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Worksheets

SOL Vocabulary

Total questions: 54

Worksheet time: 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following best defines a scientific theory?

a)

A statement that describes a consistent natural phenomenon

b)

A well-substantiated explanation based on evidence

c)

A guess with little evidence

d)

A mathematical equation

2.

What is a scientific law?

a)

A prediction about future events

b)

A description of a natural relationship or principle, often expressed mathematically

c)

An untested hypothesis

d)

A type of cell

3.

Which of the following is a prokaryote?

a)

Fungi

b)

Bacteria

c)

Plant

d)

Animal

4.

Which organism is an autotroph?

a)

Human

b)

Mushroom

c)

Oak tree

d)

Dog

5.

Which of the following is a heterotroph?

a)

Grass

b)

Algae

c)

Cow

d)

Cyanobacteria

6.

Which organism breaks down dead organic matter and recycles nutrients?

a)

Producer

b)

Decomposer

c)

Consumer

d)

Virus

7.

What is the function of homeostasis in living organisms?

a)

To break down food

b)

To maintain a stable internal environment

c)

To produce energy

d)

To reproduce

8.

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Lysosome

d)

Golgi Body

9.

What is the main function of ribosomes?

a)

Store genetic information

b)

Synthesize proteins

c)

Break down waste

d)

Control osmosis

10.

What is osmosis?

a)

Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane

b)

Movement of proteins in the cell

c)

Production of energy

d)

Breakdown of carbohydrates

11.

Which of the following best describes an enzyme?

a)

A type of carbohydrate

b)

A protein that speeds up chemical reactions

c)

A genetic material

d)

A cell organelle

12.

What property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

a)

High specific heat

b)

Surface tension

c)

Nitrogen fixation

d)

Adhesion

13.

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down waste?

a)

Lysosome

b)

Golgi Body

c)

Ribosome

d)

Chloroplast

14.

What is the main function of the Golgi Body in a cell?

a)

Protein synthesis

b)

Packaging and transporting proteins

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

DNA replication

15.

Which of the following is a carbohydrate?

a)

Starch

b)

DNA

c)

Lipid

d)

Protein

16.

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

a)

Stores genetic information

b)

Transports amino acids

c)

Carries genetic code from DNA to ribosome

d)

Breaks down proteins

17.

Which of the following is made of amino acids?

a)

Protein

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic acid

18.

What is a nucleotide?

a)

A building block of proteins

b)

A building block of nucleic acids

c)

A type of lipid

d)

A type of carbohydrate

19.

Which of the following best describes an allele?

a)

A type of cell

b)

A form of a gene

c)

A protein

d)

A carbohydrate

20.

What is a genotype?

a)

The physical appearance of an organism

b)

The genetic makeup of an organism

c)

The environment of an organism

d)

The behavior of an organism

21.

Which of the following is an example of adaptation?

a)

A bird migrating south for winter

b)

A cell dividing

c)

A plant wilting

d)

A rock eroding

22.

Which process explains the change in species over time?

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Evolution

c)

Decomposition

d)

Nitrogen fixation

23.

Which of the following is a producer in an ecosystem?

a)

Wolf

b)

Grass

c)

Mushroom

d)

Bacteria

24.

Which of the following is a consumer?

a)

Oak tree

b)

Algae

c)

Rabbit

d)

Cyanobacteria

25.

What does equilibrium mean in a biological system?

a)

Constant change

b)

Balanced internal conditions

c)

Rapid growth

d)

High energy

26.

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

a)

Producing energy

b)

Controlling what enters and leaves the cell

c)

Storing genetic information

d)

Breaking down waste

27.

Which of the following is a characteristic of bacteria?

a)

Multicellular

b)

Prokaryotic

c)

Contains a nucleus

d)

Only found in animals

28.

Which of the following is NOT considered living?

a)

Bacteria

b)

Virus

c)

Plant

d)

Animal

29.

What is cohesion in terms of water properties?

a)

Water molecules sticking to other substances

b)

Water molecules sticking to each other

c)

Water evaporating

d)

Water freezing

30.

What is adhesion?

a)

Water molecules sticking to each other

b)

Water molecules sticking to other substances

c)

Water boiling

d)

Water condensing

31.

Which of the following is a lipid?

a)

Glucose

b)

Starch

c)

Fat

d)

DNA

32.

Which macromolecule stores genetic information?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Nucleic acid

d)

Protein

33.

What is cell specialization?

a)

All cells performing the same function

b)

Cells developing to perform specific functions

c)

Cells losing their function

d)

Cells dividing rapidly

34.

In an experiment, what is the independent variable?

a)

The variable that is measured

b)

The variable that is changed by the experimenter

c)

The result of the experiment

d)

The control group

35.

What is the dependent variable in an experiment?

a)

The variable that is changed

b)

The variable that is measured

c)

The control group

d)

The hypothesis

36.

Which of the following is an example of a pioneer species?

a)

Lichen on bare rock

b)

Oak tree in a forest

c)

Deer in a meadow

d)

Earthworm in soil

37.

What is a population in biology?

a)

All the living and nonliving things in an area

b)

All members of one species in an area

c)

All the producers in an ecosystem

d)

All the consumers in an ecosystem

38.

What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

a)

It swells

b)

It shrinks

c)

It stays the same

d)

It bursts

39.

What is a bacteriophage?

a)

A type of bacteria

b)

A virus that infects bacteria

c)

A plant cell

d)

A protein

40.

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes condense and become visible?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

41.

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

42.

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

43.

During which phase of mitosis do two new nuclei form?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

44.

Which property of water allows it to absorb a lot of heat before changing temperature?

a)

Surface tension

b)

High specific heat

c)

Cohesion

d)

Adhesion

45.

What is nitrogen fixation?

a)

The process of plants making food

b)

The conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia by bacteria

c)

The breakdown of proteins

d)

The movement of water

46.

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

a)

It shrinks

b)

It swells

c)

It stays the same

d)

It divides

47.

What does a Punnett Square show?

a)

The structure of a cell

b)

The possible genetic outcomes of a cross

c)

The phases of mitosis

d)

The process of osmosis

48.

Which process begins with bare rock and no soil?

a)

Secondary succession

b)

Primary succession

c)

Climax community

d)

Nitrogen fixation

49.

Which process occurs after a disturbance but soil remains?

a)

Primary succession

b)

Secondary succession

c)

Nitrogen fixation

d)

Homeostasis

50.

What is genetic engineering?

a)

The natural selection of traits

b)

The direct manipulation of an organism’s DNA

c)

The process of cell division

d)

The breakdown of proteins

51.

What is a climax community?

a)

The first species to colonize an area

b)

A stable, mature community with little change in species

c)

A community with only one species

d)

A community after a disturbance

52.

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure in humans?

a)

Heart

b)

Appendix

c)

Brain

d)

Lungs

53.

A plant cell is placed in a solution and begins to swell. What can you infer about the solution?

a)

It is hypertonic

b)

It is hypotonic

c)

It is isotonic

d)

It is acidic

54.

A population of insects is introduced to a new environment. Over several generations, some develop resistance to a pesticide. Which concept does this illustrate?

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Adaptation

c)

Decomposition

d)

Nitrogen fixation