WorksheetsMacromolecules Enzymes and Properties of Water
Total questions: 26
Worksheet time: 52mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Water has a much higher specific heat than most other covalent compounds. What do you predict might happen if water had a low specific heat instead?
a)
Flooding would occur and animals would be forced to migrate
b)
Harmful organisms living in water would reproduce at a rapid rate
c)
Organisms that are sensitive to changes in temperature would die
d)
Plants would not have enough water to effectively carry out photosynthesis
2.
Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?
a)
The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
b)
The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet
c)
The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface
d)
The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next
3.
A florist places a bouquet of white carnations in water containing blue dye. After a time, the flowers turn blue. What process helped the carnations to change color?
a)
Specific heat
b)
Cohesion and adhesion
c)
Surface tension
d)
formation of covalent bonds
4.
Maria, after finding no cold sodas in the refrigerator, placed a can of soda in the freezer. She then proceeded to check her social networking site and forgot about the soda. Later that evening her brother went to get some ice and it was brown. Maria’s soda can had split open. What is the best explanation for what happened?
a)
When the water froze, the space between hydrogen molecules expanded
b)
As the water cooled, it adhered to the can, causing it to split
c)
When the water froze, it weakened the molecular bonds in the aluminum can
d)
As the water cooled, the surface tension of the water decreased and the can collapsed
5.
Water is essential for life. Its special properties make water the single most important molecule in plant life. Which of the following properties of water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
a)
Water expands as it freezes.
b)
Water is an excellent solvent.
c)
Water is able to moderate temperature.
d)
Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
6.
Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?
a)
Water is an acid.
b)
Water is a versatile solvent.
c)
Water acts as a buffer
d)
Water has a high heat capacity.
7.
Many fish and aquatic plants can survive a cold winter because the layer of ice that forms at the top of the lake insulates the water below and prevents the lake from freezing solid. What unique property of water contributes to this effect?
a)
Water forms hydrogen bonds with ions and other polar substances.
b)
Water molecules completely separate into ions in solutions
c)
they produce Water absorbs heat when it evaporates and forms a gas
d)
Water expands and becomes less dense when it freezes
8.
Water is often called the "universal solvent" because many substances can be dissolved in water. What property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent?
a)
polarity and cohesion
b)
purity
c)
high specific heat
d)
expansion upon freezing
9.
Water makes up approximately 60% of the human body and plays a vital role in regulating body temperature. Which property of water makes it good at regulating temperature?
a)
Water is a good solvent.
b)
Water exhibits strong cohesion.
c)
. Water has an unusual crystalline structure.
d)
Water has a high capacity for heat
10.
Two of the four principle classes of organic compounds are proteins and nucleic acids. What is the relationship between proteins and nucleic acids?
a)
Proteins are long polymers of nucleic acids
b)
Nucleic acids contain the information to make proteins
c)
Nucleic acids are a subset of proteins
d)
Nucleic acids use proteins for energy
11.
Resistance to antibiotics results from variations in the genetic code of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Which type of molecule encodes genetic information in Streptococcus pneumoniae?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
nucleic acid
c)
fatty acid
d)
protein.
12.
Which macromolecule makes up the majority of the cell membrane?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
lipid
13.
Baby food manufacturers sometimes use proteases in their products. Proteases catalyze the breakdown of the proteins in these foods, making digestion easier for infants. Proteases are which of the following types of molecules?
a)
fatty acid
b)
enzyme
c)
carbohydrate
d)
nucleic acid
14.
Ovalbumin is a protein found in eggs. Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of ovalbumin?
a)
a group of six carbon atoms joined in a ring.
b)
a chain of amino acids folded and twisted into a molecule
c)
a set of three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol
d)
a sequence of nitrogenous bases attached to a sugar phosphate backbone
15.
Many plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces. This coating reduces water loss because it is not water-permeable. This waxy coating is which of the following types of organic molecule?
a)
protein
b)
carbohydrate
c)
nucleic acid
d)
lipid
16.
Like complex carbohydrates, proteins are macromolecules that serve many functions and can be chemically broken down and restructured. Both proteins and complex carbohydrates are which of the following?
a)
sequence of sugars
b)
lipids of large molecules
c)
polymers of smaller subunits
d)
nucleotides of DNA
17.
What is the function of macromolecule subunit below?
a)
energy
b)
catalyst
c)
stores genetic information
d)
composes the majority of teh cell membrane
18.
The diagram below shows a monomer a macromolecule. Which type of molecule contains these monomers?
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
19.
Some bacteria live in hot springs. Their cells contain enzymes that function best at temperatures of 70 °C or higher. At the temperature of 50 °C, how will the enzymes in these bacterial cells most likely be affected?
a)
The enzymes will be destroyed by lysosomes
b)
The enzymes will lose their bond structure and fall apart
c)
The enzymes will not increase the rate of reactions as much as they would at 70 °C.
d)
The enzymes will require less energy to function than at 70 °C
20.
Many of the proteins in the human body are enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions. What is the relationship between enzymes and activation energy?
a)
When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it increases the activation energy of the reaction
b)
. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it decreases the activation energy of the reaction
c)
When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it increases the activation energy of the product.
d)
When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it does not affect the activation energy of the reaction.
21.
Meat tenderizer contains an enzyme that breaks down meat. If meat is coated with tenderizer and then placed in a refrigerator, how would the enzyme be affected?
a)
It would change the shape of the meat.
b)
It would disintegrate the meat.
c)
It would break down the meat more quickly
d)
It would break down the meat more slowly.
22.
As food travels through the digestive system, it is exposed to a variety of pH levels. The stomach has a pH of 2 due to the presence of hydrochloric acid (HC1), and the small intestine has a pH ranging from 7 to 9. HC1 converts pepsinogen into pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach. Which of the following most likely happens to pepsin as it enters the small intestine?
a)
. It begins to replicate.
b)
It becomes inactive.
c)
. Its shape changes to engulf large proteins
d)
Its activity increases to digest more proteins
23.
The graph below shows how the activity of an enzyme changes over a range of pH values. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 than around pH of 5.0.
b)
The enzyme’s activity continually increases as pH increases from 5.0 to 9.0
c)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
d)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
24.
The diagram below illustrates a biochemical process that occurs in organisms. What is another name for the substance labeled "catalyst"?
a)
antibody
b)
hormone
c)
inorganic compound
d)
enzyme
25.
The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements?
a)
Enzymes function best at a specific temperature.
b)
The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.
c)
The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action.
d)
There is no connection between the two statements.
26.
Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for many cellular reactions?
a)
The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.
b)
The reactions take up too much space in the cell if the enzymes are missing
c)
Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquids during the reactions
d)
Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions
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