The leader who brought Christianity to the Franks was:

The person who was chiefly responsible for increasing the Church's secular (non-religious) role during the Middle Ages was:

The achievement for which Charlemagne is most remembered was:

The Treaty of Verdun resulted in:

By 814, what was the extent of Charlemagne's empire (north to south, east to west)?

To adapt to rural conditions during the middle ages, the Church built religious communities called ______________________ where Christian men called __________ gave up their private possessions and devoted their lives to serving God and creating illuminated manuscripts, such as the one shown here.

What was the ethnic background of the Vikings?

Which of the following groups was called the Northmen?

Which of the following groups were Turkish nomads?

Under the system of feudalism, a fief belonged to which category?

In the feudal system, a tithe represented what part of a peasant's income?

A tithe was a payment made to which type of person?

In the feudal system, what was a manor?

Use the map to answer the question: What lands did the Vikings raid? Check all that apply:

The Code of Chivalry required knights to be loyal, brave, and courteous. All knights, without exception, were able to meet these high standards.

Which invaders' inland routes tended to follow rivers?

How were feudalism and the manor system related?

Knights most commonly traded military service for

Troubadours were

Eleanor of Aquitaine is famous for

The Song of Roland is an epic poem about a battle between French knights and

During the Middle Ages, the lowest-ranking members of the clergy were

A knight was expected to fight bravely in defense of three masters, including

All of the following could be said about the tournaments held in the Middle Ages EXCEPT that they were

Which of the following is a synonym for serf?

One example of a sacrament is

In 1100, The Holy Roman Empire covered most of:

Canon law deals with issues under the authority of:

Emperor Henry IV's punishment for defying the pope was:

The person who was so famous for his red beard that he was nicknamed Barbarossa was:

What did knights receive in exchange for their pledge of loyalty to a lord?

What did knights receive in exchange for their pledge of loyalty to a lord?

What was manorialism?

What brought stability to Western Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?

What caused the growth of feudalism in Europe during the Middle Ages?

Under manorialism, who did most of the actual work on the landholdings of the lords?

Which would be the most accurate description of a vassal?

How did feudalism help to create nation-states in Western Europe?

Why did Europeans in the Middle Ages turn towards feudalism?

Which of the following could be considered vassals under the feudal system?

What was a major characteristic of the Middle Ages in Western Europe?

"Serfs were tied to the land."

What does the above statement mean?

Which of the following contributed to the growth of feudalism in Europe?

What does this diagram reveal about the feudal system?

The era in European history that followed the fall of the Roman Empire, lasting from about 500 to 1500 also called the medieval period.

Germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul /rough.y the area now occupied by France) and established a great empire during the Middle Ages.

A religious community of men (called monks) who have given up their possessions to devote themselves to a life of prayer and warship

Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters

A dynasty of Frankish rulers lasting from A.D. 75 to 987.

A series of rulers from a single family.

In feudal Europe, a person who controlled land and could therefore grant estates to vassals.

An estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe.

In feudal Europe, a person who received a grant of land from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and service.

in medieval Europe, an armored warrior who fought on horseback.

A medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord's estate.

A lord's estate in feudal Europe.

A family's payment of one-tenth of its income.

A code of behavior for knights in medieval Europe, stressing ideals such as courage, loyalty, and devotion.

A mock battle between groups of knight.

A medieval poet and musician who traveled from place to place, entertaining people with songs courtly love.

a body of officials who preform religious services-such as priests, ministers, and rabbis.

One of the Christian ceremonies in which God's grace is transmitted to people

law the body of laws governing the religious practices of a Christian church.

An empire established in Europe in the 10th century A.D., originally consisting mainly of lands in what is now Germany and Italy.

The appointment of religious officials by kings or nobles.

Political system used during Middle Ages where land was exchanged for loyalty and service.

Another name for a king or queen.

A land owner in the Middle Ages who is in charge of the people on his land and the lesser lords he gave land to.

A piece of land given from lord to a lesser lord.

Upper class land owners

A lesser lord who accepts land from a more powerful lord and pledges loyalty and service to that lord

A nobleman who was trained as a warrior and lived their live according to a code of chivalry

Young man from the age of 14-18 who was a servant to a knight and was also training to become a knight

Lower class during the Middle Ages who worked on a manor in exchange for protection.

A peasant who was bound to the land

The village where nobles and peasants lived, also where all the economic activity took place during the Middle Ages.

Men who lived in a religious community who take vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience

Place where monks live and study

Title given to a young boy, ages 7-13, who was training to become a knight

Code of conduct which a knight swore to uphold

Event where knights would ride towards each other with blunted lances (long poles) in attempt to knock each other off of their horse

A tax of one-tenth of a person's produce or earnings given to the church

A piece of land which is not farmed for a year to restore the nutrients in the soil

A way to show levels of power

Because it was too dangerous to travel to trade, each manor had to be _________________________, or able to provide everything they needed.

What nationality was Charlemagne part of?

Who was Charlemagne's grandfather?

What story is about Charlemagne?

What important battle did Charles the Hammer win?

What year was Charlemagne crowned Emperor?

Where was Charlemagne crowned Emperor?

What dynasty came before the Carolingian?

Which Pope crowned Charlemagne?

What people was Charlemagne not the king of?

What empire(s) claims descent from Charlemagne?

What was Charlemagne's capital?

What was the primary purpose of a castle in medieval Europe?

Which term describes the economic system where peasants worked the land for lords in exchange for protection?

What was the main role of a lord in the feudal system?

Which group was responsible for preserving knowledge and learning during the Middle Ages?

What was a fief in the context of medieval Europe?