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Preclinical Quiz

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which enzyme links glycolysis with the TCA cycle?

4 lines
2.

Which lipoprotein carries cholesterol from tissues to the liver?

4 lines
3.

Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in transamination?

4 lines
4.

Name the major antioxidant present in RBCs.

4 lines
5.

Which bond is responsible for the secondary structure of proteins?

4 lines
6.

The committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis is catalyzed by:

a)

HMG-CoA lyase

b)

HMG-CoA reductase

c)

Squalene synthase

d)

Mevalonate kinase

7.

In the urea cycle, which amino acid serves as both a substrate and a product?

a)

Ornithine

b)

Citrulline

c)

Aspartate

d)

Argininosuccinate

8.

Which enzyme deficiency causes maple syrup urine disease?

a)

Branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex

b)

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

c)

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

d)

α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

9.

All are true about oxidative phosphorylation EXCEPT:

a)

Oligomycin inhibits ATP synthase

b)

Uncouplers increase oxygen consumption

c)

Cyanide inhibits cytochrome oxidase (Complex IV)

d)

Rotenone inhibits ATP synthase

10.

Which enzyme deficiency is classically associated with hemolytic anemia due to impaired defense against oxidative stress?

a)

Glucose-6-phosphatase

b)

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

c)

Pyruvate kinase

d)

Hexokinase

11.

Which amino acid is a precursor for both serotonin and melatonin?

a)

Tyrosine

b)

Histidine

c)

Tryptophan

d)

Phenylalanine

12.

In purine synthesis, the first committed step is catalyzed by:

a)

PRPP synthetase

b)

Amidophosphoribosyl transferase

c)

IMP dehydrogenase

d)

Adenylosuccinate synthetase

13.

Which of the following is true about glycogen storage diseases?

a)

Von Gierke’s disease is due to glycogen phosphorylase deficiency

b)

McArdle’s disease leads to hypoglycemia

c)

Cori’s disease is due to debranching enzyme deficiency

d)

Hers’ disease affects muscle glycogen breakdown

14.

Rate-limiting enzyme in heme synthesis:

a)

δ-ALA synthase

b)

Ferrochelatase

c)

δ-ALA dehydratase

d)

Porphobilinogen deaminase

15.

Which amino acid is exclusively ketogenic?

a)

Leucine

b)

Lysine

c)

Isoleucine

d)

Both A & B

16.

Which structure passes anterior to the root of the right lung?

a)

Azygos vein

b)

Pulmonary artery

c)

Phrenic nerve

d)

Vagus nerve

17.

The sternal angle (Angle of Louis) corresponds to which anatomical landmark?

a)

T3 vertebra

b)

Bifurcation of the trachea

c)

Apex of the heart

d)

Origin of the thoracic duct

18.

The thoracic duct drains into which venous structure?

a)

Right subclavian vein

b)

Left internal jugular vein

c)

Left brachiocephalic vein

d)

Junction of left subclavian and internal jugular veins

19.

Which muscle is pierced by the long thoracic nerve?

a)

Serratus anterior

b)

External intercostals

c)

Pectoralis minor

d)

Subclavius

20.

Which ligament contains the tail of the pancreas?

a)

Hepatogastric ligament

b)

Gastrosplenic ligament

c)

Lienorenal ligament

d)

Ligamentum teres

21.

Which structure is found within the inguinal canal in females?

a)

Round ligament of the uterus

b)

Inferior epigastric artery

c)

Ureter

d)

Ovarian artery

22.

Which part of the duodenum is intraperitoneal?

a)

First part

b)

Second part

c)

Third part

d)

Fourth part

23.

Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin over the pubic region?

a)

Iliohypogastric

b)

Genitofemoral

c)

Ilioinguinal

d)

Obturator

24.

Which muscle is innervated by the axillary nerve?

a)

Teres major

b)

Teres minor

c)

Subscapularis

d)

Supraspinatus

25.

Which structure passes through the quadrangular space?

a)

Radial nerve

b)

Axillary nerve

c)

Ulnar nerve

d)

Musculocutaneous nerve

26.

Which muscle is responsible for flexion of the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers?

a)

Flexor digitorum superficialis

b)

Flexor digitorum profundus

c)

Lumbricals

d)

Palmar interossei

27.

Which nerve is most commonly injured in a supracondylar fracture of the humerus?

a)

Radial nerve

b)

Ulnar nerve

c)

Median nerve

d)

Musculocutaneous nerve

28.

Which artery is a branch of the subclavian and supplies the scapular region?

a)

Thoracoacromial artery

b)

Circumflex scapular artery

c)

Dorsal scapular artery

d)

Suprascapular artery

29.

Which muscle is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve?

a)

Gluteus medius

b)

Gluteus minimus

c)

Gluteus maximus

d)

Tensor fasciae latae

30.

Which structure passes through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscle?

a)

Superior gluteal nerve

b)

Sciatic nerve

c)

Obturator internus

d)

Pudendal nerve

31.

Which nerve is most vulnerable in fibular neck fractures?

a)

Tibial nerve

b)

Saphenous nerve

c)

Common peroneal nerve

d)

Femoral nerve

32.

What is the epithelium in kidney tubules ........

4 lines
33.

What is the epithelium of the epdidymis ......

4 lines
34.

What is the fate of the vitelline duct

(a)  

35.

What structure forms the urachus

(a)  

36.

Formular for Alveolar ventilation?

4 lines
37.

The physiological dead space increases significantly in:

a)

Pulmonary embolism

b)

Fibrosis

c)

Asthma

d)

Pneumonia

38.

During forced expiration, intrapulmonary pressure becomes greater than atmospheric pressure.True/false

a)

True

b)

False

39.

Which receptor responds fastest to changes in arterial pO₂?

a)

Central chemoreceptor

b)

Peripheral chemoreceptor

c)

Stretch receptor

d)

J receptor

40.

Which lung volume cannot be measured by spirometry?

a)

Tidal volume

b)

Inspiratory reserve volume

c)

Residual volume

d)

Expiratory reserve volume

41.

Functional residual capacity is equal to?

a)

Tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume.

b)

Inspiratory reserve volume + Tidal Volume

c)

Residual volume + expiratory reserve volume.

d)

Expiratory reserve volume + Residual Volume

42.

Which neurotransmitter is inhibitory in the spinal cord?

a)

Glutamate

b)

Glycine

c)

Dopamine

d)

Serotonin

43.

Name the tract responsible for fine touch and vibration sense.

4 lines
44.

In Parkinson’s disease, there is degeneration of (a)   neurons in the substantia nigra.

45.

What type of receptor is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor?

4 lines
46.

The first heart sound corresponds to closure of semilunar valves.T/F

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Which factor directly decreases preload?

a)

Increased venous return

b)

Hemorrhage

c)

Increased blood volume

d)

Leg elevation

48.

Define ejection fraction and give its normal value.

4 lines
49.

A newborn with cyanosis due to patent ductus arteriosus will have abnormal shunting of blood from:

a)

Left atrium → right atrium

b)

Right ventricle → left ventricle

c)

Aorta → pulmonary artery

d)

Pulmonary vein → left atrium

50.

Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT a catecholamine?

a)

Dopamine

b)

Noradrenaline

c)

Serotonin

d)

Adrenaline

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