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Unit 1 Test Review- Emergency Care

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
1) Unlawful physical contact with a patient is called:
a)
A) negligence.
b)
B) abandonment.
c)
C) battery.
d)
D) harassment.
2.
2) The term ________ means the care that should be provided for any level of training based on local laws and other guidelines and protocols established by the local EMS system. For example, any patient that comes in with a dog bite would be treated the same based on this.
a)
A) scope of practice
b)
B) standard of care
c)
C) ethical response
d)
D) emergency response
3.
3) Ethics are the ________ that guide a person's right, good, and proper behavior.
a)
A) laws
b)
B) protocols
c)
C) duties
d)
D) moral principles
4.
4) You have a patient who has stopped breathing and has no signs of circulation; therefore is unconscious. You notice a medical alert bracelet indicating the patient is a registered organ donor. This patient will be able to provide ________ consent.
a)
A) informed
b)
B) implied
c)
C) expressed
d)
D) competent
5.
5) You are called to help a man who is having chest pains. When you arrive, he insists that he is fine and doesn't need any help. What should you do next?
a)
A) Stay calm and professional, explain the potential dangers of refusing treatment, and document the refusal of care. Follow local laws for calling in additional assistance.
b)
B) Carefully document the refusal of care, inform the patient that you cannot be held responsible for anything further, and withdraw from the scene.
c)
C) Restrain the patient, and begin to evaluate and treat him while waiting for the police to arrive.
d)
D) Inform the patient that he has given implied consent and begin treatment immediately.
6.
6) ________ are a variety of documents that allow individuals to define their wishes or appoint someone else to make healthcare decisions on their behalf.
a)
A) Living wills
b)
B) Letters of Agreement
c)
C) Consent contracts
d)
D) Advance directives
7.
7) During your assessment, a patient tells you that she has a DNR order and shows it to you. What should you do?
a)
A) Inform the patient that you can't do anything for her.
b)
B) Inform her that her DNR order is outdated and she must accept treatment.
c)
C) Provide appropriate comfort and care within the bounds of the DNR.
d)
D) Stop all care immediately as is legally required by the DNR "cease and desist" clause.
8.
8) As a paid Emergency Medical Responder, while on duty you are expected to provide care according to the standard operating procedures outlined by your department. This is called:
a)
A) duty to act.
b)
B) standard of care.
c)
C) scope of practice.
d)
D) delegation of authority.
9.
9) Certain states have ________ laws that protect care providers from civil liability (lawsuits) for delivering care, as long as it is to their level of training and to the best of their ability.
a)
A) Innocent Bystander
b)
B) Good Samaritan
c)
C) First Responder
d)
D) Duty of Care
10.
10) HIPAA is a law that dictates the extent to which:
a)
A) an EMT may provide on-the-scene care.
b)
B) a hospital may accept or refuse patients.
c)
C) protected health information may be shared.
d)
D) a patient may decline treatment or refuse consent.
11.
11) ________ must alert authorities to certain events or conditions that they either know or suspect have occurred, such as child or elder abuse.
a)
A) Emergency Medical Responders
b)
B) Paramedics (but not EMTs)
c)
C) Mandated reporters
d)
D) Bystanders
12.
12) You are called to a scene where a young man has been shot while trying to rob a convenience store. When you arrive, the young man is lying on the floor and appears to be bleeding from his leg. The police are trying to calm down the store owner, who is in a rage and is waving his shotgun around. What should you do next?
a)
A) Treat the patient and remove him from the scene, while staying out of the way of police officers.
b)
B) Do not enter the scene until it is safe to do so or law enforcement tells you that you may enter.
c)
C) Preserve the patient's clothing and avoid cutting through any holes from the gunshot.
d)
D) Tell the store owner to step outside so that you can treat the patient. If the store owner refuses to cooperate, take him immediately into custody.
13.
13) Your crew responds to a call for a man who is on the ground with blood running freely from his arm. He is distressed and angrily tells you to go away, but doesn't seem to understand where he is or what has happened to him. His adult daughter tells you that the man has Alzheimer's and is on blood thinners. She begs you to help him. Can you assist the patient?
a)
A) Yes. You must assist all emergency patients who are actively bleeding.
b)
B) No. You may not assist a responsive patient who has refused treatment.
c)
C) No. The patient has refused treatment and assisting him would violate HIPAA.
d)
D) Yes. The patient is not competent to make rational decisions about his health care.
14.
14) You and your partner are on the way back to work when you see a child who has been struck by a vehicle and is unresponsive in the road. You begin care for her and call for advanced care to transport her to a nearby emergency department. You know she can be legally transported based on:
a)
A) actual consent.
b)
B) informed consent.
c)
C) implied consent.
d)
D) Good Samaritan laws.
15.
15) You are responding to a one-car accident on a neighborhood street. An elderly woman hit a telephone pole while swerving to avoid a dog that was running loose. She is conscious and sitting in her car. After you determine that the scene is safe to approach, the next thing you should do is:
a)
A) ask for the woman's consent for care.
b)
B) ask the woman to step out of the car so you can assess her injuries.
c)
C) ensure that the dog is captured and controlled.
d)
D) provide oxygen and begin an IV for fluids.
16.
16) For a lawsuit alleging negligence to be successful, the following four elements must be established EXCEPT:
a)
A) Duty to act
b)
B) Breach of duty
c)
C) Causation
d)
D) HIPAA violation
17.
17) Your patient is a woman with a broken nose. She is at the park with her children, and she tells you she was hit in the face by a swing. After you take her vital signs and begin to administer first aid, she says that she's fine and you can go. From a legal perspective, what are your options since you already started performing care?
a)
A) You could be charged with abuse if you continue to assist her.
b)
B) You could be guilty of abandonment if you leave after beginning care.
c)
C) You could be charged under the Good Samaritan law if you cease care.
d)
D) You could be charged with assault if you call for someone with a higher level of training.
18.
18) You have a critically injured patient who has been identified as an organ donor. How should this patient's treatment differ from that of other patients?
a)
A) Consent for organ donation is equivalent to a Do Not Resuscitate order.
b)
B) The patient should be carefully packed in ice to preserve the organs on the way to the hospital.
c)
C) The patient should be put on special oxygen for organ preservation.
d)
D) Emergency care for organ donors must not differ from that of non-organ donors.
19.
19) What is considered a breach of duty?
a)
A) A direct link between the care provided and damage to the patient
b)
B) A choice to prolong or not prolong life
c)
C) Care provided to a nonresponsive patient who cannot give consent
d)
D) Care to a less than an acceptable standard
20.

20) Use this scenario to answer the question: You respond to a 67-year-old female who has fallen at home. On arrival, the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a "pop" as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right if you leave—the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She's afraid she can't afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon. For you to care for this patient, you must get her consent for treatment and transport. If you treat this patient against her will, you have committed:

a)
A) a confidentiality violation.
b)
B) a standard of care breach.
c)
C) negligence.
d)
D) battery.
21.

21) Use this scenario to answer the question. You respond to a 67-year-old female who has fallen at home. On arrival, the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a "pop" as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right if you leave—the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She's afraid she can't afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon.

The patient requests that you leave, and she tells you that she will get help from her neighbor. She refuses to sign anything, either giving or refusing consent. You know the ambulance will be there soon, and you consider leaving. What should you do?

a)
A) Leave or be charged with battery.
b)
B) Insist that she must sign the refusal-of-care document.
c)
C) Tell her neighbor that the woman is irrational and not competent to consent.
d)
D) Wait for the ambulance to arrive, while calmly explaining to the woman that it would be best to allow care.
22.

22) Use this scenario to answer the question. You respond to a 67-year-old female who has fallen at home. On arrival the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a "pop" as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right if you leave—the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She's afraid she can't afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon.

You consider the appropriate ________ for the patient by asking yourself what another individual with your training would and should do under similar circumstances.

a)
A) legal obligations
b)
B) ethical response
c)
C) standard of care
d)
D) treatment protocols
23.

23) Use this scenario to answer the question. You respond to a 67-year-old female who has fallen at home. On arrival, the patient is conscious and alert, with no respiratory or cardiac compromise. She states she tripped and fell and now has pain in her left hip. She thinks she might have heard a "pop" as she hit the floor. She has her neighbor at her side and says it is all right if you leave—the neighbor can get her up and to her favorite chair. She's afraid she can't afford the ambulance and the hospital, and she is sure she is just feeling her age. You know that the ambulance is on its way and should arrive soon.

After you talk with the patient, she decides to allow you to treat her injury and says that she will go in the ambulance to the hospital. This form of consent is known as:

a)
A) expressed consent.
b)
B) uninformed consent.
c)
C) implied consent.
d)
D) minor's consent.
24.
24) Following the call, one of the neighbors stops you and asks what happened over at that house. You know you cannot speak with the neighbor concerning the patient's condition because it would breach:
a)
A) the standard of care.
b)
B) customer service protocols.
c)
C) patient confidentiality.
d)
D) your values.
25.
25) You are about to start a new job and are told that you must have a medical exam prior to employment to determine your:
a)
A) fitness to work.
b)
B) baseline health status.
c)
C) drug use.
d)
D) health qualifications.
26.
26) Which vaccine is required by OSHA for any employee who has a reasonable risk of being exposed to blood or other infectious materials?
a)
A) Tuberculosis
b)
B) HIV
c)
C) Hepatitis B
d)
D) Pneumonia
27.
27) Standard precautions are specific steps taken to prevent exposure to:
a)
A) potentially infectious patients.
b)
B) any bodily fluids.
c)
C) broken glass and metal shards.
d)
D) heat or chemical burns.
28.
28) Body substance isolation (BSI) precautions include:
a)
A) Hepatitis A and B vaccinations.
b)
B) special plastic tents for infectious patients.
c)
C) CDC warnings by radio and television.
d)
D) wearing personal protective equipment.
29.
29) Pathogens that are breathed into the lungs enter the body through which route of exposure?
a)
A) Inhalation
b)
B) Ingestion
c)
C) Injection
d)
D) Absorption
30.
30) Which type of PPE must be worn every time you are assisting a patient?
a)
A) Gloves
b)
B) Gown
c)
C) Face mask
d)
D) Eye protection
31.
31) After cleaning reusable equipment with soap and water to remove all visible blood, vomit, and other bodily fluids, you must clean it again with an appropriate:
a)
A) partner.
b)
B) supervisor.
c)
C) pathogen.
d)
D) disinfectant.
32.
32) While working with a TB patient with a wet cough, you discover that despite wearing appropriate PPE, some of the patient's sputum has splattered onto your face. You wash the area thoroughly with soap and water, and document the exposure in the appropriate form. What must you also remember to do?
a)
A) Get a tuberculosis vaccine within seven days.
b)
B) Place yourself in quarantine when you reach the hospital.
c)
C) Schedule a follow-up medical evaluation.
d)
D) Complete an advance directive form.
33.
33) You have received a call that a woman has been injured in a fight outside a downtown bar. Which of the below would indicate that you must not attempt to provide care until law enforcement gets there?
a)
A) People are in the streets.
b)
B) Several people are carrying weapons
c)
C) The bar still has customers
d)
D) The patient is in handcuffs
34.
34) You are called to the scene of an overturned tanker truck. Arriving at the scene, you notice a fluid draining from the underside of the truck. You use your binoculars to look on the placard on the back of the vehicle so that you can identify the material from your:
a)
A) Physician's Desk Reference.
b)
B) Emergency Response Guidebook.
c)
C) Standard Operating Procedure Manual.
d)
D) Emergency Medical Responder Manual.
35.
35) A(n) ________ is any emotional or physical demand that causes stress.
a)
A) incident
b)
B) irritant
c)
C) stressor
d)
D) casualty
36.
36) After responding to the case of a small child who was severely abused and who later died at the hospital, you are feeling especially down and distracted, even weeks later. This is because:
a)
A) multiple-casualty incidents are very sad.
b)
B) the stress of being an EMR is too much for you.
c)
C) the child's guardian is likely to retaliate against you.
d)
D) the stress of a critical incident can continue long after the event.
37.
37) After an unusually busy month, you notice that your partner seems more irritable than usual for her lately, and is drinking more than usual, too. These are both indications of ________ and your partner may need some help.
a)
A) stress
b)
B) depression
c)
C) anxiety
d)
D) drug addiction
38.
38) You respond quickly to a call but the patient is already dead when you arrive. The patient's brother becomes very angry with you, even though it is clear that the patient would have died even if you had arrived earlier. What should you do?
a)
A) Apologize for not arriving in time to save the patient, because the brother is in denial.
b)
B) Advise the brother to move out of the anger stage and into acceptance, since there is nothing to be done for the patient.
c)
C) Remind the brother that you got there as fast as you could and that the patient was a hopeless case.
d)
D) Remain tolerant and recognize that anger is part of the way people deal with death.
39.
39) Certain lifestyle changes, such as ________, can help you cope better with the stress associated with the EMR job.
a)
A) regular exercise
b)
B) eating more chocolate
c)
C) enjoying a cocktail
d)
D) getting divorced
40.
40) In a critical incident stress debriefing (CISD), teams of trained peer counselors and mental health professionals meet with rescuers and health care providers who have been involved in a critical incident, usually within ________ after the incident.
a)
A) 1 to 2 hours
b)
B) a month
c)
C) 24 to 72 hours
d)
D) 5 to 10 days
41.
41) Which potentially fatal disease can be transmitted by needle sticks or blood contact, and for which no vaccine is available?
a)
A) Hepatitis B
b)
B) Meningitis
c)
C) HIV/AIDS
d)
D) Tuberculosis
42.
42) Which U.S. government agency is charged with identifying, preventing, and controlling diseases and other health problems?
a)
A) CDC
b)
B) FDA
c)
C) HHS
d)
D) CISM
43.

43) You are caring for a 6-year-old female whom the family says has been very sick since last night. She had a high fever, but they thought it was just the flu. Today, the child became worse and complained of her neck hurting and being stiff. The child is now unresponsive and is not breathing. You have been ventilating her with a bag-valve device attached to oxygen until ALS arrives and takes over care and transports.

Your first responsibility on this call should be to:

a)
A) provide an airway for the child.
b)
B) protect yourself and your partner.
c)
C) provide support to the family.
d)
D) notify advanced care.
44.

44) You are caring for a 6-year-old female whom the family says has been very sick since last night. She had a high fever, but they thought it was just the flu. Today, the child became worse and complained of her neck hurting and being stiff. The child is now unresponsive and is not breathing. You have been ventilating her with a bag-valve device attached to oxygen until ALS arrives and takes over care and transports.

Your patient may have a contagious disease that will require you to follow up with further treatment if exposed. You consider that the patient's symptoms are consistent with:

a)
A) HIV/AIDS.
b)
B) tuberculosis.
c)
C) meningitis.
d)
D) hepatitis C.
45.

45) You are caring for a 6-year-old female whom the family says has been very sick since last night. She had a high fever, but they thought it was just the flu. Today, the child became worse and complained of her neck hurting and being stiff. The child is now unresponsive and is not breathing. You have been ventilating her with a bag-valve device attached to oxygen until ALS arrives and takes over care and transports. The best protection from this disease is to use all the common personal protective equipment you have, because this disease is contracted through:

a)
A) blood.
b)
B) respiratory secretions.
c)
C) needle sticks.
d)
D) fecal material.
46.

46) You are caring for a 6-year-old female whom the family says has been very sick since last night. She had a high fever, but they thought it was just the flu. Today, the child became worse and complained of her neck hurting and being stiff. The child is now unresponsive and is not breathing. You have been ventilating her with a bag-valve device attached to oxygen until ALS arrives and takes over care and transports. Early on in the call, the child coughed directly into your face. You were not wearing eye protection, and you think there might have been an exposure. You should:

a)
A) wash with soap and water, and flush your eyes with clean water for 20 minutes.
b)
B) do nothing; this patient is not contagious.
c)
C) leave the patient and immediately go to the hospital.
d)
D) wash your face with disinfectant solution.
47.

47) You are caring for a 6-year-old female whom the family says has been very sick since last night. She had a high fever, but they thought it was just the flu. Today, the child became worse and complained of her neck hurting and being stiff. The child is now unresponsive and is not breathing. You have been ventilating her with a bag-valve device attached to oxygen until ALS arrives and takes over care and transports.

You recognize that this call has the potential to cause you stress. Signs of stress include all of the following EXCEPT:

a)
A) bargaining.
b)
B) nausea.
c)
C) headaches.
d)
D) indecisiveness.
48.
48) Which one of the following is NOT true about expressed consent?
a)
A) The patient may withdraw it at any time.
b)
B) It may be given via nonverbal communication.
c)
C) It can be given by parents of minors on their behalf.
d)
D) It requires a signed form to be valid.
49.
49) Which one of the following patients may legally refuse care at the scene of an emergency?
a)
A) 11 year old boy who was hit by a car while riding his bike.
b)
B) 26 year old unresponsive overdose patient.
c)
C) 46 year old intoxicated driver of a vehicle involved in a collision
d)
D) 68 year old woman having chest pain
50.
50) Which one of the following types of PPE would be MOST important to use when caring for a patient with tuberculosis?
a)
A) Gloves
b)
B) Eyeglasses
c)
C) HEPA mask
d)
D) Gown

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