If a patient is low on fluid volume, what reaction by the body would be the likely response?
High levels of ADH
Low levels of aldosterone
Low levels of insulin
Low levels of ADH
This is a condition where there is loss of acid and lungs excrete excessive amounts of CO2
respiratory acidosis
respiratory alkalosis
metabolic acidosis
metabolic alkalosis
A patient comes to the hospital due to a poisoning that results in an increased K+ concentration in the blood. What could be a possible outcome you have to pay attention as a nurse?
Severe thirst
Excessive vomiting
Severe headache
Cardiac arrhythmia
Water intoxication may happen due to large consumption of water in a shorter period of time. What is the correct statement regarding this condition?
In this situation water acts as a isotonic solution
Water intoxication will not cause any symptoms
Swelling of the cells will cause complications
Symptoms occur because cells shrivel and shrink
What is interstitial fluid?
Fluid inside blood vessels
Fluid that surrounds tissue cells
Fluid in the lungs
Fluid in the cells
When planning care for a dehydrated patient, the nurse remembers the principle of water balance is closely related to _____ balance.
Potassium
Chloride
Bicarbonate
Sodium
hyperparathyroidism can cause?
Hypocalcemia
Hypercalcemia
Which compartment contains ALL the fluids outside the cells?
extracellular fluid
interstitial fluid
intracellular fluid
plasma
What term refers to excess potassium in the blood?
hyperkalemia
hypokalemia
hypercalcemia
hypocalcemia
These are substances that produce electrically charge ions when dissolved in body fluids.
cations
electrolytes
anions
buffers
What effect will the kidneys reabsorbing hydrogen ions have on pH and why?
It will cause pH to decrease because it is getting rid of hydrogen from the body.
It will cause pH to increase because it is getting rid of hydrogen from the body.
It will cause pH to decrease because it is keeping hydrogen in the body.
It will cause pH to increase because it is keeping hydrogen in the body.
If the concentration of electrolytes within a cell increases, the following will occur:
Water will move out of cells and into the tissues.
Water will move from the tissues into the cells.
No changes would occur.
More electrolytes will move into the cell.
Plasma is one example of
extracellular fluid
intracellular fluid
tissue fluid
metabolic waste
