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Social Contract Theory Quiz

Total questions: 118

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In which of these philosophers’ lifetime was SC in evidence in antiquity?

a)

Aristotle

b)

Cicero

c)

Socrates

d)

Plato

2.

The Social Contract (SC) Theory in Western political thought at its core is about

a)

The reasons why people form economies

b)

A political theory which provides arguments on why the state, law or sovereign should be obeyed

c)

The divine authority of rulers

d)

How rulers should interpret law

3.

Which one of these is a new idea that will enter the discourse on politics in the West that will pave the way for the Social Contract (SC) Theories?

a)

Political revolution

b)

Democratic freedom

c)

Political disobedience

d)

Religious separation

4.

Which of these major Western institution lost its moral relevance and paved the way for new political ideas such as the Social Contract (SC) Theory?

a)

The Church

b)

The Senate

c)

The Monarchy

d)

The University

5.

Which of the following was NOT part of the socio-political context of England which shaped the discourse of the Hobbesian Social Contract?

a)

The English Civil War

b)

Religion

c)

The rise of the bourgeoisie

d)

The emergence of scientific thought

6.

Which of the following made Charles I and James I very unpopular and with it the monarchy in the England in which Hobbes wrote?

a)

Their resistance to Parliament

b)

Arbitrary state honors and tax control without accountability

c)

Harsh religious reforms

d)

Refusal to expand the empire

7.

As a student in Oxford, Hobbes embraced a particular approach to political philosophy. Which of the following was it?

a)

Rationalism

b)

Scholasticism

c)

Empiricism

d)

Idealism

8.

What did Hobbes mean by the “State of Nature?”

a)

A state with no laws but a strong monarch

b)

A society built on mutual respect

c)

A place where there was no society because there was no state

d)

An early religious form of political organization

9.

Hobbes differs fundamentally with other social contractarians of his era because

a)

He rejected the notion of equality

b)

The state in his formulation of the Social Contract is antecedent to society

c)

He did not believe in laws

d)

He valued religion over reason

10.

What did Hobbes mean by “Glory” in his discourse on his Social Contract?

a)

The need for fame

b)

The pursuit of justice

c)

The insatiable urge that human beings have for material things

d)

The reputation of a ruler

11.

In Hobbes’s State of Nature which of the following was a key right?

a)

Right to vote

b)

Right to work

c)

Right of Nature

d)

Right to rebel

12.

As a student Hobbes was dissatisfied with which of the following traditions?

a)

Cartesian dualism

b)

Aristotelian-Scholasticism

c)

Empirical science

d)

Classical liberalism

13.

Which of the following captures the meaning of the claim: “All political philosophy is political thought but not all political thought is political philosophy?”

a)

Political thought is fiction

b)

All thoughts are political

c)

Political philosophizing is inherently also about political thought

d)

Political theory is unscientific

14.

Which of the following is true about political philosophy?

a)

It is mostly opinion-based

b)

It concerns itself with true knowledge about politics

c)

It rejects science

d)

It values activism over analysis

15.

In the Hobbesian Social Contract Theory what is meant by the Efficiency Constraint?

a)

A rule requiring citizens to be productive

b)

The idea that to keep power the sovereign needs to exercise it in ways that will not trigger dissent and distrust

c)

A type of political punishment

d)

A budgetary rule for civil servants

16.

Which of the following is true about Hobbes’s State of Nature?

a)

It was peaceful and moral

b)

It was non-frictional

c)

It was structured but unstable

d)

It supported religious freedom

17.

The citizen’s right to rebel against government, as suggested by John Locke, is in line with

a)

Contractual obligation

b)

Natural right

c)

Divine justice

d)

Popular demand

18.

According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau freedom leads to...

a)

Stability

b)

Innovation

c)

Habit

d)

Fear

19.

Natural man’s anthropological distinction from the animal kingdom makes.............possible.

a)

War

b)

Obedience

c)

Learning

d)

Agriculture

20.

Consider the options that follow and choose the appropriate combination: i. Inequality: Reason ii. Inequality: Against natural law iii. Inequality: Rooted in private property

a)

i, ii, and iii are all true

b)

i is false; ii and iii are true

c)

i, ii, and iii are all false

d)

Only ii is true

21.

John Locke suggests anarchy in the state of nature is not disorder because

a)

It is overseen by elders

b)

Humans fear punishment

c)

Human existence is governed by reason

d)

Property rights are protected

22.

From the perspective of Jean-Jacques Rousseau civil society and private property enabled humanity

a)

To flourish and cooperate

b)

Be self-centered

c)

Create fair institutions

d)

Invent language

23.

In the state of nature pity, according to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, takes the place of

a)

War

b)

Economy

c)

Laws, morals, and virtues

d)

Institutions

24.

What price according to John Locke did humanity have to pay in return for the security of the state?

a)

Private property

b)

Freedom and equality

c)

Taxation

d)

Rule of law

25.

Consider the statements below and choose the correct combination: i. Legislators who enslave citizens put themselves in a state of war with them. ii. Governments must protect the right to property. iii. The U.S. Second Amendment guarantees the right to bear arms.

a)

i and ii only

b)

ii and iii only

c)

i and iii only

d)

i, ii and iii

26.

Consider the statements and choose the correct combination: i. Locke says political power is for public good. ii. Locke’s state of nature is a condition of chaos. iii. People remain in the state of nature without a political authority.

a)

i and ii are both false

b)

i and iii are both true

c)

ii and iii are both false

d)

i and ii are both true

27.

Consider the statements and choose the correct combination: i. God created man and decreed self-preservation ii. Locke was a materialist obsessed with private property iii. The law of nature obliges all to avoid harming others

a)

i is true and ii is false

b)

i and iii are false

c)

ii and iii are true

d)

iii is false

28.

Consider the statements and choose the correct combination: i. Without reason, law of nature has no effect ii. Labor creates property iii. Locke’s conception is complete without law of nature

a)

i and ii are false

b)

ii is true; iii is false

c)

i and iii are true

d)

iii is true

29.

Consider the statements and choose the correct combination: i. Law of nature defines right and wrong via reason ii. It needs a sovereign to function iii. It can be enforced by individuals

a)

i is true; ii is false

b)

ii is true; iii is false

c)

i and iii are false

d)

All are true

30.

Consider the statements and choose the correct combination: i. Victims who commit murder undermine law of nature ii. International system is in state of nature iii. No state can punish international aggression

a)

i is false; ii and iii are true

b)

ii and iii are false

c)

i and iii are true

d)

All are false

31.

The State, mankind’s greatest trick ever, succeeded only because the

a)

rulers were persuasive

b)

weak are naive

c)

elite were united

d)

philosophers endorsed it

32.

Charles Mills argues that the modern world has been politically constructed by which of the following?

a)

Capitalism

b)

Democracy

c)

White supremacy

d)

Social contract theories

33.

Charles Mills' work introduced which of the following for our understanding of social contract theory?

a)

Gender

b)

Religion

c)

Class

d)

Race

34.

With (insert missing phrase here) ..the worker sinks to the level of a commodity and becomes indeed the most wretched of commodities... This quote reflects Marx’s thoughts on:

a)

Private property

b)

Worker exploitation

c)

Alienation and false consciousness

d)

Political economy

35.

There is an important caveat to the Racial Contract. Which of these is it?

a)

All whites are signatories but not all are beneficiaries

b)

All whites are beneficiaries of the contract but not all are signatories

c)

No whites are beneficiaries

d)

All blacks are included in the contract

36.

Which of the following was central to Hegelian thought?

a)

Property

b)

Democracy

c)

Freedom

d)

Sovereignty

37.

Marx critiqued the bourgeois for being moral hypocrites because

a)

They feared socialism

b)

They wanted equality

c)

They pretended to care for the poor while hiding their exploitation

d)

They supported democracy

38.

Both Marx and Hegel agreed that one of the following was inimical to building the ideal society. Which one?

a)

Private property

b)

Wealth

c)

Competition

d)

Democracy

39.

Which of the following does Hegel consider as the most important entity in the Lockean state?

a)

Law

b)

Land

c)

Reason

d)

Family

40.

Which of the following pairs captures the two modes of analysis of The Racial Contract?

a)

Ideal and Non-Ideal

b)

Rationalism and Empiricism

c)

Induction and Deduction

d)

Class and Race

41.

There is an important caveat to the Racial Contract. Which of these is it?

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42.

There is an important caveat to the Racial Contract. Which of these is it?

a)

All whites are signatories and beneficiaries

b)

Some whites are excluded from benefits

c)

All whites are beneficiaries of the contract but not all are signatories

d)

Only elites benefit

43.

With Rousseau in mind, consider the statement: "The first man who thought to say ‘This is mine,’ and found people simple enough to believe him..." This is a reference to:

a)

Civil society

b)

Social contract

c)

Private property

d)

Natural law

44.

Identify the correct pair which triggered the processes towards the formulation of the Social Contract Theories in Western Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries.

a)

Revolution and democracy

b)

Legitimacy and lawful procedure regarding law-making

c)

Industrialization and monarchy

d)

Enlightenment and secularism

45.

Consider the statements below and choose the appropriate combination: i. The law of nature, through reason, defines what is right and wrong ii. It does not require a sovereign iii. It works only when individuals can enforce it

a)

i and ii only

b)

All are true

c)

None of the above

d)

i and iii only

46.

Consider the statements below: i. The people rely on God for restitution when property rights are violated ii. Governments defend the social contract by protecting property iii. The Second Amendment ensures state militias are maintained

a)

All are true

b)

i and ii only

c)

ii and iii only

d)

i and iii only

47.

The Racial Contract (TRC) of Charles Mills is different from other Social Contract Theories by virtue of:

a)

Its interest in global democracy

b)

Its claim that race defines the modern political world and must be understood

c)

Its theory of property

d)

Its defense of Locke

48.

With Marx in mind, consider the following: i. Class “for itself” involves a common relation to production ii. Class “in itself” is about acting in self-interest iii. Class “in itself” leads to revolution

a)

All are true

b)

Only i and iii are true

c)

Only ii is false

d)

Only i and ii are true

49.

With Garvey in mind, consider the following: i. Africans should adopt white strategies ii. They should not learn white strategies iii. They should avoid “talking down” their own race

a)

i and ii are true

b)

i and iii are false; ii is true

c)

ii and iii are false

d)

All are true

50.

Garvey’s idea of African “race purity” means

a)

Africans should isolate themselves

b)

Africans must take moral and social actions

c)

Africans should dominate world politics

d)

Africans should return to pre-colonial systems

51.

With Kollontai in mind, consider the following: i. Feminists oppose “double morality” for women ii. Feminists dare to love freely iii. Feminists avoid political engagement

a)

i and ii only

b)

All are true

c)

Only i and iii

d)

i and ii are true

52.

Ultimately, the Racial Contract leads to the construction of

a)

A global democracy

b)

A racial state

c)

A new form of equality

d)

A meritocracy

53.

The turn to civil society in the Racial Contract is marked by

a)

State formation

b)

Abolition of slavery

c)

The extermination of non-whites

d)

Cultural revolution

54.

Which of the following key concepts did Hegel introduce to modern Western political thought?

a)

Freedom

b)

Alienation

c)

Contract

d)

Sovereignty

55.

According to Marcus Garvey, “the race or the nation has POWER that is exclusive...” This means

a)

All races share equal power

b)

Racial power excludes other races

c)

Power is temporary

d)

White power is ideal

56.

The State under communism has a separate existence apart from civil society.

a)

True

b)

False

57.

One of the key critiques of Hobbes's Social Contract is that political subjects obey the sovereign out of

a)

Trust

b)

Respect

c)

Fear

d)

Habit

58.

For Hegel, thinking dialectically about history leads to

a)

Knowledge

b)

Absolute freedom

c)

Power

d)

Rational conflict

59.

The worker feels alienated in labor because

a)

Labor is external and does not reflect his essence

b)

Work gives him pride

c)

He is overpaid

d)

He chooses it

60.

Social contract theorists in the Western tradition drew their ideas from peculiar sources. Which pair is inappropriate?

a)

History and immediate political economy

b)

Rational logic and nature

c)

Religion and politics

d)

Science and ethics

61.

Consider the statements below: i. Under socialism, production is nationalized ii. Under communism, goods are abundant due to fairness iii. Class disappears in communism

a)

All are true

b)

i and iii are true

c)

i and ii are false

d)

1 and 3 are false

62.

The alienation of the proletariat from their species-essence undermines the ability of workers to think of actions as resulting from ideas. 2. The word species in species essence defines an inner human essence which urges individuals pursue multiple interests. 3. Species essence is loosely related to "psychological vigor"

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63.

For Hobbes's civil society the state primarily is concerned with guaranteeing

a)

The right of state

b)

Property rights

c)

Freedom

d)

Peace

64.

Communist morality demands: 1. An end to all relations based on financial or other economic considerations 2. The buying and selling of women destroys the sense of equality between the sexes and undermines the basis of solidarity 3. Female-induced ethical standards

(a)  

65.

What did Hobbes mean by "felicity" in his discourse on his social contract?

a)

Joy found in submission

b)

None of the above

c)

Social harmony

d)

Wealth accumulation

66.

In Hegelian thought, philosophy of history is akin to

a)

Recording past wars

b)

Storytelling

c)

Awareness of and deep reflections of the mind on the grand patterns of history

d)

Glorifying rulers

67.

Nordicism and Garveyism reflect each other. They are all based on... 1. Racial pride 2. Racial superiority 3. Racial hate 4. Racial warfare

(a)  

68.

Women are unable to understand the fact that weddings, engagements, and child naming ceremonies are social rituals to commemorate the woman's formal enslavement by the man within the family. Alexandra Kollontai describes this as: 1. Alienation of the woman from her human-self 2. Alienation of the woman from her culture 3. Alienation of the woman from her background 4. Alienation of the woman from her social background

(a)  

69.

1. Women who do not go through state norms governing the marriage and the family institution are treated as social outcasts 2. Laws of inheritance are the primary ideological mechanism through which the woman's cooperation in marriage is secured 3. The legal basis of marriage is grounded in the material and financial dependence of women on men

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70.

Which of the following in Hegelian political theory is the embodiment and guarantor of freedom?

a)

The family

b)

The monarchy

c)

Constitutionalism

d)

Property

71.

Class for itself is a consciousness vital to the triggering of a proletarian revolution to "create a dictatorship of the proletariat", transforming workers from mere wage earners into a business class.

a)

True

b)

False

72.

In the state of nature why will two natural men inevitably fight if they desire the same thing?

a)

They are naturally equal

b)

If they were altruistic, they would be exploited

c)

Scarcity of resources

d)

All of the above

73.

"His social contract represents the triumph of reason rather than hard necessity" — this statement is true of

a)

Hobbes

b)

Locke

c)

Rousseau

d)

Bentham

74.

An Essay Concerning Human Understanding is written by:

a)

Thomas Hobbes

b)

John Locke

c)

J.J. Rousseau

d)

None of these

75.

In describing the ‘State of Nature,’ the concept of the veil of ignorance was introduced by:

a)

Hobbes

b)

Locke

c)

Rousseau

d)

Rawls

76.

According to Alexandra Kollontai, women are blinded to the fact of being trapped in marriage and family structures because of their reified consciousness. Reification of consciousness means... 1. Deep faith in abstract concepts made into concrete things in the consciousness of women 2. The transformation of abstract concepts into concrete things for the glory and respect of women 3. Faithfulness and morality with reference to concrete things 4. Womanhood as defined by abstract cultural concepts made concrete for purity

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77.

Which of the following was central to Hegelian thought?

a)

Constitutional monarchy

b)

Revolution

c)

Freedom

d)

Democracy

78.

Both Hegel and Marx believed in a particular mode of analysis known as

a)

Empiricism

b)

Hermeneutics

c)

Dialectic

d)

Positivism

79.

Class in Marxist thought is: 1. An abstract social category with similar political aspirations 2. An abstract social category with similar property relations 3. An abstract social category with common economic interests 4. An abstract social category with dissimilar property relations

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80.

Which of the following is true about political philosophy?

a)

None of the above

b)

It concerns itself with true knowledge about politics

c)

It is insistent that political opinions matter

d)

It is simply a handmaiden of political thought

81.

John Locke argues that an agreement to make a government and follow its laws is known as a

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82.

John Locke argues that an agreement to make a government and follow its laws is known as a

a)

Social contract and government

b)

Constitutionalism and separation of powers

c)

Natural agreement based on reason

d)

Declaration of intent and government accountability

83.

Which of the descriptions below does Charles Mills use to refer to the way in which the state of nature is presented in Hobbes?

a)

Naïve anthropology

b)

Forgery

c)

Heuristics

d)

Realism

84.

Identify the correct pair which triggered the processes towards the formulation of the Social Contract Theories in Western Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries.

a)

Political corruption and religious intolerance

b)

Legitimacy and lawful procedures regarding law making

c)

Social tensions and poverty

d)

Pride and prejudice

85.

In Locke’s political philosophy, the chief end of men’s uniting into a commonwealth is

a)

The preservation of their property

b)

Domination over other commonwealths

c)

The preservation of their absolute power

d)

To defend their lives

86.

Which of the pairs captures Charles Mills’ conception of the State of Nature?

a)

Jungle and colony

b)

None of the above

c)

Fictional place marked by brute force

d)

Empty space and uninhabited

87.

At its deepest core, Hobbes’s Social Contract is about

a)

How to get rid of a corrupt monarchy

b)

Separating religion from politics

c)

Finding the best way to formulate laws

d)

The fear of anarchy and how to prevent it

88.

The state of nature for John Locke is considered

a)

A period of peace and reason

b)

A period of constant warfare

c)

A period of lawlessness

d)

A period of peace in certain areas and war in others

89.

Hobbes differs fundamentally with other social contractarians of his era because

a)

His theory involves the state of nature

b)

The state is antecedent to society in his theory

c)

He is not concerned with rights

d)

Society is central in his analysis

90.

John Locke insists that every man, by consenting with others to make one body politic under one government, puts himself under an obligation to everyone of that society to submit to the determination of

a)

The judges

b)

The majority

c)

His own will

d)

The king

91.

Rousseau’s political philosophy furnished the basis for which of the following?

a)

Popular sovereignty

b)

Limited sovereignty

c)

Political sovereignty

d)

Absolute sovereignty

92.

What did Hobbes mean by the “State of Nature?”

a)

None of the above

b)

The place where beasts attacked people

c)

A state where scientific invention was not encouraged

d)

A place where there was no society because there was no state

93.

Charles Mills’ Social Contract is brought into being by agreement between

a)

Slave owners and slaves

b)

White and black people

c)

White males

d)

Colonizers and colonized

94.

Rousseau’s natural man is virtually identical to a solitary

a)

Ape

b)

Chimpanzee

c)

None of these

d)

Both A & B

95.

In the Lockean Social Contract people surrendered

a)

Only the natural rights

b)

Only right to property

c)

Only the right to interpret and enforce the laws of nature

d)

All rights

96.

What does Charles Mills mean when he argues in his work The Racial Contract that all whites are beneficiaries of the racial contract but not all are signatories?

a)

Not all white people sign the Racial Contract but all benefit from it

b)

None of the above

c)

Not all white people gain from the Racial Contract

d)

All white people sign the racial contract and all of them gain from it

97.

Who is described as the “Intellectual Father” of the French Revolution?

a)

None of these

b)

Montesquieu

c)

J.J. Rousseau

d)

Napoleon

98.

The Racial Contract mounts a challenge against other contractarian theories because it considered them to be

a)

Unconcerned with reality

b)

Too concerned with economics

c)

Racist

d)

Undemocratic

99.

According to John Locke the Sovereign was

a)

A party to the contract

b)

Born out of the contract

c)

Outside the contract

d)

None of the above

100.

Which of the following captures THE difference between Locke and Hobbes and their Social Contracts?

a)

Theological versus Philosophical

b)

Ideal and Non-Ideal

c)

Radical versus Conservative

d)

Analytical versus Descriptive

101.

In Hobbes’s State of Nature which of the following was a key right?

a)

Right of Nature

b)

Right to Life

c)

Right to Property

d)

Right to Trade

102.

In Rousseau’s philosophy, society’s negative influence on men centers on its transformation of

a)

Amour de soi-même

b)

A positive self-love

c)

All of the above

d)

Instinctive human desire for self-preservation

103.

The Racial Contract is anchored fundamentally on categorizing non-whites as

a)

Mentally retarded

b)

Slaves

c)

Equals

d)

Morally inferior

104.

Which of the following was NOT part of the socio-political context of England which shaped the discourse of the Hobbesian Social Contract?

a)

The Rise of a new Bourgeoisie

b)

English Civil Wars

c)

The emergence of the idea of sovereignty

d)

Religion

105.

John Locke argues that an agreement to make a government and follow its laws is known as a

a)

Natural agreement based on reason

b)

Social contract and government

c)

Constitutionalism and separation of powers

d)

Declaration of intent and government accountability

106.

Most critics of the Hobbesian Social Contract consider it

a)

Against the monarchical system of government

b)

Immoral

c)

Irreligious

d)

Absolutist

107.

John Locke argues that a man in the state of nature will relinquish his absolute freedom to the state because

a)

He wants to have absolute power over others

b)

He will also enjoy absolute freedom when subject to the state

c)

In the state of nature the enjoyment of his freedom is very uncertain and vulnerable

d)

He rejects the laws of the state of nature

108.

One of the attributes of the sovereign in Thomas Hobbes’s view is control of religious conduct. By this he did NOT mean

a)

Determining what people personally believed

b)

None of the above

c)

Regulating public forms of worship

d)

Banning religion

109.

The Racial Contract is underpinned by three sub-contracts. Which of the options below is the odd one out?

a)

The Expropriation Contract

b)

The Slavery Contract

c)

The Colonial Contract

d)

The Exploitation Contract

110.

The sovereign in the Hobbesian Social Contract is not subject to it. Why is this so?

a)

Because the sovereign is lawless

b)

Because the sovereign is against civil society

c)

Because the sovereign is above the law

d)

Because the sovereign remains in the state of nature when the social contract is entered into

111.

Which of the phrases below capture Locke’s reasoning concerning the chief end of men’s uniting into a commonwealth?

a)

Domination over other commonwealths

b)

The preservation of their absolute power

c)

The preservation of their property

d)

None of the above

112.

The Racial Contract and the contractarian theories that preceded it converge on the primacy of

a)

Economic activity

b)

Sovereignty

c)

Racism

d)

Moral values

113.

In Locke’s analysis of the state, legislative power is limited by

a)

The impartial rule of established laws

b)

A monarch

c)

Laws established for the good of the state

d)

Different rules for rich and poor

114.

Charles Mills came up with the Racial Contract for a number of reasons. Which of the following is NOT part of his reasons?

a)

Earlier contractarian theories were unrealistic

b)

None of the above

c)

The social contract theories of political thinkers like Hobbes and Locke took full account of the experience of non-white people

d)

Existing contractarian theories were idealistic

115.

According to John Locke, every man, by consenting with others to make one body politic under one government, puts himself under an obligation imposed on all members of that society to submit to the determination of

a)

The king

b)

The judges

c)

His own will

d)

The majority

116.

In the Lockean state of nature people enjoyed only

a)

Divine rights

b)

Natural rights

c)

Religious rights

d)

Legal rights

117.

The Racial Contract (TRC) of Charles Mills is different from other Social Contract Theories by virtue of

a)

The centrality of diasporan affairs in the TRC

b)

Its disinterest in the State of Nature

c)

Its focus on morality

d)

Its claim that race has come to define the modern world politically and how this so needs to be understood

118.

Which of the following were considered the most important rights enjoyed by the people in the state of nature in John Locke’s theory?

a)

People enjoyed no rights at all

b)

Right to life, liberty and property

c)

Right to religion, worship and conscience

d)

Right to participate in government