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A&P 1 Major Review 1

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 6hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

True or False: As an anatomist, I describe how the different processes of the body work and the roles of its structures. As a physiologist, I identify and describe the body's structures and its components.

a)

True

b)

False

2.

There are 5 layers in the epidermis of the skin. They are: stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum. What perspective does this statement reflect?

a)

Anatomical

b)

Physiological

3.

What is the correct order of the levels of organization from smallest to largest?

a)

Tissue, Organ, Cell, Chemical, Organism, Organ System

b)

Organism, Organ System, Organ, Tissue, Cell, Chemical

c)

Cell, Chemical, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

d)

Chemical, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

4.

What body system provides a physical barrier between our body and the outside world?

a)

Muscular System

b)

Skeletal System

c)

Integumentary System

d)

Digestive System

5.

If I were to split the body in a way that gave me a top and bottom portion, I split it along the ___.

a)

Tranvserse plane

b)

Frontal Plane

c)

Coronal Plane

d)

Midsagittal Plane

6.

The frontal plane splits the body into ___ and ___ sections.

a)

Super, Inferior

b)

Anterior, Posterior

c)

Left, RIght

d)

Top, Bottom

7.

Which cavity can the brain be found in?

a)

Ventral

b)

Abdominal

c)

Dorsal

d)

Thoracic

8.

I've recently been experiencing pain in my axillary and coxal regions. What terms are synonymous with these?

a)

Upper Arm, Hip

b)

Elbow, Thigh

c)

Armpit, Hip

d)

Kneecap, Calf

9.

True or False: The femoral region describes the thigh, and it is distal to the crural region.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

The heart can be found in the ___ cavity, and the membrane that directly touches the heart tissue is known as the ___.

a)

Ventral, Parietal Pericardium

b)

Abdominal, Visceral Pleura

c)

Thoracic, Visceral Pericardium

d)

Thoracic, Parietal Pleura

11.

The serous membrane that surrounds the lungs is known as the ___.

a)

Pleurae

b)

Pericardium

c)

Peritoneum

12.

The manus region is ___ to the brachial region.

a)

Distal

b)

Proximal

c)

Superficial

d)

Transverse

13.

The thoracic cavity is ___ to the abdominal cavity. Both are part of the larger ___ cavity.

a)

Superior, Dorsal

b)

Superior, Ventral

c)

Inferior, Dorsal

d)

Inferior, Ventral

14.

If a homeostatic response brings the body's level back to baseline, that is known as ___ feedback.

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

15.

True or False: The concepts of positive and negative feedback have to do with being "good" or "bad."

a)

True

b)

False

16.

What is the correct order of a homeostatic response, from beginning to end?

a)

Stimulus, Receptor, Efferent Pathway, Control Center, Afferent Pathway, Effector

b)

Receptor, Stimulus, Control Center, Efferent Pathway, Effector, Afferent Pathway

c)

Stimulus, Receptor, Afferent Pathway, Control Center, Efferent Pathway, Effector

d)

Stimulus, Receptor, Control Center, Efferent Pathaway, Effector, Afferent Pathway

17.

Labor Contractions, Breastfeeding, and Blood Clotting are all examples of:

a)

Positive Feedback

b)

Negative Feedback

18.

In an extremely cold environment, sensory receptors in the skin detect the low temperature and communicate it to the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus confirms that the temperature is not normal, and instructs the skeletal muscle to contract and cause shivering. This raises the body's temperature. What type of feedback is this?

a)

Postive

b)

Negative

19.

In an extremely cold environment, sensory receptors in the skin detect the low temperature and communicate it to the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus confirms that the temperature is not normal, and instructs the skeletal muscle to contract and cause shivering. This raises the body's temperature. The hypothalamus is acting as the ___, and the skeletal muscle is acting as the___.

a)

Afferent Pathway, Efferent Pathway

b)

Effector, Control Center

c)

Stimulus, Response

d)

Control Center, Effector

20.

Our body has many mechanisms in place to alter your blood pressure. When blood pressure is high, baroreceptors in the heart detect the stretch on vessel walls. They send signals to the cardiovascular center of the medulla oblongata. Inside the medulla, the cardioacceleratory and vasomotor centers are inhibited, and the cardioinhibitory center is activated. Signals are sent back through sympathetic pathways towards the blood vessels that cause them to dilate, lowering blood pressure. What is the control center?

a)

Medulla Oblongata

b)

Blood Vessel

c)

Baroreceptor

d)

Heart

21.

Dehydration Synthesis ___ bonds between molecules by ___ water.

a)

Breaks, Adding

b)

Breaks, Removing

c)

Forms, Adding

d)

Forms, Removing

22.

In order to go from Glycogen to Glucose, we would have to use the process of ___.

a)

Dehydration Synthesis

b)

Hydrolysis

c)

Cellular Respiration

d)

Mitosis

23.

What ration of C, H, and O do carbohydrates have?

a)

1:2:1

b)

1:1:1

c)

2:1:2

d)

1:3:1

24.

What is the formula of Glucose?

a)

CH2O

b)

C3H6O3

c)

C6H12O6

d)

C5H10O5

25.

The monomers of carbohydrates are known as ___.

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Monosaccharides

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Polysaccharides

26.

What polysaccharide would I be most likely to find stored in humans?

a)

Starch

b)

Glycogen

c)

Glucose

d)

Fructose

27.

Which of the following is NOT a macromlecule

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Minerals

28.

All of the following are functions of water EXCEPT:

a)

Basic pH

b)

Universal Solvent

c)

Transportation

d)

High Heat of Vaporization

29.

Which of the following terms would NOT fit under Lipids?

a)

Fat

b)

Triglyceride

c)

Primary Structure

d)

Oil

30.

The most important steroid is ___.

a)

Phospholipid

b)

Triglyceride

c)

Cholesterol

d)

Enzyme

31.

Unsaturated fats are ___ at room temperature.

a)

Solid

b)

Liquid

32.

Steroids are notable due to their___.

a)

3 fatty acid tails and glycerol.

b)

Interlocking Rings

c)

Phosphate group.

33.

Amino Acids are joined together by ___ bonds to form proteins.

a)

Peptide

b)

Protein

c)

Ionic

d)

Amine

34.

True or False: the 3-D shape of a protein gives it its unique function.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

Which of the following could be a cause of denaturation?

a)

High Temperature

b)

Low pH

c)

Acidic Environment

36.

Enzymes are ___ that act as biological catalysts. This means they ___ the rate of a reaction.

a)

Proteins, Increase

b)

Lipids, Decrease

c)

Proteins, Decrease

d)

Carbohydrates, Increase

37.

In order to bond amino acids together to form a protein, I would need to go through the process of ___.

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration Synthesis

c)

Cellular Respiration

d)

Mitosis

38.

Dehydration Synthesis is an example of a ___ reaction.

a)

Anabolic

b)

Catabolic

c)

Exergonic

d)

Useless

39.

True or false: the words anabolic and endergonic are related.

a)

True

b)

False

40.

True or False: DNA contains a double-stranded helix whilst RNA is single stranded.

a)

True

b)

False

41.

True or False: In DNA, A binds with U. In RNA, A binds with T

a)

True

b)

False

42.

DNA can be found in the ___.

a)

Golgi Apparatus

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Nucleus

43.

The name of ATP is:

a)

adenine triple phosphate

b)

adenosine triphosphate

c)

adenosine diphosphate

d)

adenine phosphate

44.

ATP is formed by combining ADP and a Phosphate via the process of ___.

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration Synthesis

c)

Cellular Respiration

d)

Mitosis

45.

Which of the following steps of cellular respiration is anaerobic?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Intermediate Phase

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

Electron Transport Chain

46.

Glycolysis occurs in the ___ whereas the Krebs Cycle occurs in the ___

a)

Cytoplasm, Matrix of the Mitochondria

b)

Both are in the Matrix of the Mitochondria

c)

Both are in the Cytoplasm

d)

Matrix of the Mitochondria, Cytoplasm

47.

The final electron acceptor is:

a)

NADH

b)

FADH

c)

O2

d)

H+

48.

What molecules drop off electrons in the Electron Transport Chain

a)

NADH

b)

FADH

c)

O2

d)

H20

49.

What is NOT true about the rough ER

a)

It is studded with ribosomes

b)

It synthesizes proteins

c)

It synthesizes lipids

50.

The organelle that packages proteins for transportation and secretion is the ___.

a)

Rough ER

b)

Smooth ER

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Vesicle

51.

The cell membrane is composed of a ___.

a)

Phospholipid Monolayer

b)

Steroid Bilayer

c)

Protein Bilayer

d)

Phospholipid Bilayer

52.

The type of transport that does NOT require energy is

a)

Passive

b)

Active

c)

Secondary Active

d)

Vesicular

53.

Which of the following describe the process of moving a polar molecule like glucose down its concentration gradient, through the membrane? (2 answers)

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

c)

Carrier-Mediated Facilitated Diffusion

d)

Secondary Active Transport via Symport

54.

"Cell Drinking" is:

a)

Phagocytosis

b)

Pinocytosis

c)

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

d)

Exocystosis

55.

A gas would move down its concentration gradient via ___.

a)

Facilitated Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Simple Diffusion

d)

Channel-mediated Facilitated Diffusion

56.

True or False: The phospholipid bilayer contains polar heads that are hydrophobic, and nonpolar tails that are hydrophilic.

a)

True

b)

False

57.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane

a)

Semi-permeable

b)

Physical Barrier

c)

Electrochemical Gradient

d)

Produces ATP

e)

Communication

58.

What type of junction would allow small ions and molecules to pass through, as well as allows electrical signals to quickly travel from one cell to the next

a)

TIght Junction

b)

Desmosome

c)

Gap Junction

59.

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it would ___.

a)

Shrivel

b)

Swell

c)

No Change

60.

Primary Active Transport Requires

a)

NADH

b)

FADH

c)

ATP

d)

Glucose

61.

In what part of interphase does normal cell function occur?

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

62.

What is the correct order of mitosis from start to end?

a)

Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

b)

Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase, Anaphase, Cytokinesis

c)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

d)

Interphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

63.

During what phase are sister chromatids pulled apart towards each pole?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

64.

Transcription occurs in the ___, and involves copying information from ___ onto ___.

a)

Nucleus, mRNA, DNA

b)

Nucleus, DNA, mRNA

c)

Cytoplasm, mRNA, DNA

d)

Cytoplasm, DNA, mRNA

65.

Translation occurs in the ___ and uses ___ to help build ___.

a)

Nucleus, mRNA, proteins

b)

Nucleus, tRNA, nucleic acids

c)

Cytoplasm, tRNA, proteins

d)

Cytoplasm, mRNA, nucleic acids

66.

DNA: CATGCA

RNA:

a)

GUACGU

b)

GTACGT

c)

CUAGCU

d)

GATCGA

67.

DNA: ATGC

DNA:

a)

UACG

b)

UTCG

c)

TACG

d)

ATCG