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Cycles and Relationships Study Guide

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How does water leave the plant if plants don't store up water?

a)

The roots get rid of excess water.

b)

Most plants DO store water.

c)

It is released from the leaves by TRANSPIRATION.

2.

What causes drops to form on a cold pitcher of lemonade?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

3.

What process is exemplified by snowflakes drifting to the ground?

a)

Precipitation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Condensation

4.

During a drought, what process causes a pond to shrink in size?

a)

Precipitation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Condensation

5.

What is involved in the water cycle?

a)

when clouds form

b)

the movement of water on, above, or below the surface of the Earth

c)

when water melts

d)

the 3 forms of water

6.

What is the process called that is the reverse of condensation?

a)

evaporation

b)

runoff

c)

precipitation

d)

transpiration

7.

Which of the following are examples of precipitation?

a)

Rain, snow, sleet, and hail

b)

Evaporation

c)

Condensation

d)

Accumulation

8.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
9.

What is the main energy source driving the water cycle?

a)

the moon

b)

the sun

c)

water

d)

the earth

10.

What is the process called when water heats up and changes from a liquid to a gas?

a)

Condensation

b)

Runoff

c)

Precipitation

d)

Evaporation

11.

What is the process called when water cools and changes from a gas to a liquid?

a)

Condensation

b)

Runoff

c)

Precipitation

d)

Evaporation

12.

When water evaporates, what does it become?

a)

water vapor

b)

clouds

c)

rain

13.

What is the term for water that travels across the surface of the earth?

a)

runoff water

b)

ground water

c)

surface water

14.

Does the carbon cycle ensure that all carbon is perpetually recycled?
TRUE or FALSE?

a)

True

b)

False

15.

What is the term for the release of excess water as water vapor from the aerial parts of plants?

a)

Transpiration

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Respiration

d)

Guttation

16.

In what way is the water cycle similar to the carbon cycle?

a)

Both involve the transfer of substances between animals, plants, and the Earth.

b)

Neither process works at low temperature.

c)

Both involve liquid substances falling to the Earth from the atmosphere?

d)

Both involve the transfer of substances between the earth and outer space.

17.

Where is carbon located?

a)

In fossil fuels

b)

In the atmosphere

c)

Within the soil

d)

In all of the above

18.

Which carbon reservoir encompasses all Earth's water, including oceans, rivers, streams, clouds, and underground water supplies?

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Lithosphere

19.

Which of the following reservoirs of carbon consists of all living organisms on Earth?

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Lithosphere

20.

Animals release _____ and take in _____ during the process of respiration. 

a)

oxygen, carbon dioxide

b)

photosynthesis, air

c)

carbon, oxygen

d)

oxygen

21.

What is the essential gas released by animals that supports plant life?

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Oxygen

c)

Sunlight

d)

Water

22.

Which of the following processes adds carbon to the atmosphere?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Animal respiration (Breathing)

c)

Volcanic eruption

d)

Burning fossil fuels

23.

What role do plants play in enhancing air quality for humans and animals?

a)

Plants absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen

b)

Plants consume oxygen from the air to produce their own food

c)

Plants emit pollution into the atmosphere

d)

Plants absorb oxygen and emit carbon dioxide

24.

In what way does deforestation play a role in global warming?

a)

By eliminating shade that helps counteract global warming

b)

By removing trees that absorb carbon dioxide, leading to more carbon in the atmosphere

c)

By preventing trees from draining greenhouse gases like methane from the soil

d)

By stopping trees from absorbing the sun's energy without radiating it back

25.

What are the negative impacts of burning fossil fuels?

a)

they cause cancer

b)

it increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

c)

this would destroy fossils

d)

They can get extremely hot

26.

What organism plays a crucial role in transforming nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

fungi

b)

bacteria

c)

car exhaust

d)

rain

27.

What is the process called where nitrogen circulates and is recycled?

a)

The nitrogen cycle

b)

The carbon cycle

c)

The water cycle

d)

The phosphorus cycle

28.

In what ways is nitrogen transformed into a usable form for plants?

a)

Only through bacterial action

b)

Through both bacterial action and lightning

c)

Through the process of photosynthesis

d)

Only through lightning

29.

In what way do animals acquire the nitrogen essential for their survival?

a)

From the food they eat

b)

From the air they breathe

c)

From the sun

d)

From the water they drink

30.

Which gas constitutes the majority, 78%, of the Earth's atmosphere?

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Oxygen

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Carbon Dioxide

31.

What is the process that transforms nitrogen gas into compounds that can be used by living organisms?

a)

ammonia

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

denitrification

d)

nitrogen composition

32.

Which of the following represents nitrogen's chemical formula in the atmosphere?

a)

NH3

b)

N2

c)

NO3

d)

N

33.

When dead plant and animal matter breaks down, which process releases nitrogen back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

34.

Nitrogen from the air cannot be used directly by plants and animals.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

Plants absorb according to this diagram

a)

nitrates

b)

nitrogen fixing bacteria

c)

animals

d)

decomposers

36.

Is it true that plants can utilize nitrogen fixed from the atmosphere by bacteria?

a)

True

b)

False

37.

What cycle is shown in the image?

a)

The Water cycle

b)

The Carbon cycle

c)

The Nitrogen cycle

d)

The Phosphorus cycle

38.

Combustion is another term for __________.

a)

Burning

b)

Respiration

c)

Transportation

d)

Fossil Fuels

39.

These areas are very dry and receive very little rainfall. During the day, temperatures can rise above 100 degrees Fahrenheit (F), while at night, they can drop into the 40s and 50s (F). What are these areas called?

a)

tangias

b)

deserts

c)

tundra

d)

grasslands

40.

They have the largest variety of plant and animal life. Found near the equator, they are very warm and very wet. Some of them can get as much as 400 inches of rain every year.

a)

desert rain forest

b)

tropical rain forest

c)

arctic rain forest

d)

temperate rain forests

41.

Located along the coasts in regions such as the northwestern United States, these forests are much cooler than tropical rain forests but can be very wet.

a)

pine forest

b)

subtropical rainforest

c)

rainbow forest

d)

temperate rain forest

42.

These forests experience changing seasons, with warm summers and cold winters. In autumn, the leaves change color and fall off in winter.

a)

redwood forest

b)

temperate deciduous forest

c)

seasonal forests

d)

temperate devious forest

43.

Near the North Pole, this biome is the coldest, characterized by a thin soil layer over permafrost, a permanently frozen ground that never thaws. The temperature stays below freezing most of the year, with minimal rainfall.

a)

tangia

b)

arctic

c)

tundra

d)

subpermafrost

44.

What covers 70% of the Earth's surface?

a)

Marine biome

b)

Saltwater biome

c)

Freshwater biome

d)

Mariner biome

45.

are the largest biomes on Earth. They can be warm or cold. They are home to plants like seaweed and animals like fish, whales, turtles and sponges.

a)

oceans

b)

ponds

c)

lakes

d)

ice islands

46.

are rivers, lakes, streams and ponds. They are home to animals like fish, frogs and birds. Many plants grow in or near

a)

saltwater biome

b)

brackish biome

c)

freshwater biome

d)

brine bioms

47.
Which biome has deciduous trees (which lose their leaves)?
a)
Temperate Forest
b)
Rainforest
c)
Grasslands
d)
Taiga
48.
Which biome has coniferous trees (which don't lose their leaves)?
a)
Taiga
b)
Temperate Forest
c)
Tundra
d)
Grasslands
49.
Which biome is home to cacti, scorpions, coyotes, kangaroo rats, and lizards?
a)
Desert
b)
Grasslands
c)
Temperate Forest
d)
Taiga
50.
Abiotic factors are parts of the environment that are...
a)
Nonliving 
b)
Living
c)
Populations
d)
Vegetation
51.

In which biome would you find giraffes and elephants?

a)

desert

b)

deciduous forest

c)

savanna

d)

tundra

52.
Antonio and Javier are astronauts in space looking back at Earth and discussing how all the life on Earth interacts with each other as well as the nonliving things. What level of organization are they discussing?
a)
A community
b)
A biome
c)
An ecosystem
d)
A biosphere
53.

Jacob is going out to his grandparents farm. On the farm is a stream that he likes to fish in. While he is fishing he sees many different species of fish as well as maple and oak trees and dragonflies. What Jacob is seeing is an example of what level of organization?

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

54.

What are the ecological levels of organization from smallest to the largest?

a)

organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

b)

organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

c)

organism, population, community, biome, ecosystem, ecosphere.

d)

organism, community, population, biome, ecosystem, ecosphere

55.
Antonio and Javier are astronauts in space looking back at Earth and discussing how all the life on Earth interacts with each other as well as the nonliving things. What level of organization are they discussing?
a)
A community
b)
A biome
c)
An ecosystem
d)
A biosphere
56.
What is the ecological relationship shown in this image of a robberfly and beetle?
a)
Cooperation
b)
Parasitism
c)
Predator-prey
d)
Competition
57.
What term best describes the vole, the small rodent, in this image?
a)
Prey
b)
Predator
c)
Producer
d)
Competition
58.
What term best describes the grasshopper?
a)
Herbivore
b)
Predator-prey
c)
Competition
d)
Producer
59.
Chickens will eat both insects and seeds. Which term best describes this feeding pattern?
a)
Omnivore
b)
Carnivore
c)
Herbivore
d)
Producer
60.

Bacterias that decompose dead plants release _____________ back into the atmosphere.

a)

water

b)

nitrogen

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon

61.

Organisms that die in the ocean may __________ to the bottom and form limestone rock of a period of time.

a)

sink

b)

float

c)

rise

d)

increase

62.

Burning fossil fuels has raised the concentration of ___________ in the atmosphere.

a)

oxygen

b)

rain

c)

carbon

d)

nitrogen

63.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
64.

What is intraspecific competition?

a)

Two or more species trying to utilize a limited resource at the expense of the other species

b)

All of these

c)

Animals within the same species trying to utilize a limited resource at the expense of other animals within the species

d)

Animals of the same species trying to prey on one another

65.
A tick and a dog have this type of relationship.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
neutralism
d)
parasitism
66.
Cattle egrets are birds that forage in fields among cattle. The egrets get easy access to food and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
67.
Red-billed oxpeckers are birds that feed on parasites found on an impala. The impala gets rid of parasites and the red-billed oxpeckers get a yummy dinner. This is an example of _______.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
neutralism
d)
competition
68.

A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Competition

c)

Parasitsm

d)

Commensalism

69.
Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from the spruce tree to the tree's detriment (harm). 
a)
Mutualsim 
b)
Parasitism 
c)
Commensalism 
70.
a relationship that occurs when two or more organims of the same species need the same resource at the same time
a)
competition
b)
symbiosis
c)
predation
71.

A cuckoo and a warbler are both birds. A cuckoo will find the nest of warbler instead of building her own, and she harms the warbler by knocking a warbler egg out of nest and laying her own. When the warbler mother returns, she isn’t aware of the switch. The warbler will then raise the baby cuckoo bird instead of her own baby. Which term best describes this relationship?

a)

Predation

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Mutualism

72.

Ostriches and gazelles are two animals that live in Africa. They graze for food near each other because they help each other spot predators. The gazelle has excellent eyesight, but poor hearing, and the ostrich has excellent hearing, but poor eyesight. These two animals will alert one another when danger is near. Which term best describes this relationship?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Mutualism

d)

Parasitism

73.

What type of relationship exists when one organism benefits while the other is unaffected?

a)

Parasitism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Mutualism

d)

Coevolution

74.

The relationship between a tick and a deer is an example of:

a)

Commensalism

b)

Coevolution

c)

Parasitism

d)

Mutualism

75.

In which relationship do both organisms benefit from the interaction?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Competition