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Biology 3201 - Unit 1: Reproduction Vocabulary MCQs

Total questions: 62

Worksheet time: 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which term refers to the biological process producing new organisms, ensuring the survival of a species?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Reproduction

c)

Fertilization

d)

Metabolism

2.

What is the single-parent reproduction method producing offspring genetically identical to the parent?

a)

Sexual reproduction

b)

Asexual reproduction

c)

Gametogenesis

d)

Independent assortment

3.

What is the basic unit of structure and function in living things?

a)

Chromosome

b)

Cell

c)

Gamete

d)

Zygote

4.

Which term refers to a body cell (non-reproductive) containing two sets of chromosomes?

a)

Somatic cell

b)

Gamete

c)

Haploid cell

d)

Zygote

5.

What is the cell with only one set of chromosomes called?

a)

Diploid cell

b)

Haploid cell

c)

Polyploid cell

d)

Somatic cell

6.

Which structure carries genetic information made of DNA and proteins?

a)

Chromatid

b)

Chromosome

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

7.

One of two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome is called?

a)

Chromatid

b)

Chromosome

c)

Gene

d)

Histone

8.

Which term refers to a duplicated chromosome consisting of sister chromatids?

a)

Replicated chromosome

b)

Diploid chromosome

c)

Gamete

d)

Somatic chromosome

9.

Which process produces two identical diploid daughter cells for growth and repair?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Binary fission

d)

Fertilization

10.

Which cell division process produces haploid gametes and introduces genetic diversity?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Binary fission

d)

Fertilization

11.

What is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes in meiosis called?

a)

Crossing over

b)

Independent assortment

c)

Fertilization

d)

Recombination

12.

What is the random distribution of chromosomes into gametes during meiosis called?

a)

Crossing over

b)

Independent assortment

c)

Replication

d)

Translation

13.

What are the male gonads producing sperm and testosterone?

a)

Ovaries

b)

Testes

c)

Vas deferens

d)

Epididymis

14.

What is the external sac housing testes for temperature regulation?

a)

Seminal vesicle

b)

Scrotum

c)

Prostate gland

d)

Urethra

15.

Which structures in the testes produce sperm?

a)

Vas deferens

b)

Epididymis

16.

What cells in the testes produce testosterone?

a)

A. Interstitial cells

b)

B. Seminiferous tubules

c)

C. Epididymis

d)

D. Vas deferens

17.

Where are sperm stored and matured?

a)

Testes

b)

Epididymis

c)

Vas deferens

d)

Prostate

18.

Which tube transports sperm toward the urethra?

a)

Vas deferens

b)

Epididymis

c)

Ureter

d)

Seminal vesicle

19.

Which gland secretes a fructose-rich fluid for sperm energy?

a)

Seminal vesicle

b)

Prostate gland

c)

Cowper’s gland

d)

Scrotum

20.

Which gland adds alkaline fluid to semen?

a)

Prostate gland

b)

Cowper’s gland

c)

Seminal vesicle

21.

Which glands secrete lubrication fluid into semen?

a)

Cowper’s glands

b)

Seminal vesicle

c)

Prostate gland

d)

Scrotum

22.

What is the mixture of sperm and glandular secretions called?

a)

Ejaculate

b)

Semen

c)

Spermatic fluid

d)

Gametes

23.

What is the expulsion of semen from the body called?

a)

Ejaculation

b)

Ovulation

c)

Fertilization

d)

Implantation

24.

What are the female gonads producing eggs and hormones?

a)

Ovaries

b)

Follicles

c)

Fimbriae

d)

Endometrium

25.

What structures in the ovaries house developing eggs?

a)

Follicles

b)

Fimbriae

c)

Endometrium

d)

Oviduct

26.

What fingerlike projections guide the egg into the oviduct?

a)

Fimbriae

b)

Cilia

c)

Follicles

d)

Villi

27.

What is the site of fertilization that carries the egg to the uterus?

a)

Vagina

b)

Oviduct

c)

Cervix

d)

Urethra

28.

Where does the embryo implant and develop?

a)

Uterus

b)

Oviduct

c)

Vagina

d)

Endometrium

29.

What is the lining of the uterus that thickens for implantation?

a)

Cervix

b)

Endometrium

c)

Myometrium

d)

Perimetrium

30.

What is the lower opening of the uterus leading to the vagina?

a)

Oviduct

b)

Cervix

c)

Fimbriae

d)

Endometrium

31.

What is the birth canal and site for sperm entry?

a)

Vagina

b)

Oviduct

c)

Cervix

d)

Urethra

32.

What is the fusion of egg and sperm nuclei called?

a)

Implantation

b)

Fertilization

c)

Cleavage

d)

Mitosis

33.

What is the diploid cell formed at fertilization called?

a)

Gamete

b)

Zygote

c)

Embryo

d)

Fetus

34.

What is the rapid mitotic division of the zygote called?

a)

Cleavage

b)

Blastulation

c)

Fertilization

d)

Meiosis

35.

What is the solid ball of cells after cleavage called?

a)

Morula

b)

Blastula

c)

Gastrula

d)

Zygote

36.

What is the hollow ball of cells in early development called?

(a)  

37.

What stage forms the three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm?

a)

Gastrula

b)

Blastula

c)

Morula

d)

Zygote

38.

What is the early developmental stage post-fertilization called?

a)

Embryo

b)

Fetus

c)

Zygote

d)

Morula

39.

What is the later stage after major organs form called?

a)

Fetus

b)

Embryo

c)

Blastula

d)

Gastrula

40.

Which hormone from the hypothalamus stimulates FSH & LH release?

a)

GnRH

b)

FSH

c)

LH

d)

Estrogen

41.

Which hormone stimulates follicle and sperm development?

a)

LH

b)

FSH

42.

Which hormone triggers ovulation and testosterone production?

a)

LH

b)

FSH

c)

Progesterone

d)

Estrogen

43.

Which hormone thickens the uterine lining and forms secondary sex traits in females?

a)

Estrogen

b)

Progesterone

c)

FSH

d)

LH

44.

Which hormone maintains the uterine lining for pregnancy?

a)

Progesterone

b)

Estrogen

c)

FSH

d)

LH

45.

Which male hormone promotes sperm production & secondary sex traits?

a)

Testosterone

b)

Estrogen

c)

Progesterone

d)

LH

46.

Which hormone inhibits FSH release via negative feedback?

a)

Inhibin

b)

Progesterone

c)

Estrogen

47.

Which cycle involves follicle maturation and ovulation?

a)

Ovarian cycle

b)

Uterine cycle

c)

Menstrual cycle

d)

Luteal phase

48.

Which cycle involves changes in the uterine lining?

a)

Uterine cycle

b)

Ovarian cycle

c)

Menstrual cycle

d)

Follicular phase

49.

Which phase has follicle growth and rising estrogen?

a)

Follicular phase

b)

Luteal phase

c)

Ovulation

d)

Menstruation

50.

What is the release of the egg from the ovary called?

a)

Ovulation

b)

Menstruation

c)

Cleavage

d)

Implantation

51.

Which phase forms the corpus luteum and raises progesterone?

a)

Luteal phase

b)

Follicular phase

c)

Menstruation

d)

Ovulation

52.

What is the shedding of the uterine lining called?

a)

Menstruation

b)

Ovulation

c)

Implantation

d)

Cleavage

53.

What is fertilization outside the body followed by embryo implantation?

a)

IVF

b)

Artificial insemination

c)

Cloning

d)

Contraception

54.

Which method introduces sperm artificially into the female tract?

a)

Artificial insemination

b)

IVF

c)

Contraception

d)

Cloning

55.

What process produces genetically identical organisms?

a)

Cloning

b)

IVF

c)

Artificial insemination

d)

Stem cells

56.

Which cells can develop into many different cell types?

a)

Stem cells

b)

Gametes

c)

Zygote

d)

Blastula

57.

What is an agent causing birth defects called?

a)

Teratogen

b)

Pathogen

c)

Carcinogen

d)

Mutagen

58.

Which methods prevent pregnancy?

a)

Contraception

b)

Implantation

c)

Ovulation

d)

Menstruation

59.

What hormonal mechanism maintains homeostasis?

a)

Negative feedback loop

b)

Positive feedback

c)

Menstrual cycle

d)

Ovarian cycle

60.

Which organisms produce their own food via photosynthesis?

a)

Autotrophs

b)

Heterotrophs

c)

Saprophytes

d)

Parasites

61.

What is the permanent loss of a species called?

a)

Extinction

b)

Contraception

c)

Fertilization

d)

Replication

62.

Which therapies target uncontrolled cell reproduction?

a)

Radiation |therapy

b)

chemotherapy

c)

immunotherapy

d)

surgery