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Test 3 (Rocks)

Total questions: 155

Worksheet time: 2hrs 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which type of Igneous rock is formed deep inside of the Earth?
a)
Extrusive
b)
Intrusive
c)
Clastic
d)
Organic
2.
Which of the following is an Igneous rock?
a)
Sandstone
b)
Shale
c)
Coal
d)
Obsidian
3.
Extrusive rocks that form quickly above the Earths surface have
a)
small crystals
b)
large crystals
c)
small and large crystals
d)
no crystals
4.
A slow cooling igneous rock will have _____ crystals
a)
large
b)
small
c)
average
d)
black
5.
One common use for the igneous rock obsidian is...
a)
building material
b)
cutting tools
c)
abrasion in polishing
d)
cement
6.
Stone Mountain is mainly composed of granite. What does that mean about its origin?
a)
It formed on Earth's surface.
b)

It formed below earth's surface and then quickly on top.

c)

It formed on the surface and then below Earth's surface.

d)
It formed below Earth's surface.
7.
What statement is true about the sample of diorite shown?
a)
Diorite is an extrusive igneous rock.
b)
Diorite is coarse-grained because its crystals are large and easy to see.
c)
Diorite is fine-grained because its crystals are small and hard to see.
d)
Diorite is a mineral because of its crystal structure.
8.

What are the two most abundant igneous rocks in Earth's crust? (HINT: They are the two most common igneous rocks!)

a)

pegmatite and pumice

b)

gabbro and obsidian

c)

granite and basalt

d)

halite and gold

9.

If an Igneous rock is dark-colored, what is the usual amount of silica?

a)
high
b)
low
c)
doesn't matter
10.
Is Granite high or low in Silica?
a)
high
b)
low
11.
Where can we find Basalt?
a)
mountains
b)
valleys
c)
deserts
d)
ocean floor
12.
Describe this rock
a)
Intrusive , High Silica
b)
Intrusive , Low Silica
c)
Extrusive , High Silica
d)
Intrusive , Low Silica
13.

This odd felsic rock cools so quickly near the end of the formation process that crystals have no time to form.

a)

Basalt

b)

Obsidian

c)

Gabbro

d)

Pumice

14.

Is this igneous rock, porphyry, fine-grained or coarse-grained?

a)

fine-grained

b)

coarse-grained

15.

Is this igneous rock, obsidian, fine-grained or coarse-grained?

a)

fine-grained

b)

coarse-grained

16.

Which rock is lightweight, vesicular (with holes), and spongy in appearance

a)

Shale

b)

Slate

c)

Pumice

d)

Gneiss

17.

This forms when magma hardens in a volcano's pipe and the surrounding rock later wears away.

a)

a dike

b)

a sill

c)

a lava plateau

d)

volcanic neck

18.

Magma that forces itself across rock layers and hardens is called a _________.

a)

volcanic neck

b)

sill

c)

dike

d)

batholith

19.

Magma that squeezes between horizontal rock layers and hardens is called a ______.

a)

volcanic neck

b)

dike

c)

sill

d)

lava plateau

20.

From which of these does a batholith form?

a)

a small body of magma

b)

a large body of magma

c)

a small body of lava

d)

a large body of lava

21.

How do extrusive igneous rocks form?

a)

from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface

b)

from magma that hardened beneath Earth's surface

22.

Which of the following is not an igneous rock?

a)

shale

b)

granite

c)

obsidian

d)

gabbro

23.

Which igneous rock is an extrusive rock?

a)

diorite

b)

rhyolite

c)

pegmatite

d)

granite

24.
Identify this Rock
a)
Diabase
b)
Schist
c)
Gabbro
d)
Obsidian
25.
Identify this Rock
a)
Gabbro
b)
Pegmatite
c)
Pumice
d)
Dunite
26.
The  groupings silicate and non-silicate minerals are based on...
a)
organic content.
b)
gas and liquids.
c)
chemical composition.
d)
color.
27.
A silicate mineral must contain
a)
silicon and oxygen
b)
oxygen and carbon
c)
carbon and hydrogen
d)
silicon and carbon
28.

Rhyolite is a fine-grained, extrusive, igneous rock. How did it form?

a)

rapidly cooling lava

b)

slowly cooling magma

29.

Pegmatite is a coarse-grained, intrusive, igneous rock. How did it form?

a)

rapidly cooling lava

b)

slowly cooling magma

30.

Diorite is an intrusive igneous rock. What does this tell you about it?

a)

it was formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface

b)

it was formed from magma that hardened beneath Earth's surface

c)

it was formed from rapidly cooling lava

31.

Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock. What does this tell you about it?

a)

it was formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface

b)

it was formed from slowly cooling magma

c)

it was formed from magma that hardened beneath Earth's surface

32.

What option below is NOT one of the uses of igneous rocks?

a)

statues

b)

kitchen counters

c)

building materials

d)

chalkboards

33.

Which is the first mineral to form in cooling magma?

a)

quartz

b)

mica

c)

olivine

d)

potassium feldspar

34.

Which process forms a rock that looks like glass?

a)

fast cooling`

b)

very fast cooling

c)

slow cooling

35.

What causes the "spongy" look in extrusive igneous rocks?

a)

mineral crystalization

b)

melting point

c)

temperature

d)

gas bubbles

36.

Minerals that crystallize at higher temperatures tend to be low in

a)

Iron

b)

Calcium

c)

Silicon

d)

Magnesium

37.

Minerals that crystallize at lower temperatures tend to be low in

a)

Iron

b)

Potassium

c)

Silicon

d)

Oxygen

38.

Which of the following would crystallize first as magma cools.

a)

Pyroxene

b)

Quartz

c)

Amphibole

d)

Sodium Plagioclase

39.

Mafic rocks are composed of mostly

a)

silicon and calcium

b)

sodium and magnesium

c)

potassium and aluminum

d)

iron and magnesium

40.

The lighter in color the igneous rock, the higher the amount of

a)

iron

b)

silica

c)

calcium

d)

sodium

41.

Magmas that form at high temperatures and pressures tend to be

a)

high in viscosity and low in silica

b)

low in viscosity and high in silica

c)

high in viscosity and high in silica

d)

low in viscosity and low in silica

42.

Magmas that form at lower temperatures and pressures tend to be

a)

High in silica and high in viscosity

b)

Low in silica and low in viscosity

c)

High in silica and low in viscosity

d)

Low in silica and high in viscosity

43.
According to the Bowen's reaction series, which mineral forms at the hottest temperature?
a)
Olivine
b)
Pyroxene
c)
K-spar
d)
Quartz
44.
What does Ignis mean?
a)
hot
b)
fire
c)
steam
d)
flame
45.
Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth's surface
a)
Organic Rock
b)
Intrusive Rock
c)
Clastic Rock
d)
Extrusive Rock
46.

A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock slowly below the surface of the earth

a)

Intrusive Rock

b)

Metamorphic Rock

c)

Sedimentary Rock

d)

chemical Rock

47.

Describe the texture of the following igneous rock.

a)

glassy

b)

rough

c)

vesicular

d)

coarse

48.

Describe the texture of the following igneous rock.

a)

smooth

b)

coarse

c)

vesicular

d)

glassy

49.

Describe the mineral composition of the following igneous rock.

a)

felsic

b)

mafic

50.

Describe the mineral composition of the following igneous rock.

a)

felsic

b)

mafic

51.

Describe the rate of cooling for the following igneous rock.

a)

slow cooling

b)

rapid cooling

52.

Describe the environment of formation for the following igneous rock (grain size 1-10 mm).

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

53.

Describe the environment of formation for the following igneous rock (grain size < 1 mm).

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

54.
What category of igneous rock has mineral crystals that are large enough to identify without a microscope?
a)
glassy
b)
aphanitic/extrusive
c)
phaneritic/intrusive
d)
porphyritic
55.
What category of igneous rock has two different sizes of crystals?
a)
glassy
b)
aphanitic/extrusive
c)
phaneritic/intrusive
d)
porphyritic
56.

How are igneous rocks classified?

a)

by color alone

b)

by mineral composition and texture

c)

by the type of cement between crystals

d)

by the size of the rock itself

57.
What is the name of a mafic, extrusive (aphanitic) igneous rock?
a)
Granite
b)
Rhyolite
c)
Gabbro
d)
Basalt
58.
What category of igneous rock has no crystals at all?
a)
glassy
b)
aphanitic/extrusive
c)
phaneritic/intrusive
d)
porphyritic
59.
What is the name of a felsic, extrusive glassy igneous rock that is shiny and sharp edges?
a)
Porphyry
b)
Obsidian
c)
Andesite
d)
Pumice
60.

What is the name of a felsic, extrusive glassy igneous rock that is frothy due to many vesicles (bubbles)?

a)

Porphyry

b)

scoria

c)

Andesite

d)

Pumice

61.
Metamorphic rocks form from ___.
a)
igneous rocks
b)
other metamorphic rocks
c)
sedimentary rocks
d)
all types of rocks
62.
What are the two main types of metamorphic rocks and how are they different?
a)
intrusive and extrusive; intrusive rocks are formed inside the earth and extrusive rocks are formed on the surface
b)
foliated and nonfoliated; foliated rocks do not have visible bands/layers and nonfoliated rocks do have visible bands/layers
c)
intrusive and extrusive; intrusive rocks are formed on the earth's surface and extrusive rocks are formed in the Earth
d)
foliated and nonfoliated; foliated rocks have visible bands/layers and nonfoliated rocks do not have visible bands/layers
63.
The difference between regional metamorphism and contact metamorphism is that regional metamorphism is caused by _____ from __________ and contact metamorphism is caused by _________ from _______ intruding into other rock.
a)
heat, tectonic plates, pressure, magma
b)
pressure, tectonic plates, heat, magma
c)
heat, magma, pressure, tectonic plates
d)
pressure, magma, heat, tectonic plates
64.
__________  metamorphic rocks have mineral grains that are not arranged in distinct bands.
a)
Conglomerate
b)
Non-foliated
c)
Foliated
d)
Permeated
65.
When metamorphic rocks are formed, the extreme heat is usually caused by the _______.
a)
gravity in the atmosphere
b)
collision of tectonic plates
c)
the fiery hot magma in the Earth's mantle
d)
weight of the mountains
66.
Which texture best describes the rock above?
a)
porphyritic 
b)
nonfoliated
c)
foliated
d)
clastic
67.
How do metamorphic rocks form? 
a)
Heat and Pressure
b)
Compaction & Cementation
c)
Cooling of Magma
d)
Sediments & Glue
68.
Metamorphic Rocks are classified by
a)
Mineral Composition
b)
Texture (foliated / non foliated)
c)
Grain Sizes
d)
How they formed.
69.
What is this rock?
a)

foliated

b)
nonfoliated
70.
What sedimentary rock forms slate?
a)
sandstone
b)
limestone
c)
quartzite
d)
shale
71.

Granite when heated and pressurized forms what type of metamorphic rock?

a)

slate

b)

marble

c)

gneiss

d)

quartzite

72.

Limestone is the parent rock of this metamorphic rock?

a)

slate

b)

gneiss

c)

marble

d)

quartzite

73.
What force is associated with contact metamorphism?
a)
heat
b)
pressure
74.
Where do we usually find regional metamorphism?
a)
ocean floor
b)
mountain
c)
plate boundaries
d)
deserts
75.
Marble is formed from what sedimentary rock?
a)
limestone
b)
granite
c)
shale
d)
conglomerate
76.
What does sandstone change into?
a)
gneiss
b)
quartzite
c)
marble
d)
slate
77.

Which of these is a metamorphic rock?

a)

Granite

b)

Marble

c)

Shale

d)

Basalt

78.
Which of these is a metamorphic rock?
a)
pumice
b)
sandstone
c)
slate
d)
coal
79.
__________ metamorphism occurs when magma heats the surrounding rock and changes it.
a)
Regional
b)
Forced
c)
Igneotrophic
d)
Contact
80.

This rock was once sandstone but was altered by extreme heat and pressure. What is it likely to be now?

a)

Gneiss

b)

Quartzite

c)

Marble

d)

Slate

81.
Which of these is a metamorphic rock?
a)
Granite
b)
Quartzite
c)
Shale
d)
Basalt
82.

What is the name of this Metamorphic Rock (The parent rock of this coal is bituminous coal)

a)

Shale

b)

Anthracite

c)

Marble

d)

Obsidian

83.
Metamorphic rocks form when...
a)
magma hardens into metamorphic rock
b)
wind, rain, and snow turn lava into metamorphic rock
c)
heat and pressure inside the Earth change existing rock into new, different rock
84.
What are examples of metamorphic rocks
a)
 iron ore, chert, flint
b)
conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone
c)
basalt, obsidian, pumice
d)
quartz, marble, slate
85.
A metamorphic rock can become ______.
a)
igneous
b)
metamorphic
c)
sedimentary
d)
all of these
86.
Igneous intrusions cause which type of metamorphism?
a)
contact
b)
regional
87.
If a metamorphic rock has layers, what is it?
a)
foliated
b)
nonfoliated
88.
Where does the heat that causes metamorphism come from?
a)
core
b)
mantle and magma
c)
fire
89.
The original rock before metamorphism is called a _?_.
a)
original
b)
parent rock
c)
kid rock
d)
starter rock
90.
Quartzite forms when the quartz particles in __________ recrystallize.
a)
marble
b)
slate
c)
sandstone
91.

The type of metamorphism shown here that is caused by the collision of two continental plates is

a)

contact metamorphism

b)

regional metamorphism

92.

Wavy bands of light and dark minerals visible in gneiss bedrock probably formed from the

a)

cementing together of individual miner grains

b)

cooling and crystallization of magma

c)

evaporation of an ancient ocean

d)

heat and pressure during metamorphism

93.

During the Permian Period, sedimentary bedrock in the Appalachian Region was subjected to high temperature and pressure. Calcite deposits that had existed in this environment would most likely have formed

a)

schist

b)

gabbro

c)

marble

d)

gneiss

94.

The recrystallization of unmelted material under high temperature and pressure results in

a)

metamorphic rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

igneous rock

d)

volcanic rock

95.

Which processes change sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks?

a)

erosion and deposition

b)

melting and solidification

c)

evaporation and condensation

d)

temperature and pressure changes

96.
Igneous intrusions cause which type of metamorphism?
a)
contact
b)
regional
97.
What force is associated with contact metamorphism?
a)
heat
b)
pressure
98.
If a metamorphic rock has layers, what is it?
a)
foliated
b)
nonfoliated
99.
The original rock before metamorphism is called a _?_.
a)
original
b)
parent rock
c)
kid rock
d)
starter rock
100.
Morph means what?
a)
change
b)
alter
c)
switch
d)
rearrange
101.

Where can most metamorphic rock be found?

a)

As part of mountain ranges

b)

At the bottom of oceans

c)

Lake beds

d)

Deep in the Earth, near the mantle

102.

At a continental-continental convergent boundary, which type of metamorphism should be occurring?

a)

contact metamorphism, due to the intense heat of the magma chamber

b)

regional metamorphism, due to the intense heat of the magma chamber

c)

regional metamorphism, due to the intense pressure

d)

contact metamorphism, due to the intense pressure

103.

Determine the texture of the metamorphic rock:

a)

Foliated

b)

Non-Foliated

104.

Determine the texture of the metamorphic rock:

a)

Foliated

b)

Non-Foliated

105.

Determine the texture of the metamorphic rock:

a)

Foliated

b)

Non-Foliated

106.
Sedimentary rocks may contain fossils.
a)
True
b)
False
107.

Sedimentary rock type made from bits of minerals or other Earth material that were weathered and moved is _?_ sedimentary rock.

a)

clastic

b)

chemical

c)

organic

108.

Squeezing sediments together in layers is called ...

a)

compaction

b)

weathering

c)

cementation

d)

deposition

109.
Sedimentary rock formed from remains of plants and animals is called _?_.
a)
chemical sedimentary rock
b)
organic sedimentary rock
c)
clastic sedimentary rock
d)
erosion
110.
What is an example of an organic sedimentary rock?
a)
coal
b)
breccia
c)
rock salt
d)
shale
111.

Name this type of clastic rock.

a)

dolomite

b)

sandstone

c)

shale

d)

coquina

112.

This rock is made of salts left behind when a shallow sea evaporated. What type of sedimentary rock is it?

a)

clastic sedimentary rock

b)

chemical sedimentary rock

c)

organic sedimentary rock

113.

Name this rock has rounded pebbles and bits of sand cemented together with calcium carbonate.

a)

lithographic limestone

b)

breccia

c)

coal

d)

conglomerate

114.

What causes the pressure necessary to form sedimentary rocks?

a)

chemicals in the rock

b)

temperatures inside the Earth

c)

weight from sediments above

d)

water flowing over rock

115.
The breakdown of rock into smaller particles from the effects of wind, water and ice
a)
erosion
b)
cementation 
c)
pressure
d)
weathering
116.

What sized sediment makes shale?

a)

Boulder

b)

Clay

c)

Cobble

117.
Name one size of sediment that can make breccia or conglomerate.
a)
Clay
b)
Pebble
c)
Sand
118.

Sediments are falling into the layers. What happens to sediments to make sedimentary rocks?

a)

get eroded more

b)

ice wedging breaks it apart

c)

the sediments do not get compacted

d)

compacted and cemented together

119.

Describe the texture of breccia.

a)

vesicular

b)

clastic with rounded pebbles in it

c)

clastic with jagged pebbles in it

d)

bioclastic

120.

_______ bedding is formed as inclined layers of sediment are deposited across a horizontal surface.

a)

graded

b)

cross

c)

ripple

d)

deposition

121.

______ means "broken" rocks

a)

fractured

b)

cleavage

c)

clastic

d)

sedimentary

122.

What is the correct order of making and dropping off of sediments?

a)

weathering, transportation, deposition, compaction and cementation,

b)

transportation, weathering, deposition, compaction & cementation

c)

transportation, weathering, compaction & cementation, deposition

d)

compaction & cementation, transportation, deposition, weathering

123.

The process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken-up rock

a)

weathering

b)

sediment

c)

transportation

d)

cememtation

124.

Small, solid pieces of rocks formed through weatheiring is called?

a)

sediment

b)

clastic rock

c)

organic rock

d)

deposition

125.

Name this organic sedimentary rock.

a)

sandstone

b)

coal

c)

shale

d)

flint

126.
When the weight of new  sediment layers is deposited on top of older layers
a)
erosion
b)
compaction
c)
pressure
d)
weathering
127.
When sediments stick together its called . . . 
a)
cementation
b)
compaction
c)
deposition
d)
erosion
128.

Chemical rocks are...

a)

Made from heat

b)

Made when water evaporates and minerals crystallize or when ions precipitate

c)

Made from dead animals/plants

d)

Made from pieces of other rocks

129.
This rock is made of large bits of gravel cemented together. What type of sedimentary rock is it?
a)
Clastic
b)
Chemical
c)
Organic
130.
This rock is made of the remains of dead sea creatures (which have turned into oil). What type of sedimentary rock is it?
a)
Clastic
b)
Chemical
c)
Organic
131.

Describe the texture of breccia.

a)

vesicular

b)

clastic

c)

crystalline

d)

bioclastic

132.

Which of the following is a land-derived or detrital sedimentary rock?

a)

rock gypsum

b)

limestone

c)

gabbro

d)

conglomerate

133.

Scientific study of rock layers

a)

Archeology

b)

Stratigraphy

c)

Paleontology

d)

Geology

134.

What is the correct order of making and dropping off of sediments?

a)

weathering, transportation, deposition

b)

transportation, weathering, deposition

c)

weathering, deposition , transportation

135.
the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic sedimentary rock
d)
cementation
136.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called _?_.
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
137.

What are the types of sedimentary rock?

a)

Igneous; Metamorphic; Sedimentary

b)

Clastic; Igneous; Sedimentary

c)

Chemical; Clastic; Inorganic

d)

Organic; Clastic; Chemical/Biochemical

138.

Describe the composition of fossiliferous limestone.

a)

bioclastic

b)

clastic

c)

vesicular

d)

glassy

139.
Fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
140.
What sized sediment makes shale?
a)
Sand
b)
Clay
c)
Cobble
141.

Which of the following is a process that creates the sediments that form sedimentary rock?

a)

Wind, water, and ice breaking rock into smaller pieces

b)

Heat from the earth melting rock below the surface

c)

Volcanoes putting out lava that cools to form new rock

d)

Continents pushing together to fold layers of rock

142.
____________ is the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers-this process occurs after sediments are deposited over and over again
a)
Strata
b)
Stratification
c)
Mineral
d)
Rock
143.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
144.

What kind of rocks can be weathered, eroded, and then lithified to form sedimentary rocks?

a)

igneous rocks

b)

metamorphic rocks

c)

sedimentary rocks

d)

any kind of rock

145.

Most of the Earth's crust is made up of igneous rock. But most rock at the surface of the crust is what kind of rock?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

d)

All kinds of rock

146.

Of the three kinds of sedimentary rocks, a rock that is made up of fragments of older rocks is called

a)

Clastic sedimentary rock

b)

Organic sedimentary rock

c)

Chemical sedimentary rock

147.

Cementation is

a)

When slowing water lays down sediments to form beds

b)

Squeezing of sediment grains together by the weight of sediments above

c)

Precipitation of minerals that "glue" the sediment grains together

d)

When tectonic plate movement raises buried rocks up to the surface

148.

Compaction is

a)

When slowing water lays down sediments to form beds

b)

Squeezing of sediment grains together by the weight of sediments above

c)

Precipitation of minerals that "glue" the sediment grains together

d)

When tectonic plate movement raises buried rocks up to the surface

149.

Deposition is

a)

When slowing water lays down sediments to form beds

b)

Squeezing of sediment grains together by the weight of sediments above

c)

Precipitation of minerals that "glue" the sediment grains together

d)

When tectonic plate movement raises buried rocks up to the surface

150.

Of the three kinds of sedimentary rocks, a rock that is made from the remains of living things is called

a)

Clastic sedimentary rock

b)

Organic sedimentary rock

c)

Chemical sedimentary rock

151.

Of the three kinds of sedimentary rocks, a rock that is made by precipitation of dissolved minerals from water is called

a)

Clastic sedimentary rock

b)

Organic sedimentary rock

c)

Chemical sedimentary rock

152.

When rock fragments are squashed together and water is squeezed out from between them, it is called

a)

deposition

b)

compaction

c)

cementation

d)

uplift

153.

This rough textured sedimentary rock is

a)

sandstone

b)

conglomerate

c)

shale

d)

coal

154.

This blackish, organic sedimentary rock is

a)

sandstone

b)

conglomerate

c)

shale

d)

coal

155.

This sedimentary rock that contains some clasts that are quite large is

a)

sandstone

b)

conglomerate

c)

shale

d)

coal

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