Sophia notices that the plants in her garden are growing at different rates. She wants to find out why this is happening. Which step of the scientific method involves formulating a tentative explanation to answer her scientific problem?

Aria is working on a science project. She spends time organizing her data and researching the findings of other scientists’ data. Which step of the scientific method is Aria performing?

Avery is studying gardening. She says, “If soil is rich in nitrogen, then grass will grow in it.” Which of the following terms describes her statement?

Benjamin is designing a new type of backpack. What are the minimum characteristics that his design must have to function?

When Mason is riding his bicycle and suddenly stops pedaling, what property causes the bicycle to keep moving forward until it slows down and stops?

Jackson is measuring the mass of a chemical sample and records it as 1000.10 grams. How many significant digits are in his measurement?

Priya is measuring the thickness of a wire and finds that it is one-thousandth of a meter. What prefix should she use to indicate this measurement?

Charlotte observes that the grass is wet in the morning and notices it rained last night. What is a conclusion based on reasoning from this evidence?

If a boat is made of iron, it will not float in water. Samuel has a boat that is made of iron. Therefore, Samuel's boat will not float in water. What do these statements demonstrate?

Michael is baking a cake and needs to measure the mass of flour he will use. Which of the following is an SI unit for mass?

Ava notices that every time she waters her plants regularly, they grow faster. After observing this with several different plants, she concludes that regular watering helps plants grow faster. What is reasoning from specific evidence to a general conclusion called?

Nora conducts an experiment and publishes her results. Later, Jackson performs the same experiment under different conditions and reaches the same conclusion. This ability for other scientists to reach the same conclusion by performing the same experiment under different conditions is called ___?

Charlotte wants to lift a box onto a shelf. The ability to do this work is called ___?

Mia is preparing a science experiment and wants to use the system of measurement that is accepted as the standard for scientific and technical purposes. Which system should she use?

Benjamin is measuring the length of a table. The closeness of his measurement to the table's actual length is ___?

Benjamin is setting up a science experiment and needs to compare the results of different measurements. He uses a specific measure to which all other measures are compared to ensure uniformity. This is called a(n) ___?

Nora is measuring the thickness of a very thin sheet of gold. She finds that its thickness is 4.8 x 10^-7 meters. Express this thickness in standard form.

Zoe is reading about the population of a large city, which is 2,200,000 people. How should Zoe express this number in scientific notation?

Mia is learning about different systems of measurement in her science class. She notices that in one system, you can add a prefix to each basic unit to make it larger or smaller. What system of measurement is Mia studying?

Ava is measuring the width of a notebook and finds it to be 21 units. She wants to write this measurement using a metric prefix that represents a unit to the power of 10^-2. Which prefix should she use?

Mason is comparing the density of a new type of wood to the density of water. What is the ratio of the density of the wood to the density of water called?

Priya wants to predict the difference in the flight distance between a paper airplane she throws by hand and one she launches with a rubber band. This is an example of what method of reasoning?

Mia finds a large, irregularly shaped rock and wants to determine its volume. What is the best way for her to do this?

Charlotte is measuring the lengths of three pieces of ribbon: 9.21 m, 12.2 m, and 13.022 m. She adds them together and gets a total of 34.432 m. What is the answer using correct significant digits?

During a debate, Liam says, "A feather is light. What is light cannot be dark. Therefore, a feather cannot be dark." What fallacy occurs when a single term is ambiguously used with two different meanings in a single argument?

Grace noticed that every time she wore her lucky socks, her team won the game. She now believes that wearing the socks causes her team to win. What logical fallacy is Grace making?

A young child said that if a person crosses his eyes too much, then they will stay crossed. He claimed that his friends should believe him because his father is a doctor. What logical fallacy did he commit?

Emma is working on a science project and notices that she needs to use mathematics to describe her results and make predictions. Which of the following statements best explains how mathematics and science relate to each other?

For a STEM Project, Emma built several model cars with the exact shape, proportions, and appearance as the cars they represented. What type of model did she build?

Maya is measuring the mass of a tiny particle and finds it to be 0.000 009 0 grams. How should Maya represent this mass in scientific notation?

Grace is measuring the storage capacity of her new hard drive, which is labeled as 1 kilobyte. What power of ten does the prefix kilo- represent in this context?

Grace is holding a rock and wonders what the substance of the physical world is called. What is it?

A structural engineer is designing a walkway for a pair of adjacent skyscrapers. The buildings' owners want a walkway connecting the skyscrapers' 45th floors. They have given the engineer specifications for the size of the walkway, the maximum cost of materials and construction, and factors like safety. According to the engineering design process, what is the next step for the engineer?

An engineer is designing a flying car. He has decided that the car must be able to fly for at least an hour on one tank of gas and that it must have seat belts for safety. Which of these two characteristics (flight time or seat belts) is a criterion? How do you know?

To test the hypothesis that nitrogen helps plants grow better, Elijah planted rye-grass seeds in three different mixtures of soil and nitrogen-containing liquid fertilizer. Each mixture had the same amount of soil. The first had 5 mL of fertilizer, the second had 10 mL of fertilizer, and the third had 15 mL of fertilizer. Each sample was kept in the same location and received an equal amount of water and sunlight. Which of the following would be best used as a control group? Why?

Aria is making a volcano for a science project. She adds baking soda to a container of vinegar, and a gas is produced. Does this represent a physical change or a chemical change? Why?

Mackenzie threw three darts at a target. The darts landed close to each other. She measured how close the darts landed to the center of the target. The measured distances were 20.3 cm, 18.7 cm, and 19.5 cm. Are her throws accurate or precise? Explain your answer.

Alex measured the length of a local swimming pool as 52.3 m and the width as 24.6 m. Using the formula A = lw, he calculated the area of the pool as 1286.58 m². Did Alex use significant digits correctly? If not, what should he have done?

Sophia is planning a trip and sees that the temperature at her destination is 50°F. She wants to pack appropriately, so she decides to convert 50°F to degrees Celsius. Round your answer to the nearest degree.

Abigail is building a storage box in the shape of a rectangular prism. The box is 15.3 cm long, 7.65 cm wide, and 5.8 cm high. Calculate the volume (V = lwh) of the box. Round your answer to the nearest tenths place (0.1).

Anika finds a block of metal and wants to determine its density. She measures the volume of the block to be 3.40 cm³ and its mass to be 31.5 g. What is the density of the block? Round your answer to the nearest hundredths place (0.01).