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WorksheetsChapter 7: Cardiovascular System - Test Bank
Total questions: 48
Worksheet time: 27mins
The heart is lined with a smooth, delicate membrane called the:
Myocardium
Pericardium
Epicardium
Endocardium
The heart rate is controlled by the:
Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
AV node
Purkinje fibers
Which hormone increases heart rate and increases the force of its contractions?
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Cortisone
The left atrioventricular (AV) valve is also called the:
Tricuspid valve
Mitral valve
Quadcuspid valve
Chordae tendineae
The tricuspid valve is located:
Between the left ventricle and aorta
Between the left atrium and ventricle
Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Between the right atrium and ventricle
Deoxygenated venous blood returns to the heart via the:
Right and left coronary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Superior and inferior vena cava
Pulmonary arteries
The superior and inferior vena cava empty into the:
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
The right ventricle pumps blood into the:
Pulmonary veins
Aorta
Superior and inferior vena cava
Pulmonary artery
The pulmonary veins empty into the:
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Deoxygenated blood is carried from the heart to the lungs via the:
Pulmonary veins
Pulmonary arteries
Aorta
Coronary arteries
Systole is defined as the:
Contraction phase
Relaxation phase
Resting phase
Mechanical phase
What term is applied to the contraction phase of the heart?
Diastole
Systole
Impulse
Synapse
What term is applied to the relaxed, filling phase of the heart?
Synapse
Impulse
Systole
Diastole
Which of the following is termed the “pacemaker” of the heart?
Purkinje fibers
Bundle of His
SA node
Which of the following is the correct order of the impulse of a heartbeat through the components of the conduction system?
SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers, SA node
SA node, Bundle of His, AV node, Purkinje fibers
AV node, Purkinje fibers, SA node, Bundle of His
What is the function of the pericardium?
Provide the contraction, pumping action of the heart
Initiate the heartbeat
Protect against friction and permit free movement of the heart during contraction
Provide an intrinsic rhythm in case the autonomic nervous system fails
The double-walled membranous sac that protects against friction and permits the heart to move freely during contraction is called the:
Epicardium
Pericardium
Endocardium
Myocardium
The most common congenital cardiac lesions are:
Tetralogy of Fallot
Coarctation of the aorta
Right-to-left shunts
Left-to-right shunts
Which congenital cardiac lesion appears radiographically as an enlarged left atrium, left ventricle, and central pulmonary arteries, along with diffuse increased pulmonary vasculature?
Atrial septal defect
Patent foramen ovale
Patent ductus arteriosus
Tetralogy of Fallot
Which congenital cardiac lesion appears radiographically as an enlarged right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary outflow tract?
Coarctation of the aorta
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
What is the radiographic evidence of ventricular septal defect?
Enlarged right atrium and ventricle
Enlarged left ventricle
Enlarged aorta
Enlarged pulmonary trunk
Which of the following is an abnormal vascular connection between the pulmonary artery and aorta?
Patent ductus arteriosus
Patent foramen ovale
Rheumatic heart disease
Chordae tendineae
All left-to-right shunts can be complicated by the development of:
Pulmonary hypertension
Congestive heart failure
Rheumatic heart disease
Mitral valve prolapse
Which imaging modality is the most definitive, yet the most invasive, for demonstration of the heart atria and ventricles?
MRI
Echocardiography
CT
Angiography
What is the most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease?
Coarctation of the aorta
Tetralogy of Fallot
Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease and is a combination of four abnormalities. Which of the following is NOT a component of Tetralogy of Fallot?
Pulmonary stenosis
Patent ductus arteriosus
Ventricular septal defect
Atrial septal defect
Constriction of the aorta at the distal arch is termed:
Coarctation of the aorta
Tetralogy of Fallot
Aortic prolapse
Aortic valve insufficiency
Which of the following show up clinically as normal blood pressure in the upper extremities and low blood pressure in the lower extremities?
Aortic prolapse
Mitral valve prolapse
Coarctation of the aorta
Ventricular septal defect
Rib notching is a radiographic characteristic of:
Ventricular septal defect
Coarctation of the aorta
Atrial septal defect
Tetralogy of Fallot
Which of the following causes ischemic heart disease as a result of decreased oxygen to the myocardium?
Mitral valve prolapse
Tetralogy of Fallot
Coronary artery disease
Coarctation of the aorta
Atherosclerosis is:
a condition where arteries become narrowed and hardened due to plaque buildup
a disease that affects only the veins
a type of cancer affecting the heart
an infection caused by bacteria in the blood
Atherosclerosis is:
Fatty deposits on the inner lining of arteries
Loss of arterial wall elasticity
Calcification of the aorta caused by metabolic error
Sudden, acute arterial collapse
Fatty deposits along the lining of arterials walls is termed:
Coarctation
Atherosclerosis
Eisenmenger’s syndrome
Myocardial infarction
What is a myocardial infarction?
An accumulation of fatty material on the myocardium
A drastic increase in the size of myocardial cells
Death of myocardial cells
Neoplastic proliferation of myocardial cells
Death of myocardial cells caused by a lack of blood supply is known as a:
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Cardiogenic shock
Cardiopulmonary ischemia
Myocardial infarction
The inability of the heart to propel blood at a rate and volume sufficient to provide an adequate supple to the tissues is called:
Myocardial infarction
Congestive heart failure
Cardiogenic shock
Coronary angioplasty
Which of the following are causes of congestive heart failure?
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular pulmonary tissues is termed:
Pulmonary edema
Congestive heart failure
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary infarct
The most common cause of pulmonary edema is:
Which of the following might cause pulmonary edema?
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
The leading cause of strokes and CHF is:
Myocardial infarction
Cardiogenic shock
Hypertension
High blood pressure is defined as a systolic pressure above ______ mm Hg and a diastolic pressure above ______ mm Hg.
90/140
140/90
100/70
70/100
What is an aneurysm?
An area of an artery in which the lumen is narrowed or stenotic
An area of an artery in which the walls are dilated
A benign tumor of the inner lining of the arterial wall
A malignant tumor of the muscular layer of the arterial wall
A localized dilatation of an artery is termed a(n):
Aneurysm
Coarctation
Stenosis
Dissection
When an artery is dilated, or bulging, on only one side of the arterial wall, it is termed a:
Fusiform aneurysm
Saccular aneurysm
Lobar arterial tumor
Unilobar arterial tumor
When the entire circumference of the vessel wall is bulging, it is called a:
Fusiform aneurysm
Saccular aneurysm
A potentially fatal complication of closed chest trauma is:
Aneurysm
Aortic stenosis
Traumatic rupture of aorta
Aortic valve insufficiency
What is an aortic dissection?
Complete tear of arterial wall
Congenital anomaly in which the lumen is duplicated
Traumatic disruption of the aorta from the root at the junction of the left ventricle
Disruption of the intima allowing blood to flow between the layers of the wall
