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WorksheetsHuman Biology Practice Questions Set 2: Chapters 4-8
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
The tissue lining the mouth, organs of the digestive system, and inner surfaces of the lungs is classified as
muscle.
connective.
connective and nervous.
epithelial.
nervous.
Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?
As the body matures, endocrine glands develop from specialized exocrine glands.
Endocrine glands empty their products into a duct.
Endocrine glands are connective tissues that are specialized to produce and secrete a product.
Endocrine glands produce and secrete hormones.
Examples of endocrine glands include sweat glands and salivary glands.
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with connective tissue?
stretching
contraction
protection
transport
support
Although the cells of a multicellular organism are specialized for certain functions, those cells must also be integrated and organized in order to work together to benefit the organism.
True
False
In which of the following locations would one expect to find cartilage?
in adipose tissue
between the vertebrae
in a tendon
in the wall of a blood vessel
between the skin and the underlying muscle
Vasoconstriction is a term that refers to the contraction of muscle in the walls of the blood vessels, thus causing the diameter of the blood vessel to decrease. Which of the following types of muscle would be involved in this contraction?
cardiac
smooth
skeletal
both cardiac and smooth
both skeletal and smooth
Which of the following is true regarding glial cells?
They transmit nerve impulses from the brain to the internal organs.
They stimulate the contraction of cardiac muscle.
They produce blood plasma.
They are located in the matrix of cartilage.
They support and protect neurons.
The abdominal cavity is separated from the thoracic cavity by the
heart.
stomach.
diaphragm.
liver.
lungs.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
protection from dehydration
production of vitamin D
defense from microorganisms
regulation of body temperature
storage of calcium
Since skin is made up of several types of tissues and has a number of different functions, it is best classified as an organ.
True
False
Bones perform many useful functions in the human body. Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?
allow muscles to relax
produce growth hormone
store minerals
provide scaffolding that muscles attach to
protect of internal organs
Bones continue to lengthen throughout childhood and adolescence because
primary ossification occurs until death.
a growth plate is present in each epiphysis.
the activity of osteocytes cannot be reduced until adulthood.
ossification cannot occur until after puberty.
Bones are composed of cartilage until age 12
The human skeletal system is conveniently divided into the ______ and ______ skeleton.
axial and osteocyte
superior and inferior
anterior and posterior
axial and appendicular
allopatric and sympatric
Which of the following bones is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton?
skull
pelvic girdle
pectoral girdle
femur
humerus
Bones of trained athletes may be visibly thicker and heavier than those of non-athletes because
weight-bearing exercise increases bone mass and strength.
non-athletes have a low parathyroid hormone rate.
athletes produce more growth plates.
athletes blood calcium levels are lower than non-athletes.
non-athletes cannot produce osteoids.
______ separate neighboring vertebrae and also function as shock absorbers.
Palatine bones
Ribs
Intervertebral discs
Osteons
Intravertebral discs
Which of the following descriptions is true regarding sinuses?
give the human voice its characteristic resonance and tone
lined by tissue that produces and secretes mucus
located in several of the facial bones
connect to the nasal cavity by small passageways
all of the above
Which of the following is the correct classification of vertebrae, from the skull to the pelvis?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
coccygeal, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, cervical
coccygeal, thoracic, lumbar, cervical, sacral
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, coccygeal, sacral
sacral, coccygeal, lumbar, thoracic, cervical
Which of the following disorders of the skeletal system results from the "wearing out" of the cartilage that covers the ends of bones?
sinusitis
osteoarthritis
rheumatoid arthritis
bursitis
tennis elbow
Brittle bones, difficulty in walking, and hunched posture are symptoms of
carpal tunnel syndrome.
bursitis.
tendinitis.
osteoporosis.
rheumatoid arthritis.
During a contraction, muscles
shorten in length.
generate heat due to aerobic respiration.
all require voluntary control of muscle cells.
are first excited before the contraction can occur.
Skeletal muscle groups that work together to create the same movement are referred to as
sarcomeres.
antagonistic.
synergistic.
involuntary.
myofibrils
Using the individual processes listed in the box to the right, determine which of the following reflects the proper order of events involved in a skeletal muscle contraction?
A) binding sites on actin are exposed
B) actin and mysosin slide over each other and sarcomere shortens
C) motor neuron fires and activates muscle cell by releasing neurotransmitter
D) ATP is spent to form Actin/Myosin cross-bridges
E) calcium is released by sarcoplasmic reticulum
A) A,B,C,D,E
B) C,D,B,A,E
C) B,D,A,E,C
D) A,E,C,D,B
E) C,E,A,D,B
When an electrical impulse traveling along a motor neuron arrives at a neuromuscular junction,
there is an increase in the secretion of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.
myosin-actin cross-bridges are destroyed.
sliding of actin and myosin filaments is inhibited.
calcium is transported back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
a new electrical impulse is generated that returns the message to the original nerve.
In which of the following muscles would one expect to find motor units made up of only a few muscle cells?
arm muscles
lower leg muscles
eye muscles
thigh muscles
chest muscles
Which of the following is characteristic of cardiac and smooth muscle, but not skeletal muscle?
voluntary contraction
presence of actin and myosin in muscle cells
contracts to move bones
involuntary contraction
Which of the following is characteristic of anabolic steroid use?
gynecomastia in males
aggressive behavior
increased risk of heart attack and stroke
loss of scalp hair, but increase in body hair in females
All of the above
Disease caused by a bacterial infection; bacterial toxin affects primarily the muscles of the jaw and neck; also known as "lockjaw"
myasthenia gravis
muscular dystrophy
tetanus
fasciitis
muscle cramps
Uncontrolled contraction of muscle, usually after heavy exercise
myasthenia gravis
muscular dystrophy
tetanus
fasciitis
muscle cramps
The movement caused by a muscle when it flexes, extends, supinates, etc. is called its _______.
origin
insertion
activity
action
function
Blood functions to maintain homeostasis in the human body by all of the following EXCEPT...
by moving carbon dioxide away from cells following completion of aerobic metabolism.
by regulating the pH of body fluids.
by transporting amino acids and other nutrients derived from digestion to all tissues in the body.
by transporting neurotransmitters to neuromuscular junctions.
by preventing excessive blood loss through clotting.
About 55% of whole blood is ________, which is mostly made up of water.
plasma
hematocrit
hemoglobin
clotting protein
erythrocytes
When oxygen availability drops, certain cells in the kidney respond by producing erythropoietin, which in turn stimulates an increase in red blood cells. This cellular response represents
all-or-none response.
negative feedback.
the clotting mechanism.
protein metabolism.
positive feedback.
Stem cells that eventually form red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are found primarily in the..
Heart
Yellow marrow of bones
Spleen
Kidney
Red marrow of bones
Unlike white blood cells, red blood cells lose their ________ and ________ as they mature.
organelles, plasma membrane
nucleus, organelles
flexibility, shape
ribosomes, ATP
nucleolus, cytoplasm
Blood doping, practiced by many athletes involved in the Tour de France and other sports, involves the illegal use of drugs that
Increases the amount of oxygen carried in blood.
increase the amount of carbon dioxide in blood.
increase red bone marrow.
increase circulation.
elevate the rate of hemostasis.
Foreign cells that enter our body have unique cell surface proteins, known as ________, which stimulate our body's defenses to attack.
antibodies
antigens
platelets
leukocytes
Which of the following components of blood increase in number in response to the presence of an infectious agent?
platelets
clotting factors
white blood cells
red blood cells
Blood displays a bright red color when
oxygen is released by hemoglobin.
carbon dioxide binds to the heme group of hemoglobin.
four oxygen molecules bind to hemoglobin to create oxyhemoglobin.
deoxyhemoglobin is formed in blood plasma.
platelets form.
A physician finds that one of his patients has the following problems: blood clots very slowly or not at all, and severe bruises result from even the most minor bumps. Which of the following conditions should be diagnosed based on this information?
hemophilia
AIDS
anemia
mononucleosis
polycythemia
The structure of medium and large-sized arteries is ideally suited to meet the function of these blood vessels as evidenced by
elastic fibers that allow stretching of the arteries.
a tough supportive layer of connective tissue containing collagen.
a smooth muscle layer on the outside, which stiffens arteries.
the presence of an endothelial lining that creates a slick surface.
When blood leaves the heart, it first enters
veins.
arteries.
arterioles.
capillaries.
Fluid that "escapes" from the circulatory system due to high pressure is referred to as
digestive fluid.
formed elements.
interstitial fluid.
aneurysm.
Which structural feature of capillaries promotes exchange between blood and interstitial fluid?
lack of smooth muscle
a flat or thin endothelium
lack of connective tissue
an endothelium that leaks because of pores
All of the above are correct.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the lymphatic system?
Lymph is returned to the cardiovascular system where it once more becomes a part of blood plasma.
Lymphatic capillaries absorb excess fluid from the tissues.
Lymphatic capillaries absorb lipid droplets from the gut.
The accumulation of lymph in the tissues due to lymph vessel blockage is called atherosclerosis.
The lymphatic system removes microorganisms from body fluid.
The type of connective tissue that surrounds the heart and produces lubricant for heart contraction is the
pericardium.
epicardium.
endocardium.
myocardium.
The left ventricle has a more muscular wall than the other three chambers of the heart because the left ventricle
must decrease the amount of pressure on the blood so it can flow more smoothly.
pumps blood into the atria.
receives blood directly from major arteries.
pumps blood more rapidly than the other chambers.
must generate enough blood pressure to pump blood into the aorta.
Blood pressure in veins is lower than in arteries and a series of _____ are necessary to prevent backflow of blood.
tricuspid valves
endothelial cells
two- or three-way valves
one-way valves
varicose veins
The pacemaker
is located in the left atrium.
usually prevents clots from the rhythm of the heartbeat.
is also known as the atrioventricular node.
sends out a signal for contraction once every 2 minutes.
regulates the rate of heart contraction.
Which of the following parts of the brain regulates heart activity?
thalamus
cerebellum
cerebrum
midbrain
medulla oblongata
