WorksheetsChapter 28: Abdominal and Gastrointestinal Disorders
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
Which of the following is a major organ of the gastrointestinal system?
Appendix
Salivary glands
Kidney
Gallbladder
In Kennedy’s study of protocols of medical priority dispatch systems, what percentage of patients complaining of abdominal pain were determined to have needed advanced life support?
84%
64%
32%
16%
The largest and most complex gland of the body is the:
pancreas.
thyroid.
liver.
gallbladder.
The pancreas is ______-shaped.
pear
apple
worm
fish
In the mnemonic OPQRST for taking a patient’s history, what does the P stand for?
Pain
Provocation
Prevention
Previous episodes
Visceral pain is characterized as:
sharp/stabbing.
burning.
cramping.
constant in intensity.
Severe, unrelenting right upper quadrant or epigastric pain that may refer to the right subscapular area is characteristic of:
peritonitis.
pancreatitis.
cholecystitis.
diverticulitis.
Typical pain characteristics of a leaking abdominal aneurysm include:
lower quadrant pain that refers to the shoulder and becomes agonizing when the aneurysm ruptures.
steady throbbing midline pain over the site of the aneurysm that may radiate to the back and/or flank.
lower quadrant pain that is steady and increases in intensity with cough or motion.
intense left upper quadrant pain that radiates to the left shoulder and may worsen with elevation of the foot of the bed.
Which of the following statements regarding referred pain is MOST correct?
It arises when branches of somatic fibers synapse in the spinal cord with the same second-order neurons that receive pain fibers from the skin.
Visceral ailments rarely cause no symptoms other than referred pain.
Cardiac pain often refers to the right subscapular area.
Renal colic pain may refer to the genitalia.
Pain when dropping from standing on the toes to the heels with a jarring landing is known as the:
Markle sign.
McBurney sign.
Cullen sign.
Rovsings sign.
In the mnemonic BAD-GUT-PAINS for remembering common causes of acute abdominal pain, the T stands for:
tumor.
temperature.
toxins.
transverse colon.
Common signs and symptoms of a high intestinal obstruction include:
change in stool color.
vomiting.
diarrhea.
constipation.
Rising from a recumbent position to a sitting or standing position with a concurrent rise in pulse
rate of ____ beats/min after 1 minute indicates significant blood volume depletion and decreased
perfusion.
2 to 5
4 to 8
8 to 10
10 to 15
Ascites is usually associated with severe disease affecting the:
kidneys.
liver.
gallbladder.
bowel.
Which of the following is a role of the paramedic in the management of the patient with an abdominal emergency?
Support the patient’s airway.
Perform an abbreviated history.
Forego initiating intravenous therapy.
Withhold analgesics.
Which type of abdominal emergency is associated with lower gastrointestinal bleeding?
Pancreatitis
Cholecystitis
Acute hepatitis
Hemorrhoids
Mallory-Weiss syndrome is associated with:
upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
cancers of the esophagus.
The term that describes bright red blood from the rectum is:
hematemesis.
melena.
hematochezia.
hemochromatosis.
One of the top three organisms responsible for US outbreaks of gastroenteritis is:
Shigella.
Salmonella.
norovirus.
Cyclospora cayetanensis.
The population MOST vulnerable to rotavirus infection is:
Children from 0 to 6 months
Children from 6 months to 2 years
Adults aged 78 years and older
Adults with chronic gastroenteritis
Which pathogen is the MOST common cause of chronic gastroenteritis?
E coli
Helicobacter pylori
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Enterobacter
Approximately how many people in the United States are affected by irritable bowel disease?
250,000
700,000
1 million
3 million
Which of the following statements regarding Crohn disease is correct?
It is a chronic form of irritable bowel disease.
It is limited to the ileum and colon.
It affects mainly older people.
It is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum.
A diverticulum is a sac or pouch that develops in the wall of the:
esophagus.
stomach.
duodenum.
colon.
Which of the following is a serious complication of diverticular disease?
Alternating constipation and diarrhea
Fever
Abscess formation
Gangrene
Which of the following is a characteristic of appendicitis?
It affects 17% of the population.
Presentation often includes diarrhea.
Rupture can cause pain to diminish.
Dull, diffuse pain occurs on rebound at the McBurney point.
Duodenal ulcers are most common in which age range?
12 to 17 years
21 to 34 years
30 to 50 years
40 to 60 years
The condition in which food or liquid travels backward from the stomach to the esophagus is known as:
gastroesophageal reflux disease.
hiatal hernia.
peptic ulcer.
irritable bowel disease.
Which of the following describes intussusception?
Mechanical obstruction of the bowel
Obstruction of the bowel caused by adhesions
Telescoping of one portion of the intestine into another
Twisting of the intestines
Protrusion of an organ from its normal position through a congenital or acquired opening is called a(n):
hernia
ulcer
abscess
fistula
Which criterion determines when acute pancreatitis becomes chronic pancreatitis?
History of three or more episodes in the past 6 months
Marked increase in symptom severity
Development of pancreatic cancer
Scarring of the pancreas
Which of the following accurately describes esophageal varices?
They occur at the upper portion of the esophagus.
They are caused by pathologic elevation of portal venous pressure.
They occur in about 20% of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.
two-thirds of patients with esophageal varices due to alcoholic cirrhosis develop bleeding.
Variceal bleeding has a mortality rate of:
5% to 10%
10% to 20%
20% to 30%
30% to 40%
By the age of 50 years, what percentage of people develop hemorrhoids?
15%
30%
50%
60%
Anal fistula is associated with which of the following?
Tuberculosis
Hiatal hernia
Hemorrhoids
Hepatitis
Which of the following is characteristic of cholecystitis?
It affects 30% to 50% of the population.
It affects men more than women.
Recent bariatric surgery is a risk factor.
Gallstones are the cause in 75% of cases.
What percentage of patients with liver disease are asymptomatic?
10%
20%
30%
50%
Which form of hepatitis is spread by the fecal–oral route?
A
B
C
G
Which of the following is accurate regarding hereditary hemochromatosis?
The extra iron accumulates mainly in the brain.
One common symptom is increased libido.
It is a common genetic disorder in the United States.
It is treated with an oral medication.
Abdominal pain in children is more likely to:
require surgery.
involve a vascular catastrophe.
lead to dehydration.
involve ischemic heart disease.
