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WorksheetsD40 MASTER THE DAY
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
If the gross head is 100 m and net head is 70m, what is the hydraulic efficiency?
a)
80%
b)
70%
c)
60%
d)
20%
2.
Ratio of actual energy to maximum possible energy is
a)
Installed capacity
b)
Capacity factor
c)
Overall efficiency
d)
Head loss
3.
Which type of turbine is suitable for medium head and discharge?
a)
Kaplan
b)
Francis
c)
Pelton
d)
Turgo
4.
Where is the surge tank located in a hydroelectric system?
a)
Upstream of turbine
b)
Inside power house
c)
At tailrace
d)
Below draft tube
5.
Which component helps maintain constant pressure before the turbine?
a)
Forebay
b)
Surge tank
c)
Penstock
d)
Spillway
6.
What is the function of a penstock?
a)
Store water
b)
Generate electricity
c)
Control voltage
d)
Deliver water under pressure
7.
Draft tubes are provided to:
a)
Reduce cavitation
b)
Increase velocity
c)
Generate power
d)
Transfer energy
8.
Forebay is located at the:
a)
Downstream of tailrace
b)
Just before penstock
c)
Inside draft tube
d)
After turbine
9.
Which factor is essential for selecting turbine type?
a)
Speed
b)
Load
c)
Head and discharge
d)
Reservoir depth
10.
Impulse turbines operate with:
a)
Water under pressure
b)
Jet velocity
c)
Submerged flow
d)
Radial flow
11.
Reaction turbines are installed:
a)
Above tailrace
b)
In dry chamber
c)
Below tailrace
d)
On top of penstock
12.
Which component is not involved in energy conversion?
a)
Turbine
b)
Generator
c)
Draft tube
d)
Forebay
13.
What is a flume?
a)
Turbine pipe
b)
Open water channel
c)
Submerged pump
d)
Electrical switch
14.
Which factor affects the capacity factor?
a)
Installed capacity
b)
Gross head
c)
Load variation
d)
Penstock length
15.
Efficiency of a hydropower plant depends on:
a)
Only turbine
b)
Turbine and generator
c)
Forebay and draft tube
d)
Tailrace and spillway
16.
Impulse turbines require:
a)
High pressure
b)
Submergence
c)
Free jet
d)
No penstock
17.
Reaction turbines require:
a)
No draft tube
b)
No casing
c)
Water under pressure
d)
External rotor
18.
The main cause of water hammer is:
a)
Constant flow
b)
Sudden load change
c)
Turbine speed
d)
Tailrace level
19.
Overall efficiency of a hydro project is typically:
a)
30%–50%
b)
60%–70%
c)
80%–90%
d)
100%
20.
Which type of turbine has only kinetic energy at the inlet?
a)
Impulse turbine
b)
Reaction turbine
c)
Mixed flow turbine
d)
Axial flow turbine
21.
Which component is NOT required for impulse turbines?
a)
Casing
b)
Nozzle
c)
Runner
d)
Jet
22.
Which turbine uses both pressure and kinetic energy at the inlet?
a)
Impulse turbine
b)
Reaction turbine
c)
Turgo turbine
d)
Banki turbine
23.
Which turbine is an example of a tangential flow type?
a)
Francis
b)
Kaplan
c)
Pelton
d)
Fourneyron
24.
In a radial inward flow turbine, water enters at:
a)
Center and exits at outer
b)
Outer and exits at inner
c)
Both at center
d)
Both at outer
25.
Which turbine is classified as axial flow?
a)
Francis
b)
Thomson
c)
Kaplan
d)
Pelton
26.
What is the purpose of a draft tube in a turbine system?
a)
Reduce water hammer
b)
Increase flow velocity
c)
Connect turbine to tailrace
d)
Store water
27.
Which unit measures efficiency of conversion in hydroelectric plants?
a)
Watt-hour
b)
Overall efficiency
c)
Capacity factor
d)
Specific speed
28.
Gross head in a hydro power plant is defined as:
a)
Head lost in friction
b)
Height between tailrace and reservoir
c)
Output power
d)
Input velocity
29.
Which of the following requires an airtight casing?
a)
Impulse turbine
b)
Reaction turbine
c)
Kaplan turbine
d)
Turgo turbine
30.
The shaft of a turbine is used to transfer:
a)
Thermal energy
b)
Hydraulic energy
c)
Mechanical energy
d)
Electrical energy
31.
Unit quantities are calculated assuming which head and power output?
a)
10 m head and 10 kW
b)
1 m head and 1 kW
c)
100 m head and 1 MW
d)
5 m head and 0.5 kW
32.
Which of these is a low head turbine?
a)
Pelton
b)
Francis
c)
Kaplan
d)
Turgo
33.
What does 'hf' denote in hydroelectric systems?
a)
Heat factor
b)
Head loss due to friction
c)
Hydraulic force
d)
High frequency loss
34.
The runner is connected to the:
a)
Dam
b)
Forebay
c)
Shaft
d)
Nozzle
35.
In which turbine does water enter at the center and flow outwards?
a)
Francis
b)
Fourneyron
c)
Kaplan
d)
Jonval
36.
Which turbine requires a draft tube for pressure recovery?
a)
Impulse turbine
b)
Reaction turbine
c)
Tangential flow turbine
d)
Girard turbine
37.
Which flow type best describes modern Francis turbine?
a)
Axial flow
b)
Radial flow
c)
Mixed flow
d)
Tangential flow
38.
Which of these is not a reaction turbine?
a)
Kaplan
b)
Francis
c)
Pelton
d)
Propeller
39.
What is the role of a casing in reaction turbines?
a)
Guide water to runner
b)
Convert velocity to pressure
c)
Prevent cavitation
d)
Maintain pressure
40.
Which component in hydroelectric plants absorbs sudden surge pressures?
a)
Forebay
b)
Draft tube
c)
Surge tank
d)
Penstock
41.
In axial flow turbines, the water direction is:
a)
Tangential
b)
Radial
c)
Axial
d)
Mixed
42.
The maximum head in low head turbine classification is:
a)
40m
b)
100m
c)
60m
d)
250m
43.
Which of the following turbines uses outward radial flow?
a)
Old Francis
b)
Fourneyron
c)
Kaplan
d)
Thomson
44.
Which parameter is calculated by subtracting hf from Hg?
a)
Tailrace
b)
Capacity
c)
Net Head
d)
Brake power
45.
Which turbine uses a nozzle for jet formation?
a)
Francis
b)
Kaplan
c)
Pelton
d)
Propeller
46.
In which turbine does water remain under atmospheric pressure throughout?
a)
Kaplan
b)
Francis
c)
Impulse
d)
Reaction
47.
Which of the following statements about penstock is true?
a)
It carries water to generator
b)
It stores tailrace water
c)
It transfers water to turbine under pressure
d)
It converts pressure to kinetic energy
48.
Which efficiency does NOT contribute to overall turbine efficiency?
a)
Hydraulic
b)
Mechanical
c)
Draft tube
d)
Generator
49.
Which turbine is not suitable for high head operations?
a)
Pelton
b)
Kaplan
c)
Turgo
d)
Girard
50.
Impulse turbines require which component for converting pressure to kinetic energy?
a)
Tail race
b)
Guide vane
c)
Nozzle
d)
Draft tube
51.
Which component connects tailrace to the turbine outlet?
a)
Surge tank
b)
Penstock
c)
Draft tube
d)
Casing
52.
The turbine used in high mountainous region is usually:
a)
Kaplan
b)
Francis
c)
Pelton
d)
Jonval
53.
Jonval turbine is an example of:
a)
Mixed flow
b)
Impulse turbine
c)
Axial flow turbine
d)
Outward radial
54.
What is the main function of a generator in hydro power system?
a)
Store water
b)
Convert mechanical energy to electrical energy
c)
Support turbine
d)
Divert flow
55.
Which of the following is NOT a component of a turbine?
a)
Runner
b)
Shaft
c)
Pump
d)
Guide vane
56.
Francis turbine is efficient in which head range?
a)
Below 60 m
b)
Above 250 m
c)
Between 60 and 250 m
d)
Any range
57.
Which of the following losses occur in penstock?
a)
Thermal loss
b)
Electromagnetic loss
c)
Frictional head loss
d)
Mechanical loss
58.
The primary input to a hydroelectric plant is:
a)
Heat
b)
Hydraulic energy
c)
Electrical energy
d)
Nuclear energy
59.
A turbine develops 1000 kW under a head of 50 m with 10 cumecs discharge. What is hydraulic efficiency?
a)
70%
b)
34.77%
c)
20.38%
d)
65%
60.
If the gross head is 120 m and head loss is 20 m, what is the net head?
a)
120 m
b)
100 m
c)
80 m
d)
140 m
61.
A 90% efficient turbine is powered by 5 cumecs flow and 40 m net head. Find power output.
a)
1.2 MW
b)
1.76 MW
c)
1.8 MW
d)
2.2 MW
62.
Match the following turbines with flow types:
A. Pelton
B. Kaplan
C. Francis
D. Fourneyron
a)
1. Tangential, Axial, Mixed, Outward radial
b)
1. Axial, Tangential, Outward radial, Mixed
c)
1. Mixed, Axial, Tangential, Radial
d)
1. Tangential, Axial, Mixed, Radial
63.
Match turbines with their head range:
A. Pelton
B. Francis
C. Kaplan
a)
1. High, Medium, Low
b)
1. Medium, Low, High
c)
1. Low, Medium, High
d)
1. Medium, High, Low
64.
Statement I: Impulse turbines require a draft tube.
Statement II: They operate under atmospheric pressure.
a)
Both I and II are true
b)
I is true, II is false
c)
I is false, II is true
d)
Both are false
65.
Statement I: Reaction turbines always need a casing.
Statement II: Casing maintains pressure in the turbine.
a)
Both statements are true
b)
Only I is true
c)
Only II is true
d)
Both are false
66.
What is the main function of a nozzle in an impulse turbine?
a)
Control speed
b)
Increase pressure
c)
Convert pressure energy to velocity
d)
Reduce cavitation
67.
Which component increases pressure head at the turbine outlet in reaction turbines?
a)
Forebay
b)
Nozzle
c)
Draft tube
d)
Governor
68.
Francis turbine is a:
a)
Tangential flow
b)
Radial flow
c)
Mixed flow
d)
Axial flow
69.
Impulse turbines require water to strike the runner at:
a)
Low pressure
b)
Atmospheric pressure
c)
High pressure
d)
Submerged condition
70.
Which component carries water under pressure to the turbine?
a)
Tailrace
b)
Penstock
c)
Forebay
d)
Draft tube
71.
In which type of turbine is the entire pressure energy converted before water reaches the runner?
a)
Francis
b)
Kaplan
c)
Pelton
d)
Propeller
72.
Tailrace is associated with:
a)
Intake channel
b)
Power generation
c)
Water discharge
d)
Governor control
73.
What type of casing is used in reaction turbines?
a)
Not required
b)
Atmospheric
c)
Airtight
d)
Steel-lined
74.
What is the direction of water flow in a Jonval turbine?
a)
Radial
b)
Axial
c)
Tangential
d)
Mixed
75.
Which of these turbines uses deflector plates?
a)
Francis
b)
Kaplan
c)
Pelton
d)
Propeller
76.
Which turbine is suitable for a site with 300 m head and 1 m³/s flow?
a)
Kaplan
b)
Francis
c)
Propeller
d)
Pelton
77.
The flow in a Fourneyron turbine is:
a)
Axial
b)
Radial inward
c)
Radial outward
d)
Mixed
78.
Which device is used to control turbine speed during load changes?
a)
Surge tank
b)
Casing
c)
Nozzle
d)
Governor
79.
Which turbine is used for heads less than 60 m and large discharge?
a)
Pelton
b)
Francis
c)
Kaplan
d)
Turgo
80.
Which of the following turbines does NOT require a draft tube for its operation?
a)
Pelton wheel
b)
Francis turbine
c)
Kaplan turbine
d)
Jonval turbine
81.
In an impulse turbine, the pressure at the inlet of the runner is approximately:
a)
Atmospheric pressure
b)
Greater than atmospheric
c)
Vacuum
d)
Varies with head
82.
Which of the following turbines uses both pressure and kinetic energy at inlet?
a)
Pelton wheel
b)
Kaplan turbine
c)
Banki turbine
d)
Girard turbine
83.
A draft tube in a reaction turbine helps in:
a)
Reducing outlet velocity losses
b)
Supporting generator
c)
Increasing turbine speed
d)
Generating more kinetic energy
84.
Which flow direction is associated with Fourneyron turbine?
a)
Inward radial flow
b)
Outward radial flow
c)
Axial flow
d)
Mixed flow
85.
What is the main purpose of a penstock in a hydroelectric power plant?
a)
To control turbine speed
b)
To generate electricity
c)
To carry water to turbine
d)
To store water
86.
Which of the following best describes the function of a generator in HPP?
a)
Mechanical to hydraulic energy
b)
Hydraulic to mechanical energy
c)
Mechanical to electrical energy
d)
Hydraulic to electrical energy
87.
Which of the following turbines is suitable for heads between 60m and 250m?
a)
Pelton wheel
b)
Kaplan turbine
c)
Francis turbine
d)
Banki turbine
88.
The friction loss at turbine inlet is calculated as:
a)
Gross head - tailrace
b)
Headrace - tailrace
c)
Tailrace - gross head
d)
Gross head-net head
89.
Which is NOT a characteristic of an axial flow turbine?
a)
Water flows axially at inlet
b)
Water flows axially at exit
c)
Water flows tangentially
d)
Water enters tangentially
90.
Unit power is defined as the power produced by a geometrically similar turbine under a head of:
a)
1 metre
b)
10 metres
c)
0.1 metre
d)
1000 metres
91.
If the net head H is 100 m and the power output is 1000 kW, unit power equals:
a)
10 kW
b)
100 kW
c)
1 kW
d)
0.1 kW
92.
Which statement is TRUE regarding impulse turbines?
a)
Impulse turbine has increasing pressure in runner
b)
Water flows axially in impulse turbines
c)
It works at atmospheric pressure
d)
Requires air tight casing
93.
Which turbine requires airtight casing and a draft tube?
a)
Pelton wheel
b)
Francis turbine
c)
Kaplan turbine
d)
Girard turbine
94.
Which of the following describes the head used for selecting turbines?
a)
Gross Head
b)
Static Head
c)
Net Head
d)
Dynamic Head
95.
Which turbine is best suited for low head and high discharge?
a)
Pelton wheel
b)
Francis turbine
c)
Kaplan turbine
d)
Jonval turbine
96.
Which device reduces the exit velocity of water and helps recover pressure energy?
a)
Penstock
b)
Nozzle
c)
Draft tube
d)
Tailrace
97.
What type of turbine is the Banki turbine?
a)
Impulse turbine
b)
Reaction turbine
c)
Axial flow turbine
d)
Mixed flow turbine
98.
The layout component that controls water flow from dam to turbine is called?
a)
Penstock
b)
Spillway
c)
Draft tube
d)
Forebay
99.
Which turbine is used for mixed flow conditions?
a)
Old Francis
b)
Kaplan turbine
c)
Modern Francis
d)
Propeller turbine
100.
In a hydroelectric power plant, the friction head loss occurs in:
a)
Generator
b)
Penstock
c)
Draft tube
d)
Headrace
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