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WorksheetsShoulder complex
Total questions: 66
Worksheet time: 33mins
Instability at the sternoclavicular joint may involve damage to which ligaments?
Coracoacromial and coracoclavicular
Costoclavicular, sternoclavicular, and interclavicular
Glenohumeral, interclavicular, and transverse humeral
Acromioclavicular and costoclavicular only
What distinguishes a Type I from a Type II acromioclavicular joint injury?
Type I involves complete disruption of the AC and CC ligaments
Type I is a clavicle fracture
Type I involves a strain of the AC ligament, Type II involves partial tear of the AC ligament
Type I involves full dislocation of the clavicle
What distinguishes a Type II from a Type III acromioclavicular joint injury?
Type III is a sprain while Type II is a rupture
Type III involves full tear of both AC and CC ligaments, Type II does not
Type II is associated with clavicular fracture
Type III includes coracoid fracture
In an anterior surgical approach to repair a torn glenoid labrum, which structures must be penetrated?
Deltoid, trapezius, supraspinatus, bursa
Pectoralis major, deltoid, coracobrachialis tendon, subscapularis tendon, short head of biceps tendon, anterior joint capsule, subacromial bursa, labrum
Clavicle, acromion, glenoid
Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, latissimus dorsi
In an anterior surgical approach to tighten the anterior joint capsule, which structures must be penetrated?
Pectoralis major, deltoid, subscapularis tendon, coracobrachialis tendon, short head of biceps tendon, and joint capsule
Deltoid, clavicle, trapezius
Rhomboids, infraspinatus, teres major
Biceps tendon, coracobrachialis, glenoid cavity
Enlargement of which structures would reduce subacromial space?
Clavicle, acromion, coracoid process, infraspinatus tendon, deltoid
Acromion process, coracoacromial ligament, supraspinatus tendon, long head of biceps tendon, subacromial bursa
Labrum, pectoralis major, teres major
Posterior capsule, latissimus dorsi, glenoid fossa
Damage to the suprascapular nerve would affect sensation in which joint(s)?
Elbow and wrist
Glenohumeral and acromioclavicular
Sternoclavicular and radioulnar
Costovertebral
Damage to the axillary nerve would affect sensation in which joint(s)?
Glenohumeral and acromioclavicular
Acromioclavicular only
Sternoclavicular and glenohumeral
Elbow
Which muscles produce scapular retraction?
Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor
Rhomboids and trapezius
Subclavius and deltoid
Pectoralis major and coracobrachialis
Which muscles produce scapular elevation?
Levator scapulae, rhomboids, and upper trapezius
Rhomboid minor and major
Pectoralis minor and subclavius
Teres major and supraspinatus
Which muscles produce scapular protraction?
Trapezius and rhomboids
Serratus anterior
Deltoid and levator scapulae
Infraspinatus and teres minor
Which muscles produce scapular upward rotation?
Trapezius and serratus anterior
Levator scapulae and rhomboids
Pectoralis minor and deltoid
Teres major and latissimus dorsi
Which muscles produce scapular downward rotation?
Trapezius and serratus anterior
Rhomboids, levator scapulae, and pectoralis minor
Subscapularis and teres major
Supraspinatus and deltoid
Which of the following muscles are primarily responsible for glenohumeral flexion?
Posterior deltoid, teres major, and latissimus dorsi
Middle deltoid, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus
Anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and pectoralis major/latissimus dorsi (when starting from extension)
Subscapularis, teres minor, and triceps brachii
Which muscles produce glenohumeral extension?
Anterior deltoid and supraspinatus
Latissimus dorsi, teres major, posterior deltoid
Infraspinatus and teres minor
Subclavius and rhomboids
Which muscles produce glenohumeral abduction?
Deltoid, biceps, and supraspinatus
Pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi
Teres major and teres minor
Rhomboids and trapezius
Which muscles produce glenohumeral external rotation?
Subscapularis and latissimus dorsi
Infraspinatus, supraspinatus, posterior deltoid, and teres minor
Teres major/minor, anterior deltoid, and pectoralis major
Deltoid and coracobrachialis
Which muscles produce glenohumeral internal rotation?
Infraspinatus and teres minor
Pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi, anterior deltoid, and subscapularis
Supraspinatus, rhomboids and deltoid
Rhomboids and levator scapulae
Which muscles produce both glenohumeral adduction and internal rotation?
Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major
Deltoid and supraspinatus
Rhomboids and trapezius
Levator scapulae and subclavius
Which muscle produces both extension and external rotation of the glenohumeral joint?
Posterior deltoid and infraspinatus
Pectoralis major and minor
Subscapularis and supraspinatus
middle deltoid and pectoralis major
Which muscle performs both flexion and internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint?
Pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, teres major, and subscapularis
Teres minor and major
Infraspinatus, and posterior deltoid
Rhomboid major/minor and levator scapulae
What movement would be impaired by damage to the dorsal scapular nerve?
Scapular protraction, depression
Scapular retraction, elevation, and downward rotation
Glenohumeral flexion, and extension
Elbow extension
What movement would be impaired by damage to the axillary nerve?
Shoulder abduction, internal rotation, external rotation, flexion and extension
Wrist flexion and extension
Elbow extension and flexion, abduction
Scapular elevation, and depression
What muscles would be impaired by damage to the medial pectoral nerve?
Pectoralis major and minor
Deltoid and supraspinatus
Rhomboids and levator scapulae
Subclavius and infraspinatus
What movements would be impaired by damage to the suprascapular nerve?
External rotation, internal rotation, adduction and abduction
Internal rotation and extension
Flexion and adduction
Wrist extension
What movement would be impaired by damage to the spinal accessory nerve?
Scapular elevation
Shoulder abduction
Elbow extension
Glenohumeral internal rotation
What are the boundaries of the axillary artery?
Medial border of the clavicle to the inferior border of the pectoralis major
Lateral border of the sternum to the superior border of the scapula
Medial border of the scapula to the lateral border of the teres minor
Lateral border of the first rib to the inferior border of the teres major muscle
What are the boundaries of Part I and Part II of the axillary artery?
Part I: medial border of 1st rib to medial border of pectoralis minor; Part II: deep to pectoralis minor muscle
Part I: lateral border of 1st rib to superior border of pectoralis minor; Part II: deep to pectoralis minor muscle
Part I: medial border of clavicle to lateral border of pectoralis minor; Part II: deep to pectoralis major
Part I: lateral border of 2nd rib to medial border of teres major; Part II: deep to subscapularis
Blockage of Part II will affect what branches of the axillary artery?
Superior thoracic artery
Thoracoacromial artery, lateral thoracic artery and anterior and posterior humeral circumflex arteries
Subscapular artery and anterior circumflex humeral artery
Posterior circumflex humeral artery and subscapular artery
Blockage of Part III will affect what branches of the axillary artery?
Superior thoracic and thoracoacromial arteries
Lateral thoracic artery and anterior circumflex humeral artery
Subscapular artery, anterior circumflex humeral artery, and posterior circumflex humeral artery
Thoracoacromial artery and superior thoracic artery
What two branches of Part III of the axillary artery are most likely to supply the glenohumeral joint?
Thoracoacromial and lateral thoracic arteries
Subscapular and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Superior thoracic and thoracoacromial arteries
What branch of what artery of Part II of the axillary artery is most likely to supply the acromioclavicular joint?
Thoracoacromial artery - acromial branch
Lateral thoracic artery - pectoral branch
Subscapular artery - circumflex scapular branch
Anterior circumflex humeral artery - ascending branch
What are the two main superficial veins of the upper limb?
Basilic and cephalic veins
Subclavian and axillary veins
Median cubital and radial veins
Brachial and cephalic veins
What areas of the upper limb are drained by the cephalic vein?
Medial aspect of the arm, forearm, and hand
Lateral aspect of the arm, forearm, and hand
Posterior forearm and hand
Entire upper limb
What are the boundaries of the axillary vein?
From inferior border of teres major to lateral border of clavicle
From medial border of clavicle to inferior border of teres minor
From lateral border of clavicle to medial border of pectoralis minor
From lateral border of pectoralis minor to inferior border of teres major
How are the deep veins accompanying the arteries in the upper limb named?
According to the name of the accompanying artery
Completely different names unrelated to arteries
Named after nearby bones
Named after associated muscles
Which spinal nerve mainly contributes to the Superior trunk?
C5 and C6
C7 only
C8 and T1
T1 only
Which spinal nerve mainly contributes to the Medial cord?
C8 and T1
C5 and C6
C7
T1 only
Which spinal nerve mainly contributes to the Posterior cord?
C5 to C8
C5 only
C8 and T1
C7 only
Which spinal nerve mainly contributes to the Lateral cord?
C5 to C7
C8 and T1
C5 only
C7 only
Which spinal nerve mainly contributes to the Inferior trunk?
C8 and T1
C5 and C6
C7 only
T2 only
What are the terminal branches and from what cords do each of these receive their nerve fibers?
Musculocutaneous (lateral cord), Median (medial & lateral cords), Ulnar (medial cord), Axillary and Radial (posterior cord)
Musculocutaneous (medial cord), Median (lateral cord), Ulnar (posterior cord), Axillary and Radial (medial cord)
Musculocutaneous (posterior cord), Median (lateral cord), Ulnar (lateral cord), Axillary and Radial (medial cord)
Musculocutaneous (lateral cord), Median (posterior cord), Ulnar (medial cord), Axillary and Radial (lateral cord)
What are the branches of the Superior trunk?
Suprascapular nerve and nerve to subclavius
Axillary and radial nerves
Musculocutaneous and median nerves
Ulnar and median nerves
What are the branches of the Middle trunk?
No branches
Nerve to subclavius
Suprascapular nerve
Axillary nerve
What are the branches of the Lateral cord?
Musculocutaneous, lateral pectoral and lateral branch of median nerve
Axillary and radial nerves only
Ulnar nerve only
Axillary, radial, thoracodorsal, and subscapular nerves
What are the branches of the Medial cord?
Ulnar nerve to median nerve, medial pectoral nerve, medial brachial cutaneous, antebrachial cutaneous
Musculocutaneous nerve only
Musculocutaneous, lateral pectoral, and lateral branch to median nerve
Axillary nerve
What are the branches of the Posterior cord?
Axillary, radial, thoracodorsal, and subscapular nerves
Musculocutaneous, lateral pectoral, and lateral branch to median nerve
Median nerve
Ulnar nerve only
Trauma to only the superficial part of the posterior cervical triangle will affect which sensory nerves and impair sensation to which part of the head and neck? Will there be any motor nerve involvement?
Sensory: Lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular nerves; Sensation to skin over lateral neck and scalp; Motor: Yes, sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
Sensory: Phrenic nerve; Sensation to anterior neck; Motor: Yes, trapezius muscle
Sensory: Accessory nerve; Sensation to scalp; Motor: Yes, sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
Sensory: Dorsal scapular nerve; Sensation to upper back; Motor: No
Trauma to only the deep part of the posterior cervical triangle will affect which motor nerves? What effect will this have on the brachial plexus? Which nerves will be affected?
Accessory nerve; No effect on brachial plexus; No affected nerves
Roots and trunks of brachial plexus; Weakness/paralysis in upper limb muscles; C5 to T1 nerves affected
Phrenic nerve; Diaphragm paralysis; No effect on brachial plexus
Long thoracic nerve; Serratus anterior paralysis only; No effect on brachial plexus
Tightness of the scalenus medius will affect which nerves?
Phrenic nerve
Long thoracic nerve (C5-7)
Accessory nerve
Dorsal scapular nerve only
What is the difference between the supraclavicular nerves and the supraclavicular part of the brachial plexus?
Supraclavicular nerves from the cervical plexus innervate the skin over the clavicle; Supraclavicular part of brachial plexus consists of ventral rami, trunks and nerves off the rami and trunks.
Both are sensory nerves only
Supraclavicular nerves of the cervical plexus is motor nerves only; Supraclavicular part of brachial plexus consist of sensory nerves only
They are the same structure
What muscle forms the anterior boundary of the posterior cervical triangle?
Trapezius
Clavicle
Omohyoid
Sternocleidomastoid
Which structure crosses and subdivides the posterior cervical triangle into two parts?
Trapezius
Sternohyoid
Inferior belly of the Omohyoid
Scalenus anterior
The superior subdivision of the posterior cervical triangle is called:
Supraclavicular triangle
Submandibular triangle
Occipital triangle
Submental triangle
The prevertebral layer of the cervical fascia is:
Superficial to the sternocleidomastoid
Deep to the superficial layer
Lateral to the trapezius
Anterior to the trachea
The superficial layer of the cervical fascia surrounds which two muscles?
Omohyoid and sternohyoid
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
Scalenus anterior and medius
Digastric and omohyoid
Which nerve traverses the posterior cervical triangle to innervate the trapezius?
Phrenic nerve
Supraclavicular nerve
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
Dorsal scapular nerve
The dorsal scapular nerve innervates which muscles?
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
Levator scapulae, rhomboid minor, and major
Scalenus medius and anterior
Omohyoid and sternohyoid
The supraclavicular nerves are derived from which spinal nerve roots?
C1–C2
C3–C4
C5–C6
C7–C8
Which artery arises from the thyrocervical trunk and runs above the clavicle?
Occipital artery
Suprascapular artery
Internal carotid artery
Subclavian artery
The external jugular vein is formed by the union of which two veins?
Subclavian and axillary
Maxillary and vertebral
Retromandibular and posterior auricular
Internal jugular and occipital
Which nerve is at risk of entrapment between the scalene muscles?
Phrenic nerve
Long thoracic nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Supraclavicular nerve
The phrenic nerve originates from which spinal nerves?
C1–C3
C2–C4
C3–C5
C5–C7
Which structure forms the muscular floor of the deep posterior cervical triangle?
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalene posterior
Splenius capitis
Omohyoid
Tightness of the scalene muscles may cause:
Facial palsy
Carotid artery blockage
Compression of the brachial plexus
Damage to cranial nerves
Which part of the brachial plexus lies in the supraclavicular part of the posterior cervical triangle?
Terminal branches
Cords
Roots, trunks and divisions
Roots only
