What is the environmental benefit of the Enviropig?

The most recent techniques developed in the biological sciences allow the manipulation of DNA with the ultimate goal of intervening directly with the _______ fate of organisms.

Small circular, extrachromosomal DNA segments are known as ________.

Enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites are called ______________.

The procedure for producing a line of genetically identical cells from a single "altered" cell is called _______.

Single-stranded complementary tails that are produced by restriction digestion are called ______ ends.

Viruses and bacterial plasmids are used as ______ to insert foreign DNA into host cells and create recombinant genomes.

Gel ________ is a process that separates DNA or protein fragments according to their size, by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field.

The _________ from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used in genetic engineering involving crop plant genes.

_________ is a human protein synthesized in small amounts that can dissolve blood clots.

A ______ vaccine is produced by using only a part of the viral genome.

In addition to bacteria, _______ can also be used as vectors to insert foreign DNA into host cells and create recombinant genomes.

Small, circular auxiliary DNA molecules of bacteria which are commonly used in biotechnology are referred to as

DNA can be cleaved at specific sites, generating smaller DNA fragments with short single-stranded ends. The chemical tool used to cleave the DNA is called a(n)

Single-stranded ends generated by the same restriction enzyme are complementary to each other. They can be joined together,

Two strands of DNA that have been cut by an endonuclease can be sealed together by a(n)

A search for sequences that are complementary to the desired sequence of a DNA fragment uses a technique called

All of the following involve molecular biology techniques except

Plasmids must have two components, an origin of replication to allow it to replicate in E. coli independently of the chromosome, and

DNA fragments complementary to the DNA being investigated are referred to as

Restriction enzymes are

An enzyme that has been isolated from retroviruses is

Restriction enzymes recognize DNA sequences that are

The ends of DNA fragments produced by the same restriction enzyme can be joined together by another enzyme,

Vectors are vehicles of transport for foreign DNA fragments into host cells, and are usually either a virus or a bacterial

Most genetic engineering experiments include four stages. Which of the following is not one of them?

The most common way to follow bacterial transformation with a plasmid is by

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) includes all of the following steps except

In genetic engineering experiments, a common way of identifying a transformed cell is by using a "probe," which is a

When electrical current is applied during a gel electrophoresis procedure, the DNA fragments are separated by

If the lacZ gene is functional it produces an enzyme known as _____________, which allows the bacterial cell to metabolize the sugar, X-gal.

A commercially significant human protein now produced in bacteria is

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) involves three steps. The correct order of those steps is

A plasmid used to carry genes into crop plants is

Crop plants have been protected from certain insects by the addition of a gene for a specific insect toxin from the bacterium

Scientists can distinguish between DNA of different individuals, thus making this information useful in criminal investigations. The technique used is called

The development of a subunit vaccine for herpes and hepatitis B has potential in the future. The proposed subunit vaccine would

Some of the useful applications of genetic engineering include all of the following except

Agrobacterium is more difficult to use in genetic engineering procedures conducted on cereals such as corn, rice, and wheat because

Plant scientists have successfully engineered some broadleaf crop plants to be resistant to the application of glyphosate. Glyphosate works by

An insecticidal protein has been discovered in a bacterium known as

Golden rice was genetically engineered by Ingo Potrykus in Switerland by combining genes from other organisms into the genome of common white rice. Which organism from the list below was NOT used?

DNA restriction enzymes are labeled I and II. Type I restriction enzymes

A vector "carries" ______________ into a host cell.

Autonomous auxiliary DNA circles found in bacteria; easily enter the organism they are found in; used as a vehicle to transport desired foreign genes.

Technique used to amplify a desired piece of DNA.

Technique used to analyze DNA products after restriction enzyme digestion; "fingerprints."

Organisms produced by moving genes of one species to another; desired characteristics such as disease resistance or increased size are transferred.

Ends of DNA fragments produced by asymmetric cleavage with restriction endonucleases; same ends are produced by the same enzyme irrespective of the source of the DNA.

Bam HI is a Type II restriction enzyme that recognizes the sequence 5' GGATCC 3', and cuts between the two Gs, leaving a 5' overhang. If you were to digest DNA with Bam HI, what would be the sequence of the overhanging sticky end of the complimentary strand?

Your research project involves the characterization of a signal transduction pathway, and you would like to identify proteins that may interact with one of the pathway components. Which of the following libraries could you screen for this purpose?

A researcher identified a new enzyme and is interested in determining the mRNA expression pattern of this gene. Which of the following techniques would accomplish this goal?

You are hired as a scientific consultant for a popular television show about forensic analysis of crime scene evidence. You are told that in an upcoming scene, investigators will compare the DNA profiles of a known suspect and an unknown biological sample collected from the victim. You are asked to write up a brief explanation of the primary technique required for discussion in the scene. Which technique should you write about?

Which of the following types of information would be most useful in an effort to move a DNA fragment from one plasmid vector to another, using molecular cloning techniques?

Which of the following two enzymes are needed to construct a cDNA library?

In a manual enzymatic DNA sequencing reaction, the nucleotide ddT is incorporated

Automated enzymatic sequencing employs

The development of PCR has revolutionized molecular biology and has led to numerous advances in basic research, as well as in medicine and forensic science. Which of the following areas does not rely on PCR?

A vaccine that depends on the cellular immune response of killer T cells is called a

What is the environmental benefit of the Enviropig?

Xenotransplantation is the transplantation of cells, tissues or organs from

Why we require the xenotransplantation?

A gene is moved from one non-closely related species to another

What was going to make papayas extinct?

Who invented PCR?

What is another name for a primer that is used in PCR?

The thermally stable polymerase enzyme used in PCR was harvested from ________________.