WorksheetsEvolution Review
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 1hrs 29mins
Refer to the figure. Are Domestic Dog and the Wolf Spiders in the same class?
Yes
No
What is the human most closely related to?
Fish
mouse
Salamander
Human
According to this tree, which of these animal phyla are most closely related?
Arthropoda & Mollusca
Arthropoda & Chordata
Chordata & Mollusca
Where is the alligator and T. rex's common ancestor?
Point A
Point B
Point C
Point D
The diagram below represents possible genetic relationships between groups of organisms.
Which statement is a valid conclusion that can be drawn from the diagram?
Insects are more complex than mammals.
Earthworms and sea stars have a common ancestor.
Snails appeared on Earth before corals.
Sponges were the last new species to appear on Earth.
What do both the squirrel and lion have in common that the other animals do not?
They are both vertebrates
They both have lungs
They are both mammals
They both lose their canine teeth.
What do amphibians, birds, prosimians and humans all have in common? Check all that apply.
Hair
Endothermic
Eukaryotic
Tetrapod
Vertebrate
Which letter represents the most recent common ancestor of sponges and mushrooms?
A
B
C
D
E
Which trait should go where A is on the cladogram?
eyes
feet
lips
hat
This makes an organism more suited to its environment
species
lifespan
adaptation
mutation
Evolution
Natural Selection
Extinction
Artifical Selection
The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily
Natural Selection
Variation
Homeostasis
Extinction
Animals and plants can choose to adapt to their environment and the effects of natural selection can usually be seen in a very short time.
True
False
The _________________ _________________ occurs when there is a reduction in population due to natural disasters, over hunting or disease.
founder effect
gene flow
bottleneck effect
genetic drift
In which of the following populations would genetic drift be most likely to cause a rapid evolution of the population?
The human population of India
A large population of Mexican free-tailed bats living in central Texas
A geographically isolated population of 5000 green tree frogs
A small group of 12 cheetahs living in Namibia
As a population recovers from reduction due to the bottleneck effect, the population will experience -
a loss of genetic dicversity.
migration.
no change to allele frequency.
genetic regulation.
Genetic drift occurs most quickly in -
small populations.
populations with large genetic variation.
populations with small genetic variation.
large populations.
What is gene flow?
The addition or removal of alleles in a population due to individuals entering or leaving one population for another
A change in allele frequencies when a new population arises from only a few individuals
A reduction in population caused by natural disasters, disease, hunting, etc.
A change in the gene pool due to chance
Select all answers below that describe the founder effect.
Changes allele frequencies
Occurs when a new population arises from only a few individuals
Can result in a loss of genetic diversity
Is caused by a disaster that kills off most individuals in a population
Which of the following could not be a possible cause of the bottleneck effect?
Overhunting of northern elephant seals
A forest fire that destroys most of a population of deer
A crop that is destroyed by blight
A small group of fish that are added to a pond
What is genetic drift?
A population for which the gene frequencies do not change
A change in allele frequencies due to selection
The addition or removal of alleles in a population due to individuals entering or leaving one population for another
A change in the gene pool due to chance
Vestigial structures
structures that perform a similar function but are not similar in origin
remnants of once-important structures that have slowly lost all or most of their function
features found in different organisms that share structural similarities but may have very different functions
preserved remains of an organism
Why is it important to finish ALL of an antibiotic, even if you feel better?
If all of the infectious bacteria are not killed, the bacteria may continue to multiply. Some of these bacteria may have a mutation that makes them resistant to the antibiotic. This could cause resistant bacteria to spread.
If all of the antibiotic is not used, the surviving bacteria may learn how to fight off the antibiotic, causing the sickness to get even worse.
If all of the antibiotic is not used, the bacteria may begin ingesting your skin cells, causing a new sickness to arise.
If all of the antibiotic is not used, the surviving bacteria may cooperate with other infectious bacteria, resulting in two separate infections at the same time.
__________ is a pattern of new species evolving during short periods of rapid change.
gradualism
isolation
mate or reproduce
punctuated equilibrium
__________ is a pattern of new species forming over very long periods of time.
gradualism
isolation
mate or reproduce
punctuated equilibrium
Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram
The picture shows a/an ___________
homologous structure
vestigial structure
What is this an example of?
Homologous structure
Analogous structure
Vestigial organs
Functional adaption
What best describes the hind leg bones seen in the whale?
The bones are analogous structures to the fins of living fish.
The bones are vestigial structures that had a function in an ancestor.
The bones are homologous structures to the wings of butterflies.
The bones are fossil structures from an extinct ancestor.
Which structure is shown in the picture?
analogous structure
homologous structure
vestigial structure
DNA
The base sequence in the DNA of chimpanzees and humans is 99% similar. What type of evidence for evolution is this?
molecular evidence
comparing anatomy
comparing embryos
fossil evidence
If two organisms have similar traits of DNA they probably share a common...
ancestor
environment
population
The amino acid sequence for a protein was compared between three species. Species A and B had 2 differences, Species A and C had 6 difference, & Species B and C had 4 differences. Which species are most closely related?
A and B
A and C
B and C
All species are equally related
Any difference between organisms of the same species
Diversity
Missing Link
Mutation
Variation
A process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others of the same species.
Adaptation
Natural Selection
Darwin
Mutation
The theory that species evolve during short periods of rapid change.
Gradualism
Punctuated equilibrium
Adaptation
Half Life
The theory that evolution occurs slowly but steadily.
Gradualism
Punctuated equilibria
Half Life
Adaptation
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
Unnoticed by the crew, a few hundred beetles were transported to an island in a series of crates as part of the ship's cargo. The beetles were not native to that island prior to the event and no beetles were present on the island before this event.
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Mutation
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
In a savanna with many tall trees, giraffes with slightly longer necks can reach higher branches and access more food. Shorter-necked giraffes, on the other hand, struggle to reach the food and are less likely to survive during times of drought when food is scarce. Over generations, giraffes with longer necks become more prevalent in the population.
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Mutation
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
A series of forest fires burned through the valleys and most of the established population of butterflies were destroyed. The butterflies had been mostly cream colored with black spots. Some members of the population were cream colored with brown spots. After a few years the population had returned to its previous level but now most of the butterflies are cream with brown spots.
Genetic Drift - Founder Effect
Genetic Drift - Bottleneck Effect
Gene Flow
Mutation
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
A group of birds from one population migrates to a different region where they mate with a local population. This introduces new genetic material to the local gene pool
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift - Founder Effect
Gene Flow
Genetic Drift - Bottleneck Effect
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
A new allele of a gene has occurred in the second generation of a population of beetles. This allele was caused by a change in nitrogen bases leading to the production of a different amino acid sequence. All the off spring with this new allele are yellow instead of green.
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Mutation
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
In the early 19th century, the northern elephant seal population was heavily hunted by humans, reducing the population to less than 100 individuals by the 1890s. The population has since recovered, but the bottleneck event has decreased the population's genetic diversity.
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift - Bottleneck Effect
Genetic Drift - Founder Effect
Mutation
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
Some spotted gecko lizard eggs became wind-borne in a hurricane and were transported to an area where spotted gecko lizards had an established population. Most did not survive the journey, but a few hatched, and interbred and with the original population increasing genetic variation.
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Mutation
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
In a forest near a city during the industrial revolution, light-colored peppered moths are more common, blending in with the pale bark of trees. However, as pollution darkens the tree bark with soot, the lighter moths become easier targets for predators. Over time, dark-colored moths become more common in the population, as they are better camouflaged against the soot-covered trees.
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Mutation
Identify the Mechanism of evolution in the scenario below:
A bee carries pollen from one flower to another in a different field. The transfer of pollen between two distinct plant populations allows for the exchange of genetic material
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Mutation
Which is the best conclusion that can be made about these horses over time?
The environments in which the horses lived have remained unchanged.
Favorable mutations in genes resulted in physical changes to the horses.
Dietary changes caused the physical changes to the horses.
Which moth has a biological adaptation for survival in this environment?
The darker colored moth, due to its larger wing size
The lighter colored moth, due to its decreased visibility
The darker colored moth, because it has more predators
When Darwin observed finches on islands in the Pacific, he noted that the beaks of the birds on islands with lots of seeds were different from the beaks of the birds on islands with lots of insects. How did their beaks come to match the food in their environments so well?
The food supply on the islands changed to match the birds’ beaks.
The predators on the islands eliminated the birds with the “wrong” beaks.
The birds with the “right” beaks for the food supply had more young.
During drought years on the Galapagos, small, easily eaten seeds become rare leaving only large, hard-cased seeds that only birds with large beaks can eat. If a drought persists for several years, then what should one expect to result from natural selection?
birds with larger beaks
birds with smaller beaks
birds with medium beaks
birds with large and small beaks
Describe the effect on evolution demonstrated by the spraying of pesticides over many generations.
All of the insects died out after the first spraying and none of the insects pass on traits.
All of the insects survived after the first spraying and the population is unchanged.
The insects had variations which allowed some to survive the first round of spraying. They passed on their traits to their offspring.
The second generation of insects was highly susceptible to the pesticide causing rapid reduction in the population.
This is an example of
Non-random mating
Genetic equilibrium
Gene flow
Genetic drift
The diagram shows a random change in the population due to chance, which is:
The peppered moth, Biston betularia, has two formsa white-bodied form and a dark-bodied form.The graph provided shows data on the populations of the two forms of moth in the same habitat over nearly 20 years.
Which of the periods on the graph could be most reasonably intertrepted to demonstrate variations due to genetic drift?
Years 0 - 4
Years 4 - 8
Years 8 - 13
Years 13 - 19
Rapid Changes in a short period of time followed by stasis.
Gene Flow
Genetic Drift
Gradualism
Punctuated Equilibrium
Which organism is the least related to the human?
Monkey
Mouse
Bear
Shrew
Which organism is the most related to the human?
Monkey
Mouse
Bear
Shrew
According to the chart which two organisms are the most related?
Horse and Frog
Frog and Shark
Monkey and Human
Human and Horse
