WorksheetsПМ 03 ро 3.5 и 3.6
Total questions: 71
Worksheet time: 38mins
What is the main function of a chemical-technological system?
To transform raw materials into desired products through chemical and physical processes
To store products before shipment
To provide lighting and ventilation in a plant
To control financial reporting
To clean the equipment externally
Which of the following is a primary element of a chemical-technological system?
Reactor
Valve
Pipeline
Laboratory stuff
Transport vehicle
In a chemical-technological system, auxiliary units serve what purpose?
They support the main technological process, such as heating or purification
They include systems like heat exchangers and compressors
They are only for quality control
They are unrelated to the process
They produce waste products only
What distinguishes an open chemical-technological system from a closed one?
It exchanges matter and energy with the environment
It maintains internal pressure only
It allows the input of raw materials and the output of products continuously
It uses only recycled materials
It does not require human control
What is the purpose of analyzing material efficiency in a chemical process?
A. To evaluate how well raw materials are converted into products
To compare brands of raw materials
To track employee usage of chemicals
To identify color changes in products
To monitor noise levels
Which of the following indicates energy efficiency in chemical production?
Maximum use of heating systems
Minimal energy consumption per unit of product
Frequent maintenance of electrical panels
Continuous lighting of the facility
Long process duration
What does a chemical-technological scheme represent?
A graphical representation of all process stages and equipment
A list of equipment
A safety inspection form
A chemical reaction equation
A product label
Why is it important for a scheme to show material flow direction?
To allow employees to design labels
To help operators understand the production sequence
To reduce the need for automation
To improve office layout
To guide visitors through the plant
What is typically shown using dotted lines in such schemes?
Waste storage units
Laboratory reactions
Major connections
Control and instrumentation flows
Raw material orders
In a full structural scheme, feedback loops indicate:
Recirculation or recycling of intermediate products
Breakdowns in communication
Employee complaints
Raw material orders
External audit reports
What defines the structure of a chemical-technological scheme?
The arrangement and relationship between stages, equipment, and flows
The building's architecture
The temperature of the control room
The safety symbols on the wall
The total cost of the plant
What is the purpose of distillation in chemical production?
To separate components based on boiling point differences
To compress gases into liquids
To remove solids from water
To measure electrical resistance
To track financial loss
An example of a biochemical process used in industry is:
Acid leaching
Solvent drying
Fermentation
Electric heating
High-pressure cleaning
Why are typical processes like neutralization important?
They allow control over product pH and chemical stability
They improve product color
They reduce shipping time
They improve label printing
They lower employee taxes
What are the primary sources of raw materials in the chemical industry?
Only food products
Natural resources such as oil, natural gas, and minerals
Office materials
Car parts
Furniture
Which is an example of a renewable raw material?
Crude oil
Coal
Biomass
Uranium
Mercury
Why is the use of secondary raw materials increasing in chemical production?
They are more expensive
They support sustainability and waste reduction
They require no processing
They do not need transport
They are easier to store than primary ones
What is the main source of energy in most large-scale chemical industries today?
Natural gas
Fuel oil
Wind turbines only
Geothermal springs
Solar panels exclusively
Why is energy integration important in chemical production?
It reduces energy waste and increases efficiency
It limits automation
It simplifies maintenance only
It increases the need for fossil fuels
It reduces heat transfer rates
What is cogeneration in a chemical plant?
A method of transporting chemicals
A backup for water supply
The simultaneous production of electricity and heat
A type of emergency shutdown
The use of manual tools in reactors
What distinguishes a sequential process connection?
A. Each unit operates one after another in a fixed sequence
All units operate independently
All processes occur in reverse
Units are only connected by control panels
Every unit handles raw materials directly
In a parallel technological connection:
Units must wait for the previous one to finish
Multiple units operate simultaneously on different streams
One unit processes both input and output
All operations occur in a single vessel
Control is only manual
What is the function of a feedback loop in technological communication?
To control lighting systems
To return part of the output to an earlier stage for stabilization
To accelerate waste disposal
To allow emergency shutdown
To increase product color uniformity
A CSTR (Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor) is mainly used for:
Reactions requiring uniform composition throughout the reactor
Reactions at high pressure only
Storage of end-products
Manual sampling of chemicals
Distillation only
What is a distinguishing feature of a plug flow reactor (PFR)?
Reactants move through the reactor in one direction with no back-mixing
Reactants are stirred continuously
It is only used for batch reactions
It must operate under vacuum
It has no internal sensors
Which factor is most critical in designing a chemical reactor?
Reaction kinetics and reactants nature
Reaction kinetics and heat transfer requirements
Reactants amount and reaction rate
Frequency of equipment cleaning
Age of the building
What type of operation is absorption classified as?
Mass transfer operation
Heat transfer operation
Catalytic operation
Thermal expansion
Mechanical separation
Mixing and grinding fall under which operation category?
Chemical conversion
Mechanical processing
Biological transformation
Heat absorption
Crystallization
Which of the following is a chemical operation?
Filtration
Decantation
Neutralization
Drying
Separation
What does determining the optimal temperature of a process ensure?
Maximum product yield and safety
Minimum tightness in pipeline
Lower maintenance hours
Increased corrosion
Random product formation
Which parameter is critical for gas-phase reactions?
Which parameter is critical for gas-phase reactions?
Viscosity
Conductivity
Pressure
Humidity
Container size
Why is residence time important in reactor operation?
It affects conversion and selectivity
It controls labor cost
It reduces electricity bills
It determines packaging method
It affects equipment color
What is the first step in determining process parameters?
Preparing shipping documents
Analyzing chemical kinetics and thermodynamics
Assigning employee roles
Filling out hazard forms
Calibrating lighting
What is a material balance used for?
Determining concentration of reactants
Accounting for all input, output, and internal consumption of substances
Labeling chemical containers
Identifying composition of feed
Documenting production volume
In a steady-state process, material balance means:
Mass input equals mass output
Temperature stays constant
All equipment runs 24/7
Flowcharts are updated
Power usage decreases
Material balances are useful for:
Optimizing raw material usage and reducing waste
Designing marketing posters
Choosing uniforms
Training cashiers
Preventing natural disasters
Heat losses in equipment are often due to
Equipment tightness
Poor insulation
Over-tightening bolts
Too much pressure
High level of feed
One principle of chemical production is:
Process continuity
Frequent manual override
Constant shutdowns
Maximum human input
Irregular operation
Why is automation used in modern chemical production?
To increase accuracy
To ensure accuracy, safety, and consistency
To replace quality control
To reduce heat flow
To improve safety
The AVT unit consists of:
one section
two sections
three sections
four sections
five sections
The feedstock for the catalytic reforming unit is:
gasoline fractions
kerosene fractions
diesel fractions
fuel oil
liquefied petroleum gas
Hydraulic machines that convert mechanical energy into energy of moving liquid are called:
compressors
pumps
separators
reactors
turbines
The compression ratio in compressor machines is:
Ratio of inlet pressure p1 to outlet pressure p2
Ratio of outlet pressure p2 to inlet pressure p1
Difference between inlet pressure p1 and outlet pressure p2
Difference between outlet pressure p2 and inlet pressure p1
Sum of p1 and p2
Smoke is a system consisting of:
two mutually soluble liquids
gas and dispersed solid particles
liquid with suspended solid particles
two mutually insoluble liquids
gas and vapor
The driving force of heat exchange is:
difference in concentration
temperature difference
not dependent on temperature difference
choice of heat exchanger design
pressure difference
The bottom product of a distillation column is:
high-boiling component
low-boiling component
heat carrier
both low- and high-boiling components
inert gases
A set of scheduled maintenance works to ensure normal equipment operation until the next scheduled repair is called:
capital repair
current repair
emergency repair
medium repair
preventive inspection
Tray repair in a distillation column is carried out:
without dismantling
with mandatory dismantling
in any way
dismantling only in winter
only with replacement
A pipeline can be put into operation only after:
external inspection
internal inspection
technical certification
both external and internal inspection
pressure test
Name the paraffin hydrocarbons:
propane
cyclobutane
benzene
ethylene
acetylene
Identify the quality parameter not regulated in gasoline:
cetane number
fractional composition
sulfur content
octane number
density
Name the substance that breaks emulsions:
emulsifier
demulsifier
dehydrator
electro-dehydrator
solvent
Light oil products in the AVT unit are distilled at:
atmospheric pressure
elevated pressure
vacuum
any pressure
critical pressure
What is the octane number of gasoline from catalytic reforming?
50
60
90
80
95
A centrifugal pump with a horizontally placed shaft is called:
horizontal
vertical
inclined
perpendicular
axial
Machines for compressing and moving gases are called:
compressors
pumps
separators
reactors
fans
Foam is a system consisting of:
two mutually soluble liquids
liquid and gas bubbles
liquid with suspended solids
two mutually insoluble liquids
gas and vapor
Heat carrier saving is achieved in:
parallel flow
counter flow
cross flow
independent of flow direction
spiral flow
A simple column separates into:
three components
four components
two components
six components
one component
Scheduled maintenance involving complete dismantling and replacement of all worn parts is called:
capital repair
current repair
emergency repair
medium repair
overhaul
After repair of the distillation column, tray installation is done:
from top to bottom
from bottom to top
simultaneously from top and bottom
every other tray
diagonally
Test pressure should exceed working pressure by:
1.5-2 times
3.5-4 times
5.5-6 times
8-10 times
10-12 times
Name aromatic hydrocarbons:
propane
cyclobutane
benzene
octane
butane
The octane number of gasoline increases with the addition of:
normal paraffin hydrocarbons
olefin hydrocarbons
aromatic hydrocarbons
hydrogen
water
What is the first process unit crude oil enters at the refinery?
AVT
stabilization
ELOU
catalytic cracking
hydrotreater
Heavy petroleum products in the AVT unit are distilled at:
atmospheric pressure
elevated pressure
vacuum
any pressure
supercritical pressure
The greater the volumetric feed rate in catalytic reforming, the conversion depth is:
higher
lower
unchanged
doubled
stopped
If two impellers are mounted on the shaft of a centrifugal pump, the pump is called:
multistage
three-stage
two-stage
single-stage
axial-flow
Compressor machines are used to move:
liquids
gases
emulsions
smoke
solids
Suspension is a system consisting of:
two mutually soluble liquids
liquid and gas bubbles
liquid with suspended solids
two mutually insoluble liquids
gas in solid medium
