WorksheetsImmunity, Inflammation and Wound Healing
Total questions: 39
Worksheet time: 20mins
Where do B-cells and T-cells develop?
In the liver
In the bone marrow or thymus gland
In the spleen
In the lymph nodes
What do lymphocytes have that allows them to target specific pathogens?
Antibodies
Receptors
Enzymes
Hormones
Which of the following is an example of artificial passive immunity?
Exposure to antigen
Immunization with live pathogen
Receiving antibodies through breastmilk
Intravenous IgG administration
How is natural passive immunity typically acquired?
Through exposure to antigens
Through immunization
Through placenta or breastmilk
Through intravenous IgG
What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?
Innate immunity is immediate, while adaptive immunity is delayed.
Innate immunity is specific, while adaptive immunity is non-specific.
Innate immunity involves memory cells, while adaptive immunity does not.
Innate immunity is acquired, while adaptive immunity is present from birth.
What is the difference between acute inflammation and chronic inflammation?
Acute inflammation is long-lasting, while chronic inflammation is short-term.
Acute inflammation involves a rapid response, while chronic inflammation is prolonged.
Acute inflammation is always harmful, while chronic inflammation is always beneficial.
Acute inflammation involves adaptive immunity, while chronic inflammation involves innate immunity.
Which type of wound healing requires more tissue replacement interventions?
Primary Intention
Secondary Intention
Tertiary Intention
Quaternary Intention
Which process occurs during the proliferation phase of wound healing?
Coagulation
Granulation
Scar tissue formation
Angiogenesis
What is angiogenesis associated with in the wound healing process?
Remodeling/Maturation
Inflammation
Proliferation
Scar remodeling
Excessive bleeding during wound healing can lead to:
Faster recovery
Dysfunctional wound healing
Improved nutrient supply
Reduced infection risk
What is dehiscence in the context of wound healing?
Raised scar within original boundaries
Wound disruption in sutured wounds occurring 5-12 days after suturing
Extends beyond original boundaries
Excessive wound contraction
Which enzyme does Celecoxib block without inhibiting COX-1?
COX-3
COX-2
COX-4
COX-5
What is a potential serious adverse effect of glucocorticoids?
Increased immune function
Adrenal insufficiency
Enhanced digestion
Improved vision
What are the similarities and differences between NSAIDs ibuprofen and celecoxib?
Both are NSAIDs; ibuprofen is selective, celecoxib is non-selective.
Both are NSAIDs; ibuprofen is non-selective, celecoxib is selective.
Both are not NSAIDs; ibuprofen is selective, celecoxib is non-selective.
Both are not NSAIDs; ibuprofen is non-selective, celecoxib is selective.
Which of the following is part of the first line of defense in non-specific defenses?
Lymphocytes
Antimicrobial proteins
Skin
Memory cells
What is a component of the second line of defense in innate immunity?
Antibodies
Phagocytic leukocytes
Mucous membranes
Memory cells
Which of the following is associated with the third line of defense in adaptive immunity?
Fever
Antibodies
Skin
Antimicrobial proteins
What is the role of mucus and cilia in the respiratory tract?
To aid in digestion
To trap and expel pathogens
To produce antibodies
To secrete hormones
What role do bacteria in the GI tract play in the human body?
They produce toxins that harm the body
They produce enzymes that help with digestion and usage of molecules
They cause infections and diseases
They absorb all nutrients from food
Which of the following is a benefit of fever related to tissue repair?
Slows down tissue repair
Speeds up tissue repair
Prevents tissue repair
Has no effect on tissue repair
What is involved in the vascular response during inflammation?
Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
Decreased blood flow and clotting
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Muscle contraction and relaxation
Which cells are involved in the cellular response of inflammation?
Mast cells, granulocytes, endothelial cells, platelets, phagocytes, natural killer cells
Red blood cells, neurons, muscle cells, skin cells
Liver cells, kidney cells, lung cells, heart cells
Bone cells, cartilage cells, fat cells, nerve cells
Which of the following occurs due to the leakage of plasma proteins during inflammation?
Erythema
Edema
Increased blood pressure
Decreased leukocyte migration
What is one of the functions of the clotting system?
Activates mast cells
Localizes microorganisms and foreign bodies
Increases vascular permeability
Induces pain
In the clotting system, what is the role of thrombin?
Converts fibrinogen to fibrin
Activates C3
Releases histamine
Stimulates nerve endings
What is the primary effect of bradykinin in the kinin system?
Decreases permeability
Increases permeability
Acts as an opsonin
Forms a blood clot
Which of the following is a type of leukocyte?
Erythrocyte
Platelet
Neutrophil
Hemoglobin
Which of the following is a type of agranulocyte?
Basophil
Eosinophil
T-cell
Neutrophil
What is the role of chemokines in the body?
Synthesizing proteins
Inducing chemotaxis to promote phagocytosis and wound healing
Breaking down carbohydrates
Transporting oxygen
What happens during the synthesis process in mast cells?
Cells undergo mitosis
New production and release of mediators in response to a stimulus
Cells absorb water
Cells break down glucose
What effect do leukotrienes have on smooth muscle?
They cause relaxation of smooth muscle.
They cause contraction of smooth muscle.
They have no effect on smooth muscle.
They cause smooth muscle to atrophy.
What is one function of the epithelial cell–derived chemical barriers?
Sloughing off of cells
Secreting saliva
Coughing and sneezing
Flushing—urine
Which of the following is NOT a method of physical barrier protection?
Coughing and sneezing
Vomiting
Collectins
Mucus and cilia
What are beneficial microorganisms in the normal microbiome?
Viruses and algae
Bacteria and fungi
Protozoa and helminths
Yeasts and molds
How do bacteria in the GI tract prevent pathogen colonization?
By producing vitamins
By producing antibacterial factors
By absorbing all nutrients
By blocking oxygen supply
What is one of the goals of fever in the human body?
Inhibits pathogens growth
Decreases immune cell function
Slows down tissue repair
Reduces other immune responses
What is a key component of the vascular response in inflammation?
Vasodilation
Muscle contraction
Nerve regeneration
Bone growth
Which of the following occurs as a result of plasma protein leakage during inflammation?
Erythema
Edema
Decreased blood flow
Vasoconstriction
What role do leukocytes play during the inflammation process?
They cause vasoconstriction
They reduce blood flow
They are recruited and migrate to the site of inflammation
They decrease plasma protein leakage
