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Health Science 1 Final Review

Total questions: 79

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which organ is found in the buccal cavity?

a)

cecum

b)

esophagus

c)

pylorus

d)

tongue

2.

Which structure is found in the abdominal cavity?

a)

parotid gland

b)

esophagus

c)

intestines

d)

palate

3.

Laws that protect people who willingly give emergency care without accepting anything in return are known as:

a)

Medical Immunity laws.

b)

Citizen Responder laws.

c)

Good Samaritan laws.

d)

hold harmless laws.

4.

What is the relationship of the arms to the body’s core?

a)

distal

b)

lateral

c)

medial

d)

proximal

5.

Rose was eating her peanut butter and jelly sandwich at lunch when suddenly her friend began to experience difficulty breathing and severe itching. Rose remembered that her friend was allergic to peanuts. What action should Rose take next?

a)

Help her friend administer an EpiPen because her friend is experiencing anaphylaxis and call 911.

b)

Wash her friend's hands because her friend may have touched Rose's sandwich by mistake.

c)

Tell her friend to go to the school nurse's office to be examined.

d)

Give her friend 2 rescue breaths because she is choking.

6.

In relation to skin, muscle is:

a)

deep

b)

lateral

c)

medial

d)

superficial

7.

Which guideline will help ensure one's personal safety at an emergency scene?

a)

Having a balanced diet and staying in shape in order have the proper endurance to provide medical care to a victim

b)

Moving the victim to a comfortable position prior to providing care

c)

Ensuring one's communication device stays fully charged

d)

Taking the time to evaluate the scene before proceeding

8.

In relation to the hip, the toes are:

a)

distal.

b)

lateral.

c)

medial.

d)

proximal.

9.

When Kayla walks back into her house after playing in the snow, she notices the warmth from the fireplace, the smell of brownies baking in the oven, and the sound of holiday music. Which body system allows Kayla to have these experiences?

a)

circulatory

b)

endocrine

c)

respiratory

d)

sensory

10.

Which body cavity has the most inferior location?

a)

abdominal

b)

cranial

c)

pelvic

d)

thoracic

11.

Which abdominal region is on either side of the epigastric region?

a)

hypochondriac

b)

iliac

c)

lumbar

d)

umbilical

12.

Which body cavity is included in the dorsal cavity?

a)

abdominal

b)

cranial

c)

pelvic

d)

thoracic

13.

First responders have certain characteristics that help them work effectively. Which characteristic would be most beneficial?

a)

providing direct care at an emergency scene immediately upon arrival

b)

administering medication to victims on scene

c)

controlling all responders at the scene

d)

staying healthy and fit

14.

In relation to the diaphragm, the location of the heart is:

a)

distal.

b)

inferior.

c)

lateral.

d)

superior.

15.

Which structure is composed of two thin tissue layers that secrete fluids?

a)

ligament

b)

membrane

c)

skin

d)

tendon

16.

Which muscle is located on the head?

a)

gluteus maximus

b)

external oblique

c)

diaphragm

d)

occipitalis

17.

The thick middle layer of the hair shaft that provides strength and color is the:

a)

cortex.

b)

follicle.

c)

medulla.

d)

shaft.

18.

What is the name of the soft area on an infant’s head where bone has yet to be formed?

a)

cartilage

b)

fontanel

c)

foramen

d)

fossa

19.

The appendicular skeleton includes the:

a)

bones of the spinal column.

b)

bones of the skull.

c)

bones of the arm.

d)

ribs and sternum.

20.

A patient presents uneven posture caused by an abnormal side-to-side curvature of the spine. The most likely diagnosis will be:

a)

kyphosis.

b)

lordosis.

c)

osteoporosis.

d)

scoliosis.

21.

When a gymnast performs a head stand, what characteristic of muscles describes what is happening to his chest and shoulder muscles?

a)

contractibility

b)

elasticity

c)

excitability

d)

extensibility

22.

The second largest bone of the skeletal system, which attaches to the scapula to form a ball-and-socket joint, is the:

a)

femur.

b)

humerus.

c)

radius.

d)

ulna.

23.

Which muscle is on the posterior aspect of the lower leg?

a)

gastrocnemius

b)

vastus medialis

c)

sartorius

d)

hamstring

24.

Cindy has a dislocated shoulder. Her doctor has recommended six weeks of physical therapy. This will impact which function of the skeletal system?

a)

mineral storage

b)

hemopoiesis

c)

movement

d)

protection

25.

The term atrophy means:

a)

enlargement.

b)

without pain.

c)

sensation.

d)

shrinking.

26.

The outer covering of long bones is known as the:

a)

diaphysis.

b)

endosteum.

c)

epiphysis.

d)

periosteum.

27.

The inner lining of long bones is the:

a)

diaphysis.

b)

endosteum.

c)

epiphysis.

d)

periosteum.

28.

Which structure is an appendage of the skin?

a)

adipose fat

b)

epidermis

c)

dermis

d)

hair

29.

Skin conditions caused by contact with allergens, frequent handwashing, or exposure to chemicals are classified as:

a)

herpes simplex

b)

athlete’s foot

c)

dermatitis

d)

acne

30.

The matrix is the nail:

a)

bed.

b)

body.

c)

keratin.

d)

root.

31.

Which disorder can be prevented by refraining from sharing towels and wearing shoes in the locker room?

a)

herpes simplex

b)

athlete’s foot

c)

alopecia

d)

acne

32.

Which skin condition is commonly transmitted through sexual contact?

a)

herpes simplex type 2

b)

acne vulgaris

c)

plantar warts

d)

eczema

33.

The innermost layer of the skin is the:

a)

stratum corneum.

b)

subcutaneous.

c)

epidermis.

d)

dermis.

34.

Amanda is a teenage girl and shows signs of acne on her forehead and chin. It seems to be worse the day after playing sports. Which glands are working more at this time and most likely causing Amanda’s acne?

a)

sudoriferous glands

b)

sebaceous glands

c)

endocrine glands

d)

exocrine glands

35.

What disorder does Preston have?

a)

muscular dystrophy

b)

myasthenia gravis

c)

fibromyalgia

d)

tendinitis

36.

Which part of the nerve cell is specially constructed to transmit a message from one cell to another nerve cell?

a)

myelin sheath

b)

dendrite

c)

neuron

d)

axon

37.

Which part of the kidney contains the functional units known as nephrons?

a)

renal medulla

b)

renal capsule

c)

renal cortex

d)

renal pelvis

38.

A fifty-year-old patient was recently diagnosed with diabetes. The urinalysis revealed glycosuria, indicating that the patient’s kidney exceeded its threshold. Which process of urine formation was ineffective?

a)

excretion

b)

filtration

c)

reabsorption

d)

secretion

39.

Which step of the urine formation process transports creatinine, hydrogen ions, potassium ions and some drugs from the blood to the collecting tubules?

a)

elimination

b)

filtration

c)

reabsorption

d)

secretion

40.

As filtrate passes through the descending loop of Henle, which substance is reabsorbed in the largest amount?

a)

chloride

b)

potassium

c)

sodium

d)

water

41.

The medical term for excessive urination is:

a)

incontinence.

b)

nocturia.

c)

oliguria.

d)

polyuria.

42.

When a patient has problems with urinary incontinence, he/she may worry about which urinary function?

a)

maintaining fluid balance in the body

b)

passing urine through the ureters

c)

filtering impurities from the urine

d)

storing and eliminating urine

43.

After digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is completed, absorption of nutrients occurs in the:

a)

large intestine.

b)

small intestine.

c)

stomach.

d)

liver.

44.

Faith routinely takes ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication for minor aches and pains. She begins experiencing epigastric pain between meals and early in the morning. Her doctor explains that she has developed a sore in the lining of her stomach. What is Faith’s most likely diagnosis?

a)

irritable bowel syndrome

b)

gastroenteritis

c)

hiatal hernia

d)

peptic ulcer

45.

Keshia developed white patches on her tongue after taking a long course of antibiotics. Which condition is Keshia most likely experiencing?

a)

strawberry tongue

b)

strep throat

c)

glossitis

d)

thrush

46.

Matt has a tumor that is causing difficulty with the transmission of visual messages to the brain. What structure is impaired?

a)

optic nerve

b)

optic disk

c)

cones

d)

rods

47.

Which parts of the ear does the tympanic membrane separate?

a)

pinna and ear canal

b)

outer and inner ear

c)

middle and inner ear

d)

outer and middle ear

48.

What is the window of the eye?

a)

cornea

b)

iris

c)

retina

d)

sclera

49.

What role do saliva and digestive enzymes play in breaking down food?

a)

elimination of waste products

b)

absorption of nutrients

c)

chemical digestion

d)

physical digestion

50.

Hyperopia is to myopia as:

a)

farsightedness is to nearsightedness.

b)

nearsightedness is to farsightedness.

c)

glaucoma is to conjunctivitis.

d)

presbyopia is to astigmatism.

51.

The structure made of bone and cartilage in the nose that separates the nasal cavity into two nostrils is the:

a)

olfactory bulb.

b)

nasal septum.

c)

frontal bone.

d)

nasal polyp.

52.

Anna is recovering from a fight with Arianne. Anna’s breathing is slowing down, her pulse is slowing, and she is fatigued. What part of the nervous system is responsible for these changes?

a)

parasympathetic

b)

cranial nerves

c)

spinal nerves

d)

sympathetic

53.

The part of the brain located below the cerebrum is the:

a)

cerebellum.

b)

diencephalon.

c)

hypothalamus.

d)

thalamus.

54.

Trey has symptoms of severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. At the doctor’s office, Trey had a lumbar puncture. His doctor is concerned Trey may have which disorder?

a)

hydroencephalitis

b)

cerebral palsy

c)

meningitis

d)

epilepsy

55.

Michael got into a fight with Andre over his girlfriend. Michael’s heart rate increased, his palms got sweaty, and he felt a surge of energy. What part of the nervous system was responsible for these changes?

a)

parasympathetic

b)

cranial nerves

c)

spinal nerves

d)

sympathetic

56.

Dr. Brown is checking Ashley’s patellar tendon reflex. What part of the nervous system is Dr. Brown assessing?

a)

parasympathetic

b)

cranial nerves

c)

spinal nerves

d)

sympathetic

57.

Runners who eat pancakes and pasta before a race choose these foods because these foods provide extra energy from:

a)

carbohydrates.

b)

folic acid.

c)

proteins.

d)

iron.

58.

The digestive organ responsible for elimination of waste is the:

a)

large intestine.

b)

small intestine.

c)

pancreas.

d)

stomach.

59.

Which digestive structure is responsible for the physical breakdown of food?

a)

salivary glands

b)

large intestine

c)

pharynx

d)

teeth

60.

The digestive system is also known as the:

a)

nutrient absorption system.

b)

alimentary canal.

c)

elimination canal.

d)

intestinal tract.

61.

61. Anna has difficulty driving at night. What structure is impaired?

a)

optic nerve

b)

optic disk

c)

cones

d)

rods

62.

Which structure is a hollow muscular sac?

a)

bladder

b)

kidney

c)

ureter

d)

urethra

63.

The digestive prefix chole- means:

a)

bile.

b)

colon.

c)

cyst.

d)

green.

64.

Which structure is located within the large intestine?

a)

descending colon

b)

duodenum

c)

jejunum

d)

ileum

65.

A toddler has repeated episodes of otitis media. Which option would most likely be used to treat the toddler’s disorder?

a)

appendectomy

b)

myringotomy

c)

rhinoplasty

d)

stapedectomy

66.

The term gastro means:

a)

esophagus.

b)

gums.

c)

stomach.

d)

tongue.

67.

What is the medical term for taste buds?

a)

alveoli

b)

cilia

c)

papillae

d)

pinnae

68.

The digestive disorder that may occur if a person abuses alcohol or Tylenol is:

a)

cirrhosis.

b)

constipation.

c)

diarrhea.

d)

ulcers.

69.

Weston presented in the emergency department with abdominal pain and nausea after eating a meal that was high in fat. His symptoms indicate which most likely diagnosis?

a)

gastroesophageal reflux

b)

gastroenteritis

c)

cholelithiasis

d)

hepatitis C

70.

Marshall went to the doctor due to a reddened, swollen, painful area on his eyelid. The doctor explained that he had developed an abscess at the base of an eyelash and recommended placing a warm, wet compress over the eye to promote drainage. What disorder has Marshall been diagnosed with?

a)

detached retina

b)

conjunctivitis

c)

hordeolum

d)

glaucoma

71.

Joe has impacted ear wax in his right ear. What sensory disorder does he have?

a)

sensorineural hearing loss

b)

conductive hearing loss

c)

tinnitus

d)

vertigo

72.

Which lobe of the brain coordinates voluntary muscle movement?

a)

frontal

b)

occipital

c)

parietal

d)

temporal

73.

The brain and the spinal cord are part of the:

a)

autonomic nervous system.

b)

peripheral nervous system.

c)

central nervous system.

d)

cranial nerve.

74.

Maria is a 25-year-old female and is experiencing numbness and weakness in her legs. She also feels tingling in her hands. She is always extremely tired and often feels dizzy. The doctor is certain that she has a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. What is her probable diagnosis?

a)

multiple sclerosis

b)

hydrocephalus

c)

meningitis

d)

epilepsy

75.

The membrane covering of the brain is known as the:

a)

cerebral aqueduct.

b)

choroid plexus.

c)

meninges.

d)

ventricles.

76.

Menopause normally occurs between the ages of forty-five and fifty-five, but can be induced prematurely by which procedure?

a)

oophorectomy

b)

tubal ligation

c)

mastectomy

d)

Pap smear

77.

Which lymphatic structures closely parallel veins?

a)

lymphatic tissues

b)

lymph vessels

c)

lymph nodes

d)

lymphocytes

78.

Which hormone is most likely deficient for a teenage girl who has undeveloped breasts and an absence of her first menstruation cycle?

a)

estrogen

b)

insulin

c)

oxytocin

d)

testosterone

79.

Which gland is posterior to the sternum?

a)

parathyroid

b)

pituitary

c)

thymus

d)

thyroid