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WorksheetsMicrobiology 2420 - Lecture Exam 1
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
Shared electrons between two atoms creates what type of bond?
Nuclear
Hydrogen
Ionic
Covalent
What group of biomolecules to sterols belong to?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acid
A small circular DNA molecule of nonessential genes in bacteria is called a _____.
Chromosome
Plasmid
Genome
Nucleoid
Which of these is the correct way to write a scientific name using binomial nomenclature?
Escherichia Coli
Escherichia coli
Escherichia Coli
Escherichia coli
Chains of spherical cells are ______.
staphylococci
vibrios
bacilli
streptococci
Molecules in which there is unequal sharing of electrons have _______ bonds.
ionic
hydrophobic
nonpolar covalent
polar covalent
Who developed a heating method to prevent wine from souring that is now used to kill pathogens in foods such as milk?
Hooke
Pasteur
Lister
Koch
Which allows hydrophilic solutes to pass into and out of the cell using transport proteins and does not require ATP?
osmosis
active transport
facilitated diffusion
Lysis
Which statement is NOT true about pili?
They cause the bacteria to move in a run and tumble motion.
They may be used to transfers DNA.
They are used for attachment and gliding motility.
They are composed of proteins.
____ is the ability to distinguish closely spaced objects.
Magnification
Refraction
Refraction
Resolution
The ___ stain differentiates bacteria based on whether the cell wall is thick or thin.
simple
Gram
negative
capsule
A basic dye for staining is also called a/an _________ dye.
cationic
anionic
neutral
colorless
Which group of eukaryotic microorganisms act primarily as decomposers?
Bacteria
Archaea
Fungi
Algae
Which type of microbe is not cellular?
Viruses
Archaea
Protists
Plasmids
Why is water a good solvent?
It has a low molecular weight.
It's a liquid.
It is very polar.
It is very nonpolar.
Amino acids are linked together in proteins by ____ bonds.
ester
peptide
glycosidic
sugar-phosphate
What is the general chemical formula for monosaccharides?
(CH2O)n
C6H12O6
CHNOPS
CH3(CH2)nCOOH
Put the levels of polypeptide and protein structure in order from primary to quaternary:
2-1-4-3
1-2-3-4
4-3-2-1
2-1-3-4
Which microbiome is comprised of microbes living in the ocean?
Soil
Atmospheric
Deep Earth
Marine
Sequence the following from smallest to largest size:
A. PROTOZOA
B. VIRUSES
C. PROKARYOTES
D. MOLECULE
D-B-C-A
D-C-B-A
D-A-B-C
D-B-A-C
Where are teichoic acids found in prokaryotic cells?
cytoplasm of archaea
cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria
outer membrane of Gram-negative cells
cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria
Which of these is NOT a property shared by all living organisms:
Information used for cell function and reproduction stored in DNA
Evolutionary adaptation
Response to stimuli
Ability to perform photosynthesis
Which group is found in the broadest range of environments, including some extreme environments?
Archaea
Fungi
Plants
Animals
What type of microscopy is best to view internal structures of cells and viruses at magnifications of 20,000x or higher?
Brightfield light microscopy
Phase-contrast light microscopy
Transmission electron microscopy
Scanning electron microscopy
Microorganisms capable of causing disease are _______.
prokaryotes
normal microbiota
endosymbionts
pathogens
Monosaccharides are joined together by _____ bonds.
hydrogen
glycosidic
saccharide
peptide
Which of these is NOT a lipid?
triglyceride
cholesterol
wax
ATP
Nucleotides are composed of pentose sugar, phosphate, and ________.
fatty acid
nitrogenous base
amino acid
triglyceride
The acid-fast technique is used to identify a certain genus of bacteria because their cell walls contain ________.
peptidoglycan
teichoic acid
mycolic acid
lipopolysaccharide
Which type of reaction is used to form covalent bonds between monomer subunits or components of biomolecules? (hint: forms bonds while losing a water molecule)
Osmotic
Hydrolysis
Dehydration
H-bond
Who developed a set of guidelines for determining a specific microbe caused a specific disease?
Louis Pasteur
Robert Hooke
Anton von Leeuwenhoek
Robert Koch
3-1-2-4
1-2-3-4
4-3-2-1
3-2-1-4
Which scientist first proposed the germ theory of disease?
Joseph Lister
Louis Pasteur
Ignaz Semmelweis
Robert Koch
Compared to saliva (pH 6), vinegar (pH 3) has a H+ concentration _______ than saliva.
half as much
1000x greater
30x greater
unable to determine
Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons are called:
isotopes
ions
acids
inert elements
What is the name of the microbiome consisting of microbial communities living in and on our bodies?
Human
Marine
Atmospheric
Pathogenic
Anions have a __________ charge with _________ electrons than protons.
positive, fewer
negative, fewer
positive, more
negative, more
The tertiary structure of a protein is its:
amino acid sequence.
3-D shape.
assembly from two or more polypeptide chains.
initial folding of the polypeptide using only H-bonds.
Most atoms found in molecules and salts prefer to have ___ electrons in their outer shell.
2
8
1-6
14
The primary function of nucleic acids is:
genetic information.
act as enzymes.
structural support.
selective barrier.
Which of these is NOT a type of organic molecule found living organisms?
lipids
proteins
salts
nucleic acids
Members of this group can live in extreme environments like hot springs at Yellowstone or extreme salt of the Dead Sea.
Fungi
Protozoa
Bacteria
Archaea
The primary structural component of bacterial cell walls is
peptidoglycan
pseudopeptidoglycan
chitin
cellulose
Which type of microscopy that has the greatest resolution?
Bright field
fluorescence
TEM
SEM
Which type of microscopy uses UV light to excite a dye?
fluorescence microscopy
phase-contrast microscopy
brightfield microscopy
transmission electron microscopy
Cell membranes are composed mostly of:
proteins and carbohydrates
phospholipids and proteins
triglycerides and sterols
lipopolysaccharides
Chemicals that reduce changes in pH are _____.
bases
acids
nonpolar
buffers
Which component is unique among the 20 types of amino acids?
R group
Carboxyl group
Amino group
Central carbon
Archaeal cell walls are ____ compared to bacterial cell walls.
identical
chemically different, but functionally similar
much thinner and less complex
more like eukaryotic membranes
Who first observed bacteria and "animalcules"?
Robert Hooke
Antoni von Leeuwenhoek
Carollus Linnaeus
Louis Pasteur
