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Four Phases of British War Strategy

Total questions: 45

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Phase one of the British war strategy (1775-76) was a show of force, foiled by American resistance, which included the enlistment of how many troops?

a)

16,000 troops

b)

5,000 troops

c)

25,000 troops

d)

10,000 troops

2.

In phase two (1776-1777) of the British war strategy, which British General arrived on Long Island with 32,000 troops and took New York?

a)

British General William Howe

b)

British General John Burgoyne

c)

British General Charles Cornwallis

d)

British General Henry Clinton

3.

Phase three (1777-79) of the British war strategy aimed to subdue which colonies and take which city?

a)

The middle colonies and Philadelphia

b)

The southern colonies and Charleston

c)

The New England colonies and Boston

d)

The western territories and New Orleans

4.

What was the main focus of phase four (1779-81) of the British war strategy?

a)

Southern strategy

b)

Naval blockade of France

c)

Invasion of Canada

d)

Peace negotiations with Spain

5.

According to the map, which battle took place on September 11, 1777?

a)

Princeton

b)

Brandywine

c)

Germantown

d)

Monmouth

6.

Which city served as the winter headquarters for Washington's troops in 1777-1778 according to the map?

a)

Valley Forge

b)

Philadelphia

c)

Boston

d)

New York

7.

On what date did the battle of Long Island occur, as shown on the map?

a)

August 27, 1776

b)

July 4, 1776

c)

September 15, 1776

d)

October 19, 1776

8.

Which of the following battles happened first according to the map?

a)

Germantown

b)

Princeton

c)

Brandywine

d)

Monmouth

9.

According to the map, which color represents the movement of British troops?

a)

Blue

b)

Red

c)

Green

d)

Yellow

10.

The battle of Monmouth took place on _________

a)

June 28, 1778

b)

July 4, 1776

c)

September 3, 1783

d)

October 19, 1781

11.

Which battle occurred after the British troops moved from New York City on August 25, 1777, according to the map?

a)

Brandywine

b)

Saratoga

c)

Yorktown

d)

Lexington

12.

What historical event is depicted in the painting titled 'Washington Crossing the Delaware'?

a)

The signing of the Declaration of Independence

b)

Washington Crossing the Delaware

c)

The Boston Tea Party

d)

The Battle of Gettysburg

13.

Who is the central figure standing in the boat in the painting 'Washington Crossing the Delaware'?

a)

Thomas Jefferson

b)

Benjamin Franklin

c)

George Washington

d)

Alexander Hamilton

14.

The painting 'Washington Crossing the Delaware' shows George Washington leading his troops across the _______ River during the American Revolutionary War.

a)

Delaware

b)

Mississippi

c)

Hudson

d)

Potomac

15.

According to the passage, who crossed the Delaware River during a storm on Christmas Day and routed a Hessian garrison at Trenton, NJ?

a)

General Howe

b)

George Washington

c)

Hessian mercenaries

d)

British troops

16.

Washington's army captured 900 ______ mercenaries during the Battle of Trenton.

a)

Hessian

b)

British

c)

French

d)

Spanish

17.

The victory at Trenton helped reinforce support for the American Revolution at a precarious time.

a)

True

b)

False

18.

What was the motto adopted by Washington and his troops during the crossing of the Delaware River?

a)

Liberty or Death

b)

Victory or Death

c)

Freedom for All

d)

No Surrender

19.

According to the map, which river did Washington and his troops cross to attack Trenton?

a)

Hudson River

b)

Delaware River

c)

Mississippi River

d)

Potomac River

20.

Who surrendered nearly 6,000 British troops at Saratoga, NY during the Battle of Saratoga (1777)?

a)

General George Washington

b)

General John Burgoyne

c)

General Horatio Gates

d)

General Charles Cornwallis

21.

What was the significance of the Battle of Saratoga for the Continental Army?

a)

It was a minor skirmish

b)

It was the first large-scale, decisive victory and a major turning point in the war

c)

It resulted in the loss of New England

d)

It ended the war immediately

22.

As a result of the victory at Saratoga, the ______ recognized the Americans as a sovereign nation and agreed to enter an alliance with them in early 1778.

a)

French

b)

Spanish

c)

Dutch

d)

Portuguese

23.

According to the painting, who surrendered to Gen. Horatio Gates at Saratoga in October 1777?

a)

Gen. Burgoyne

b)

Gen. Cornwallis

c)

Gen. Howe

d)

Gen. Clinton

24.

What was the main purpose of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between America and France in February 1778?

a)

To promote trade and commercial ties between the two countries

b)

To end the war

c)

To divide territories

d)

To form a military alliance

25.

The Treaty of Alliance between America and France in 1778 established a wartime partnership.

a)

True

b)

False

26.

The Treaty of Amity and Commerce allowed the presence of foreign ________, while formally recognizing American independence.

a)

consuls

b)

soldiers

c)

merchants

d)

ambassadors

27.

What historical event is depicted in the image titled 'Franklin & French Entry into the War'?

a)

The signing of the Treaty of Paris

b)

The Boston Tea Party

c)

The French alliance with the American colonies during the Revolutionary War

d)

The drafting of the Declaration of Independence

28.

Who is shown as America's first diplomat at the Court of Versailles in March 1778, according to the image?

4 lines
29.

Which city was occupied by the British in September 1777?

a)

New York

b)

Philadelphia

c)

Valley Forge

d)

Lancaster

30.

What was one of the main problems faced by Washington's army at Valley Forge during the winter?

a)

Lack of weapons

b)

Short-term enlistments and high desertion rates

c)

Overabundance of food

d)

British reinforcements

31.

Congress could not raise money during the American Revolution because it had no ______ to tax.

a)

power

b)

permission

c)

plan

d)

reason

32.

Loans from abroad helped ease the fiscal crisis faced by the American rebels in 1779.

a)

True

b)

False

33.

The British evacuated ________, along with 3,000 loyalists, to attend to the French fleet in the Atlantic.

a)

Philadelphia

b)

Boston

c)

New York

d)

Charleston

34.

Final Phase of the War: Southern Strategy (1778-1781)

a)

True

b)

False

35.

Who was trapped at Yorktown, VA in 1781?

a)

George Washington

b)

Cornwallis

c)

Benedict Arnold

d)

Thomas Jefferson

36.

The problem of governance in the new nation: The war was a unifying force, but could America devise a government that preserved that unity? Indeed, was a “unified” nation something even to be desired? Confederationists were individuals who:

a)

Wanted a strong central government and weak state governments

b)

Favored powerful state governments and a loose union

c)

Supported monarchy over republicanism

d)

Advocated for no government at all

37.

The problem of governance in the new nation: The war was a unifying force, but could America devise a government that preserved that unity? Indeed, was a “unified” nation something even to be desired? Two approaches to this question: “Nationalists” - Who were they? Why did they want a strong national government, and how would republicanism fit into their vision?

a)

Nationalists were individuals who supported a strong national government to maintain unity and believed republicanism could be preserved through a centralized authority.

b)

Nationalists were opposed to any form of government and wanted complete independence for each state.

c)

Nationalists wanted a monarchy to replace the existing government structure.

d)

Nationalists believed in dissolving the union and forming separate countries.

38.

In a republican government, representation in government is based on the consent of the _____.

a)

people

b)

president

c)

military

d)

judges

39.

Political liberty is freedom from arbitrary interference; no one person or group should have the capacity to _____ another.

a)

dominate

b)

ignore

c)

assist

d)

observe

40.

Where monarchies maintained authority through hereditary privilege and patronage, a republic depended on independent thinking and moral virtue of individual ______

a)

citizens

b)

kings

c)

soldiers

d)

aristocrats

41.

Fill in the blank: Power should not be _____ (fear of concentrated power) in a republican government.

a)

centralized

b)

distributed

c)

shared

d)

limited

42.

The Confederation government consisted of a ________ congress with delegates elected by state legislatures. (Delegates face three-year term limits)

a)

one-chamber

b)

two-house

c)

bicameral

d)

federal

43.

Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had the power of direct taxation and could force states to provide troops for war.

a)

True

b)

False

44.

Under the Articles of Confederation, there was no national ________ and no national judiciary.

a)

executive

b)

legislature

c)

army

d)

currency

45.

Ultimate authority regarding American law would reside with the ________.

a)

states

b)

President

c)

Supreme Court

d)

Congress