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Earth Science 2nd Semester Exam Review

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of these is a property of minerals?

a)

luster

b)

volume

c)

length

d)

mass

2.

What is the softest mineral on Moh's hardness scale?

a)

Talc

b)

Diamond

c)

Ruby

d)

Quartzite

3.

How are Igneous rocks formed?

a)

Erosion of Metamorphic minerals

b)

Cooling of hot molten material

c)

Layers of sediment that settle in water

d)

Heated and put under high pressure

4.

What type of rock is formed from heat and pressure?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

5.

How are rocks classified?

a)

by their location

b)

by their mass

c)

by their formation

d)

by their age

6.

What type of rock is formed from crystallization of lava on the surface or magma in the Earth?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

7.

What type of rock is formed from deposition and cementation of material over time?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

8.

What is the hardest mineral on Mohs Scale?

a)

Talc

b)

Calcite

c)

Quartz

d)

Diamond

9.

What type of rock contains fossils?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

10.

________is water that flows across land and collects in rivers, streams, and eventually the ocean

a)

runoff

b)

infiltration

c)

condensation

d)

evaporation

11.

How much of the Earth's water is freshwater?

a)

97%

b)

50%

c)

3%

d)

1%

12.

______ is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere

a)

runoff

b)

infiltration

c)

transpiration

d)

evaporation

13.

_______ is another name for rain, snow, sleet, or hail

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

groundwater

d)

precipitation

14.

_________occurs when liquid water from the Earth's surface and from living organisms changes into water vapor

a)

percolation

b)

condensation

c)

evaporation

d)

precipitation

15.

____________ occurs when water vapor cools and changes into liquid water droplets that form clouds in the atmosphere.

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

infiltration

d)

precipitation

16.

What is the driving force of the water cycle?

a)

water vapor

b)

clouds

c)

rain

d)

sun's energy

17.

Which of the following is illustrated by 2?

a)

evaporation

b)

precipitation

c)

condensation

d)

infiltration

18.

Which of the following is illustrated by 4?

a)

condensation

b)

percolation

c)

evaporation

d)

precipitation

19.

Which of the following is illustrated by 3?

a)

condensation

b)

infiltration

c)

evaporation

d)

precipitation

20.

Which of the following is illustrated by 5?

a)

evaporation

b)

infiltration

c)

runoff

d)

transpiration

21.

Which of the following consist of the largest volume of freshwater?

a)

lakes

b)

rivers

c)

groundwater (aquifers)

d)

ice caps and glaciers

22.

Which is the following is true?

a)

The amount of water on Earth is constantly changing

b)

There is more fresh water than salt water

c)

There is more fresh water in lakes and rivers than stored in underground deposits (aquifers)

d)

The amount of water on Earth remains constant

23.

Approximately what percentage of the Earth's freshwater is easily available to humans?

a)

1%

b)

3%

c)

71%

d)

97%

24.

Ice wedging happens when water freezes in the cracks of rocks and then expands, breaking the rocks apart. This is ___________ weathering.

a)
biological
b)
chemical
c)

depositional

d)
physical
25.

Deltas are formed when rivers flow into a body of water, such as an ocean or lake. Here, sediments begin to build up and form deltas. Which natural process contributes most to the formation of deltas?

a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
deposition
d)

river

26.

Erosion is the process where sediments are

a)

Built up

b)

Dropped off or deposited in a new location

c)

Broken or weathered down into sediments

d)

Moved from one place to another

27.

Deposition is the process where sediments are

a)

Built up

b)

Dropped off or deposited in a new location

c)

Broken or weathered down into sediments

d)

Moved from one place to another

28.

When an animal burrows into the Earth's surface, it is an example of...

a)

Physical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

29.

When rust forms on a rock, it is an example of...

a)

Physical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

30.

Weathering, erosion and deposition work together to ​ (a)   the Earth's surface. Weathering ​ (b)   down the Earth's surface into ​ (c)   , ​ (d)   moves or ​ carries the sediment to a new location and deposition ​ (e)   or drops off the sediment in a new location where it will build up over time.

Choose from the below words
change
breaks
sediments
erosion
deposits
31.

An underwater mountain range that is an oceanic spreading center. Responsible for the creation of new ocean floor.

a)

trench

b)

mid-ocean ridge

c)

abyssal plain

d)

continental shelf

32.

Name feature A

a)

trench

b)

continental slope

c)

guyot

d)

mid-ocean ridge

33.

Name feature B

a)

guyot

b)

seamount

c)

abyssal plain

d)

volcanic island

34.

Flat or very gently sloping areas of the ocean floor.

a)

abyssal plain

b)

continental shelf

c)

trench

d)

continental floor

35.

Name feature C

a)

guyot

b)

seamount

c)

abyssal plain

d)

continental shelf

36.

Name the feature for E

a)

volcanic island

b)

volcanic arc

c)

seamount

d)

mid-ocean ridge

37.

Name the feature for F

a)

continental slope

b)

continental shelf

c)

abyssal plain

d)

trench

38.

Name the feature for G

a)

seamount

b)

trench

c)

mid-ocean ridge

d)

continental shelf

39.
Soil is formed 
a)
very quickly
b)
after a few weeks
c)
over thousands of years
d)
by magic
40.
What is humus?
a)
soil
b)
organic matter
c)
loam
d)
minerals
41.

Which layer is the subsoil?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

42.

Which layer is the topsoil?

a)

Horizon O

b)

Horizon A

c)

Horizon B

d)

Horizon C

e)

Horizon R

43.

Soil is made of:

a)

pieces of rock

b)

air and water

c)

matter that was once alive

d)

all of the above

44.

wind

a)

warm, less dense air rises

b)

cool, dense air sinks

c)

large circular patterns of moving air

d)

movement of air cause by differences in air pressure

45.

Coriolis Effect

a)

bands of high and low pressure found about every 30 degrees of latitude

b)

the curving of a path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earths rotation

c)

winds that blow from east to west between 60 and 90 degrees latitude in both hemispheres

d)

narrow belts of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere

46.
Steady winds that flow from east to west between 30°N latitude and the equator and 30°S latitude and the equator.
a)
Prevailing westerlies
b)
Horse latitudes
c)
Trade winds
d)
Polar easterlies
47.
Steady winds that flow from west to east between latitude lines 30°N and 60°N and 30°S and 60°S.
a)
Doldrums
b)
Prevailing westerlies
c)
Polar easterlies
d)
Trade winds
48.
Cold winds that blow from east to west between latitude lines 60°N and the North Pole and 60°S and the South Pole.
a)
Prevailing westerlies
b)
Trade winds
c)
Horse latitudes
d)
Polar easterlies
49.

low pressure area

a)

warm, less dense air rises

b)

cool, dense air sinks

c)

large, circular patterns of moving air

d)

movement of air caused by differences in air pressure

50.

sea breeze

a)

cool air moves down a mountain slope towards a valley

b)

warm air rises up a mountain slope from a valley

c)

cool land air flows to the ocean at night, causing warm ocean air to rise

d)

cool ocean air flows to land during the day, causing warm land air to rise

51.

land breeze

a)

cool air moves down a mountain slope toward a valley

b)

warm air rises up a mountain slope from a valley

c)

cool land air flows to the ocean at night, causing warm ocean air to rise

d)

cool ocean air flows to land during the day, causing warm land air to rise

52.

Winds are named based on the direction they

a)

Are going

b)

Coming from

c)

Both A and B

d)

Neither A nor B

53.

Name that breeze

a)

Sea Breeze

b)

Land Breeze

c)

Valley Breeze

d)

Mountain Breeze

54.

Air moves from a ____ pressure area to a ____ pressure area. 

a)

High / Low

b)

High / High

c)

Low / High

d)

Low / Low

55.

Name that Breeze

a)

Sea Breeze

b)

Land Breeze

c)

Valley Breeze

d)

MOuntain Breeze

56.

.    _____ is caused by the difference between high and low pressure areas.     

a)

High Pressure

b)

Low Pressure

c)

Wind

d)

Jet Stream

57.
Where you will find the ozone layer.
a)
stratosphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
exosphere
d)
mesosphere
58.
Where weather occurs.
a)
stratosphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
troposphere
d)
mesosphere
59.
The hottest layer.
a)
troposphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
exosphere
d)
mesosphere
60.
What happens to the density (thickness)/air pressure of the air as you increase in altitude?
a)
density increases
b)
density decreases
c)
density stays the same
d)
density disappears
61.
This is the layer where meteors, or shooting stars, burn up.
a)
Troposphere
b)
Stratosphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Thermosphere
62.
The higher you go, the air becomes _____ _____.
a)
More dense
b)
Less dense 
63.
The coldest layer.
a)
troposphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
exosphere
d)
mesosphere
64.
Satellites orbit this layer of the atmosphere.
a)
Stratosphere
b)
Exosphere
c)
Thermosphere
d)
Troposphere 
65.
A cold, dry air mass would be called - 
a)
continental tropic
b)
continental polar
c)
maritime polar
d)
continental maritime
66.
When a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet, but they push at each other and neither one can move, it is called a/an - 
a)
warm front
b)
cold front
c)
occluded front
d)
stationary front
67.
The boundary between two air masses is called a/an - 
a)
flood
b)
front
c)
climate
d)
storm
68.
A wet, cold air mass would be - 
a)
maritime tropical 
b)
maritime polar
c)
continental tropical 
d)
continental polar
69.
What type of front is this? 
a)
warm front
b)
cold front
c)
stationary front
d)
occluded front
70.
What type of storm front is this?
a)
warm front
b)
cold front
c)
stationary front
d)
occluded front
71.

What kind of front is this?

a)

warm

b)

cold

c)

occluded

d)

stationary

72.
Which front does this image represent ? 
a)
Cold front
b)
Stationary front
c)
Occluded Front 
d)
Warm front
73.
Which front does this image represent ? 
a)
Cold front
b)
Stationary front
c)
Occluded Front 
d)
Warm front
74.
Which front does this image represent ? 
a)
Cold front
b)
Stationary front
c)
Occluded Front 
d)
Warm front
75.
Which front does this image represent ? 
a)
Cold front
b)
Stationary front
c)
Occluded Front 
d)
Warm front

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