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Environmental Final

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 1hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which nonrenewable resource is primarily used for transportation fuels?

a)

Coal

b)

Natural gas

c)

Nuclear

d)

Petroleum

2.

What is the process of restoring land after mining called?

a)

Excavation

b)

Reclamation

c)

Extraction

d)

Refinement

3.

What gas is released in large amounts when burning fossil fuels?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Helium

4.

Which of the following is a renewable energy source?

a)

Solar

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Nuclear

5.

What is a common environmental impact of burning fossil fuels?

a)

Water purification

b)

Soil enrichment

c)

Noise reduction

d)

Air pollution

6.

What are the top three energy sources used in the US?

a)

Petroleum, Natural Gas, Coal

b)

Solar, Wind, Biomass

c)

Hydropower, Geothermal, Biomass

d)

Nuclear, Wind, Solar

7.

What is an advantage of nonrenewable energy sources?

a)

Unlimited supply

b)

Zero emissions

c)

Easily renewable

d)

Reliable

8.

What type of energy source is coal?

a)

Fossil fuels

b)

Solar energy

c)

Wind energy

d)

Hydropower

9.

What are the main elements in oil?

a)

Oxygen and nitrogen

b)

Sulfur and mercury

c)

Carbon and hydrogen

d)

Lead and arsenic

10.

What is a potential issue with hydraulic fracturing?

a)

Increased water supply

b)

Cleaner water

c)

More fish

d)

Water contamination

11.

What type of mining involves digging down from the surface?

a)

Subsurface mining

b)

Fracking

c)

Drilling

d)

Surface mining

12.

What is a common environmental impact of burning fossil fuels?

a)

Increased biodiversity

b)

Cleaner air

c)

Air pollution

d)

More rainfall

13.

How is oil extracted from the earth?

a)

Mining

b)

Drilling

c)

Fracking

d)

Burning

14.

What is the most used energy source in the US?

a)

Petroleum

b)

Solar

c)

Wind

d)

Geothermal

15.

What type of energy source is formed from ancient plants and animals?

a)

Fossil fuels

b)

Solar energy

c)

Wind energy

d)

Hydropower

16.

What is another name for the process of fracking?

a)

Surface mining

b)

Hydraulic fracturing

c)

Subsurface mining

d)

Oil drilling

17.

What is one environmental impact of mining?

a)

Increased wildlife

b)

Improved air quality

c)

Reduced noise levels

d)

Air and noise pollution

18.

How long does it take for fossil fuels to form?

a)

A few years

b)

A few decades

c)

A few centuries

d)

Millions of years

19.

What is the main component of natural gas?

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Oxygen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Methane

20.

What element is primarily used in nuclear energy?

a)

Uranium

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Petroleum

21.
Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they.......
a)
require expensive equipment
b)
take millions of years to replace
c)
can be found all over 
d)
provide all the energy we use
22.

Which two factors are necessary to generate hydroelectric power?

a)

Water cycle and gravitational energy

b)

Solar energy and wind energy

c)

Nuclear energy and fossil fuels

d)

Geothermal energy and tidal energy

23.

What energy transformations occur during hydropower generation?

a)

Gravitational potential to kinetic to electrical

b)

Chemical to electrical to gravitational potential

c)

Thermal to gravitational potential to mechanical

d)

Nuclear to thermal

24.

Put the general steps of hydroelectric power generation in order:

a)

Water is stored behind a dam.

b)

Water from the reservoir falls to the turbine, spinning it.

c)

Turbine spins generator.

d)

An electrical current is generated.

1)
2)
3)
4)
25.

A pumped storage dam works by:

a)

storing water in an upper reservoir during low demand and releasing it to generate electricity during high demand

b)

using solar panels to generate electricity

c)

harnessing wind energy to pump water

d)

utilizing geothermal energy to heat water

26.

Hydroelectric dams have a significant impact on ecosystems. Which of the following is a specific example of such an impact?

a)

Disruption of fish migration patterns

b)

Increase in local biodiversity

c)

Reduction in water pollution

d)

Enhancement of natural habitats

27.

The wind blows due to:

a)

temperature differences between regions

b)

the rotation of the Earth

c)

the gravitational pull of the moon

d)

the presence of mountains

28.

Put the general steps of wind power generation in order:

a)

Wind spins the blades of the turbine

b)

The low-speed shaft turns the high-speed shaft (via the gearbox)

c)

The high-speed shaft spins the components of the generator

d)

An electrical current is generated

1)
2)
3)
4)
29.

A wind farm is:

a)

a collection of wind turbines in the same location used to produce electricity.

b)

a type of farm where crops are grown using wind energy.

c)

a recreational area where people can experience strong winds.

d)

a facility for studying the effects of wind on the environment.

30.

Put the general steps of solar power generation in order:

a)

Photons of light strike the PV cell

b)

Electrons are excited and begin to move through the PV cell

c)

An electrical current is produced

1)
2)
3)
31.

A group of PV cells is called a _______.

a)

Module

b)

Array

c)

Panel

d)

Grid

32.

A group of solar panels is called a _______.

a)

Array

b)

Cluster

c)

Network

d)

Grid

33.

What are some advantages and disadvantages of hydropower?

4 lines
34.

What are some advantages and disadvantages of wind power?

4 lines
35.

What are some advantages and disadvantages of solar power?

4 lines
36.

What is the definition of weather?

a)

Long-term average weather in a region

b)

Day-to-day atmospheric conditions

c)

Frozen water in the atmosphere

d)

Movement of air

37.

What is the definition of climate?

a)

Day-to-day atmospheric conditions

b)

Long-term average weather in a region

c)

Water vapor in the air

d)

Air pressure changes

38.

The baseball game was cancelled because of a thunderstorm. Is this an example of weather or climate?

a)

weather

b)

climate

c)

season

d)

ecosystem

39.

Deserts get approximately 10 inches of rain a year. Is this an example of weather or climate?

a)

climate

b)

weather

c)

season

d)

forecast

40.

Winters are colder in Wisconsin than California. Is this an example of weather or climate?

a)

climate

b)

weather

c)

season

d)

temperature

41.

Which of the following is NOT one of the spheres that influence climate? Choose the correct answer.

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Lithosphere

d)

Cryosphere

42.

The atmosphere is mostly made up of which two gases? Choose the correct answer.

a)

Nitrogen and Oxygen

b)

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

c)

Nitrogen and Hydrogen

d)

Oxygen and Hydrogen

43.

CO₂ today is approximately ____ ppm (the highest in 3 million+ years!).

a)

420

b)

280

c)

350

d)

500

44.

If there is too little CO₂, what happens to the Earth?

a)

Earth gets too hot

b)

Earth gets too cold

c)

Earth stays the same

d)

Earth gets more rain

45.

If there is too much CO₂, what happens to the Earth?

a)

Earth traps too much heat (global warming)

b)

Earth gets too cold

c)

Earth loses all its water

d)

Earth has more oxygen

46.

Hot air rises, leading to ____ pressure.

a)

low

b)

high

c)

medium

d)

constant

47.

Cold air sinks, leading to ______ pressure.

a)

high

b)

low

c)

medium

d)

variable

48.

Circulating air moves ______ and carbon dioxide around the Earth.

a)

heat

b)

water

c)

dust

d)

light

49.

The equator sends out ______ air/water.

a)

warm

b)

cold

c)

dry

d)

salty

50.

The poles send out ______ air/water.

a)

cold

b)

hot

c)

wet

d)

dry

51.

Sunlight is Earth's ______.

a)

energy source

b)

main food

c)

largest animal

d)

deepest ocean

52.

Energy from sunlight is reflected by which of the following?

a)

Land and water

b)

Clouds, ice, and snow

c)

Greenhouse gases

d)

Oceans

53.

Energy from sunlight is absorbed by which of the following?

a)

Clouds, ice, and snow

b)

Land and water

c)

Greenhouse gases

d)

Oceans

54.

Infrared radiation is released as ______.

a)

heat

b)

light

c)

sound

d)

electricity

55.

Which of the following is NOT a main greenhouse gas?

a)

Water vapor

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Methane

56.

The ocean absorbs ______% of extra planetary heat.

a)

90

b)

50

c)

70

d)

30

57.

Oceans hold ______ times more CO₂ than the atmosphere.

a)

50

b)

5

c)

100

d)

10

58.

Oceans are temperature regulators, food sources, and ______ producers.

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon

c)

sulfur

d)

hydrogen

59.

What oceans are warming the most due to increased heat?

a)

Near the equator and Southern hemisphere

b)

Near the North Pole

60.

Which ocean areas are cooling?

a)

Near the equator

b)

Polar regions by Greenland

c)

Southern hemisphere

61.

Why are the ocean regions by Greenland cooling?

a)

Because glaciers and ice are melting

b)

Because of increased sunlight

c)

Because of volcanic activity

d)

Because of more rainfall

62.

What does the ocean take up that reacts with water to make carbonic acid?

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Oxygen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Methane

63.

What is the effect of ocean acidification on shelled animals?

a)

Provides more carbonate ions

b)

Leaves no carbonate ions for shells

c)

Increases shell thickness

d)

None of the above

64.

Ocean acidification impacts marine life by reducing the number of ______, mollusks, and other shelled animals.

a)

coral

b)

fish

c)

plankton

d)

seaweed

65.

Deoxygenation leads to less ______ in water.

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

hydrogen

d)

nitrogen

66.

Toxic ______ blooms can lead to dead zones in the ocean.

a)

algae

b)

coral

c)

kelp

d)

plankton

67.

Which of the following is NOT a frozen Earth part?

a)

Glaciers

b)

Ice sheets

c)

Deserts

d)

Permafrost

68.

High albedo means ice ______ sunlight and keeps Earth cool.

a)

Absorbs

b)

Reflects

c)

Blocks

d)

Emits

69.

Why do the poles get less direct sunlight, resulting in colder temperatures?

a)

Solar insolation

b)

Ocean currents

c)

Wind patterns

d)

Volcanic eruptions

70.

What are the effects of melting land ice?

a)

A) Sea level rise

b)

B) Coastal flooding

c)

C) Habitat loss

d)

D) All of the above

71.

Why is Greenland melting faster than Antarctica?

a)

The Southern hemisphere has more water, so it stays cooler. Also, water currents.

b)

Greenland is closer to the equator.

c)

Antarctica receives more sunlight.

d)

Greenland has more ice.

72.

Does melting sea ice directly cause sea level rise?

a)

No, but it can indirectly.

b)

Yes, it causes immediate sea level rise.

c)

Yes, it causes rapid flooding.

d)

No, it has no effect at all.

73.

What happens when albedo decreases?

a)

Less heat is absorbed

b)

More heat is absorbed, leading to more melting

c)

No change in heat absorption

d)

Ice forms faster

74.

Sea level is projected to reach how much by 2050, impacting 40% of US populations?

a)

1 foot

b)

3 feet

c)

6 inches

d)

2 meters

75.

Which of the following is a human cause of climate change?

a)

Burning fossil fuels

b)

Deforestation

c)

Landfills

d)

All of the above

76.

What greenhouse gas is produced by cows in agriculture?

a)

Methane

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Ozone

d)

Nitrous oxide

77.

What is the effect of albedo shifts due to more dark surfaces?

a)

More heat is absorbed, contributing to climate change.

b)

Less heat is absorbed, leading to cooling.

c)

There is no effect on temperature.

d)

It increases the amount of reflected sunlight.

78.

Fill in the blank: One effect of climate change on humans is ______ level rise, which can lead to floods and housing loss.

a)

sea

b)

tree

c)

mountain

d)

road

79.

Fill in the blank: Climate change can cause health issues such as asthma, heatstroke, and ______.

a)

allergies

b)

fractures

c)

appendicitis

d)

chickenpox

e)

migraine

80.

Fill in the blank: Crop failures due to climate change can lead to ______.

a)

hunger

b)

wealth

c)

technological advancement

d)

urbanization

81.

Fill in the blank: Climate change can cause freshwater scarcity, including drought, saltwater intrusion, and ______.

a)

contamination

b)

flooding

c)

deforestation

d)

urbanization

82.

The difference between weather and climate is:

a)

Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, while climate refers to long-term patterns.

b)

Weather and climate both refer to the same thing.

c)

Climate refers to daily changes, while weather refers to yearly patterns.

d)

There is no difference between weather and climate.

83.

Earth systems (hydrosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere) shape climate by:

a)

Regulating temperature and precipitation patterns

b)

Producing fossil fuels

c)

Causing earthquakes

d)

Forming mountains

84.

CO₂ affects climate by:

a)

Increasing global temperatures by trapping heat

b)

Decreasing global temperatures by reflecting sunlight

c)

Having no effect on climate

d)

Cooling the Earth by absorbing sunlight

85.

Ocean temperature and circulation impact climate by:

a)

Regulating heat distribution across the planet

b)

Increasing volcanic activity

c)

Decreasing atmospheric pressure globally

d)

Causing earthquakes

86.

The cryosphere plays a role in:

a)

regulating Earth's temperature

b)

producing oxygen

c)

causing earthquakes

d)

supporting plant photosynthesis

87.

What happens when greenhouse gases increase?

a)

The Earth's temperature rises

b)

The Earth's temperature falls

c)

There is no change in temperature

d)

The amount of oxygen increases

88.

Human actions are causing climate change mainly by:

a)

Planting more trees

b)

Reducing energy use

c)

Burning fossil fuels

d)

Using renewable energy

89.

Which observation describes a change in climate rather than a change in weather?

a)

The thunderstorm dropped about three centimeters of rain today.

b)

The average summer temperatures have increased over the last ten years.

c)

The snowfall in this area was more this week than it was last week.

d)

The average wind speed in April was less than it was in March.

90.
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
a)
A. Coal, oil, and vegetable oil. 
b)
B. Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
c)
C. Electricity, Gasoline, Petroleum
d)
D. Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources
91.

The clearing of Earth's forests on a massive scale, often resulting in damage to the quality of the land.

a)

Deforestation

b)

Agriculture

c)

Rainforests

d)

Farming

92.

Deforestation causes an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide

a)

true

b)

false

93.

What is desertification?

a)

Area with low precipitation

b)

Prolonged drought leads to soil becoming

looser and drier

c)

Area with high risk of precipitation

94.

How does a carbon tax encourage people to lower their carbon footprint?

a)

A carbon tax reduces the overall cost of living, encouraging more consumption.

b)

A carbon tax has no impact on individual behavior regarding emissions.

c)

A carbon tax is used to fund fossil fuel projects, increasing carbon emissions.

d)

A carbon tax encourages people to lower their carbon footprint by making carbon emissions more expensive, prompting shifts towards sustainable practices.

95.

Which are nonrenewable energy sources? Check all that apply.

a)

Petroleum

b)

Biomass

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Geothermal

e)

Coal

96.

Match the following words with their examples

a)

windmills and turbines

1.

wind power

b)

dams and waterfalls

2.

hydroelectric power

c)

photovoltaic cells

3.

solar power

d)

wood chips, corn stalks, sugar cane, animal manure

4.

biomass power

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