You are asked to rule out the presence of a recanalized paraumbilical. Which anatomic structure is a useful landmark in location of this structure?

You have detected a mass anterior and to the left of the ligamentum venosum. This mass is located in what lobe of the liver?

All of the following are sonographic appearance of cavernous hemangioma except

A patient is referred with RUQ tenderness and a history of oral contraceptive use. A solid hypoechoic mass is identified in the Rt lobe of the liver. Color Doppler reveals hypervascularity of the mass. Which of the following scenarios is most likely?

A liver ultrasound on a 49 yr old obese male demonstrates diffuse increased echogenicity with a focal hypoechoic area anterior to the portal vein. This most likely represents

You are scanning a patient with suspected liver cirrhosis. All of the following are sonographic features of cirrhosis except

An ultrasound evaluation of liver cirrhosis should include a search for which associated complication?

Ultrasound findings of an abdominal study on a 51 yr old female include enlargement of the hepatic veins and IVC in an otherwise normal appearing liver. These findings are most consistent with which of the following?

Focal fatty liver is most commonly found in which location?

A 52 yr old male with known liver cirrhosis presents for an abdominal ultrasound. You will carefully evaluate the liver to rule out the presence of any focal mass because of which statement below?

You have examined a patient with a diagnosis of acute hepatitis. What are the ultrasound features correlates to this diagnosis?

A patient is referred to rule out hepatomegaly. All of the following are useful indicators of hepatomegaly except

You have identified a single homogeneous hyperechoic lesion measuring 2.4cm in the posterior aspect of the right lobe of the liver. What is the most common etiology of a mass fitting this description?

A patient is referred for a sonogram of the liver to rule out metastatic disease. Which of the following describes the sonographic appearance of liver metastasis?

A single large, well defined mass with smooth walls and homogeneous low level echoes are seen within the anterior right lobe of the liver in a 48 yr old female. No Doppler signals could be obtained within the mass. Which of the following conditions is the most likely etiology of this mass?

You are scanning a patient with a history of fever, abnormal liver function tests, and RUQ tenderness. The liver is enlarged with increased echogenicity, the gallbladder wall is thickened and thick echogenic bands are noted surrounding the portal veins. Which of the following conditions is most likely?

You are evaluating a suspicious lesion to look for gas bubbles to confirm the presence of liver abscess in a patient with fever and increased WBC count. What is the sonographic appearance of the gas bubbles.

Which of the following is associated with infestation by a parasite and is most prevalent in sheep and cattle-raising countries?

You are scanning the liver and notice irregularity of the surface. A nodular liver surface is associated with which of the following abnormalities?

The most common benign tumor in the liver is

Which of the following is most commonly associated with invasion of the portal vein?

You have been asked to perform a liver sonogram on a patient with AIDS. Which of the following tumors is most commonly associated with this history?

You are scanning a 53 yr old female with a history of recent weight loss and vague abdominal pain. The liver is markedly heterogeneous and contains numerous calcified lesions. This most likely represents metastatic disease from which primary?

During an ultrasound evaluation of the liver, a bull's eye or target lesion is identified in the anterior right lobe. The most likely etiology of this mass is

You are performing an ultrasound exam on a young female and notice a well defined solitary mass with a central scar measuring 4cm in diameter. Color Doppler reveals prominent blood vessels coursing within the scar. This most likely represents

You are performing a liver sonogram on a young female with right upper quadrant pain, sudden onset ascites and hepatomegaly. You have obtained transverse and sagittal images of the liver, common bile duct, and gallbladder according to your protocol. What else should you do?

Which of the following is not true regarding cavernous hemangiomas?

Hepatofugal flow in the portal vein is a sign of

A patient is referred for abdominal ultrasound with a high fever and RUQ pain. You document the presence of a large, rounded, homogeneous mass with low level internal echoes and poorly defined borders. The mass is located in the right lobe of the liver, adjacent to the capsule and shows increased through transmission. This most likely represents

You are scanning a patient with known liver cirrhosis and notice a focal mass within the posterior right lobe. What laboratory test would be most helpful in determining if this mass is hepatocellular carcinoma?

You have been asked to perform an ultrasound to rule out the presence of Budd-Chiari syndrome. You will tailor your exam to include which of the following?

You are scanning a patient with liver cirrhosis and suspected portal hypertension. In this study, assessment of the size of which of the following is most important?

A recanalized paraumbilical vein may be seen as a result of which of the following

Which of the following would not be a sonographic finding of Budd-Chiari syndrome?

Which measurement below is the diagnostic cutoff for portal vein enlargement?

You are performing an ultrasound exam in a patient with a history of alcoholic liver cirrhosis. You have documented the presence of splenomegaly and dilated veins at the splenic hilum. Considering the patient's history and findings, what else should you look for?

You are scanning a patient with an enlarged caudate lobe and shrunken right lobe. What diffuse liver process should you suspect?

You are scanning an obese patient to rule out fatty liver. Which of the following describes a common sonographic appearance of this condition?

'Water lily sign' is a sonographic feature of

Passive hepatic congestion is developed due to

Sonographic findings of the 'Hepatic candidiasis' are

The image above represents

A 51 yr old man is seen at the radiology department for an abdominal ultrasound. He has elevated liver enzymes levels and increasing abdominal girth. No previous films are available for comparison. History included cholecystectomy complicated by biliary obstruction 5 years previously. The abdominal ultrasound reveals a homogeneous liver with increased echogenicity. No distinct solid or cystic masses are noted, but free fluid is noted within the abdomen. The hepatic vasculature is difficult to evaluate and the hepatic parenchyma is difficult to penetrate. Which of the following would be the best diagnosis for this patient

A 41 yr old woman with long standing cirrhosis undergoes an abdominal ultrasound scan. serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels are elevated. The liver is small and difficult to penetrate. A sonolucent area is noted between the lateral and medial segment of left lobe and shows flow with color Doppler. Based on these findings what is the most likely diagnosis.

A 38 yr old woman with a history of Glycogen storage disease is seen for an abdominal ultrasound because of RUQ pain. Two hyperechoic lesions are identified in the liver. Doppler reveals flow around the periphery of each of the lesions. This would be most consistent with which of the following?

A solitary anechoic lesion is identified in the Rt lobe of a 50 yr old woman. The lesion is 2.5cm with smooth walls and acoustic enhancement. The patient is asymptomatic. The remainder of the ultrasound is unremarkable. The anechoic lesion most likely represents

A Splenorenal shunt

A 27 year old man undergoes a RUQ ultrasound in the emergency room. The patient has RUQ pain, elevated liver enzymes, and a history of drug abuse. Ultrasound reveals a hypoechoic liver with no distinct masses. Which of the following would be the best diagnosis for this patient?

The most common benign liver tumor associated with glycogen storage disease is