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Biology 1406-02P CH 3

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is NOT a class of biological macromolecules?

a)

A) Carbohydrates

b)

B) Lipids

c)

C) Proteins

d)

D) Vitamins

2.

Modern biochemistry studies biological molecules ________ of cells.

a)

outside

b)

inside

c)

on the surface

d)

in the nucleus

3.

Which of the following is made of glycerol and three fatty acids?

a)

Triglycerides

b)

Phospholipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

4.

Lipids are a class of biological macromolecules.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

Fill in the blank: The monomers of nucleic acids are ________.

a)

nucleotides

b)

amino acids

c)

monosaccharides

d)

fatty acids

6.

The framework of biological molecules consists primarily of carbon bonded to which of the following?

a)

Only Carbon

b)

O, N, S, P or H

c)

Both A and B

d)

Only Hydrogen

7.

How many covalent bonds can carbon form?

a)

Up to four covalent bonds

b)

Only one covalent bond

c)

Up to two covalent bonds

d)

Up to six covalent bonds

8.

Hydrocarbons are molecules consisting only of ______ and ______.

a)

carbon and hydrogen

b)

carbon and oxygen

c)

hydrogen and nitrogen

d)

carbon and nitrogen

9.

Are hydrocarbons generally polar or nonpolar?

a)

Polar

b)

Nonpolar

10.

Which of the following is NOT a type of biomolecule shown in the diagram?

a)

Lipids

b)

Nucleic Acid

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Vitamins

e)

Proteins

11.

Which type of bond is represented by three lines between two carbon atoms in the diagram?

a)

Single bond

b)

Double bond

c)

Triple bond

12.

Fill in the blank: The subunit of starch and glycogen is ________.

a)

Glucose

b)

Fructose

c)

Sucrose

d)

Cellulose

13.

Fill in the blank: The function of cellulose is ________.

a)

Structural support in plant cell walls

b)

Energy storage in animals

c)

Transport of oxygen in blood

d)

Catalyzing metabolic reactions

14.

Fill in the blank: Chitin provides ________ support.

a)

Structural

b)

Chemical

c)

Thermal

d)

Electrical

15.

Fill in the blank: DNA is made up of ________.

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Amino acids

c)

Fatty acids

d)

Monosaccharides

16.

Fill in the blank: The function of RNA is ________.

a)

Needed for gene expression

b)

Providing structural support to bones

c)

Storing genetic information in the nucleus

d)

Regulating blood sugar levels

17.

Fill in the blank: Functional proteins are made of ________.

a)

Amino acids

b)

Fatty acids

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Monosaccharides

18.

Fill in the blank: Structural proteins provide ________.

a)

Support

b)

Energy

c)

Hormones

d)

Enzymes

19.

Fill in the blank: Triglycerides are composed of glycerol and ________.

a)

three fatty acids

b)

two amino acids

c)

four nucleotides

d)

one monosaccharide

20.

Fill in the blank: Phospholipids are important for ________.

a)

Cell membranes

b)

Hormone production

c)

DNA replication

d)

Muscle contraction

21.

Fill in the blank: Prostaglandins act as ________ messengers.

a)

Chemical

b)

Electrical

c)

Thermal

d)

Optical

22.

Fill in the blank: Steroids have ________ fused carbon rings.

a)

Four

b)

Three

c)

Five

d)

Six

23.

Fill in the blank: Terpenes are made of ________ carbon chains.

a)

Long

b)

Short

c)

Branched

d)

Aromatic

24.

What are functional groups in biomolecules?

a)

Specific groups of atoms within molecules

b)

Types of proteins

c)

DNA sequences

d)

Water molecules

25.

Functional groups determine whether a molecule is _____, basic, polar, or nonpolar, which is important for how it works in your body.

a)

acidic

b)

neutral

c)

radioactive

d)

metallic

26.

Functional groups provide unique properties and determine how molecules behave in chemical reactions.

a)

True

b)

False

27.

Functional groups can help molecules dissolve in water.

a)

True

b)

False

28.

What are the typical ingredients in an Iced Shaken Espresso?

a)

Espresso, milk or a milk alternative, sweeteners or flavor syrups

b)

Tea, honey, lemon

c)

Water, sugar, lemon

d)

Coffee, ice, chocolate

29.

Fill in the blank: An Iced Shaken Espresso contains ________ as a source of caffeine.

a)

espresso

b)

green tea

c)

cola

d)

matcha

30.

Which of the following carbohydrates can be found in an Iced Shaken Espresso if dairy milk is used?

a)

Lactose

b)

Sucrose

c)

Maltose

d)

Cellulose

31.

How many calories are in an Iced Shaken Espresso according to the nutrition facts table?

a)

100

b)

50

c)

200

d)

150

32.

The total fat content in an Iced Shaken Espresso is 2 grams.

a)

True

b)

False

33.

Which of the following is NOT a lipid found in an Iced Shaken Espresso?

a)

Saturated fats

b)

Unsaturated fats

c)

Cellulose

d)

Coffee oils (cafestol, kahweol)

34.

What is the function of carbohydrates found in a granola bar?

a)

Energy source (simple and complex carbs).

b)

Structural support for bones.

c)

Production of genetic material.

d)

Regulation of body temperature.

35.

How much protein is present in a granola bar per serving?

a)

5g

b)

2g

c)

8g

d)

12g

36.

What is the function of fats found in a granola bar?

a)

Long-term energy, insulation.

b)

Immediate energy, muscle growth.

c)

DNA replication, oxygen transport.

d)

Bone strengthening, vision improvement.

37.

How many grams of carbohydrates (all sugars) are present in a serving of soda?

a)

39g

b)

15g

c)

25g

d)

60g

38.

What is the function of sodium found in soda?

a)

Regulates fluid balance.

b)

Provides energy for muscles.

c)

Aids in digestion of proteins.

d)

Acts as a vitamin supplement.

39.

What are the four major types of biomolecules?

a)

DNA, RNA, ATP, and Water

b)

Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, and Nucleic Acids

c)

Vitamins, Minerals, Hormones, and Enzymes

d)

Monomers, Polymers, Atoms, and Molecules

40.

What are the four major types of biomolecules?

a)

DNA, RNA, ATP, and Water

b)

Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, and Nucleic Acids

c)

Vitamins, Minerals, Hormones, and Enzymes

d)

Monomers, Polymers, Atoms, and Molecules

41.

What are the two main categories of organic molecules shown in the diagram?

a)

Polymers and Nonpolymers

b)

Acids and Bases

c)

Metals and Nonmetals

d)

Ions and Isotopes

42.

Which of the following is a polymer?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Triglycerides

d)

Phospholipids

43.

The monomers of proteins are ________.

a)

Amino acids

b)

Fatty acids

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Monosaccharides

44.

Which type of macromolecule is made of nucleotides?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Nucleic acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Lipids

45.

Simple sugars are the monomers of which macromolecule?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Lipids

46.

Triglycerides are made of ________ and ________.

a)

Glycerol and 3 fatty acids

b)

Glucose and 2 fatty acids

c)

Amino acids and phosphate

d)

Glycerol and 2 amino acids

47.

Phospholipids are made of glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and a ________.

a)

polar head

b)

sugar group

c)

hydrophobic tail

d)

protein chain

48.

Lipids are classified as nonpolymers in the diagram.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

What functional group do all organic molecules contain according to the diagram?

a)

Functional groups

b)

Amino group

c)

Carboxyl group

d)

Hydroxyl group

50.

Which functional group has the structural formula —OH and is found in carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids?

a)

Hydroxyl

b)

Carboxyl

c)

Amino

d)

Phosphate

51.

Which functional group is characterized by the structural formula —C=O and is found in carbohydrates and nucleic acids?

a)

Carbonyl

b)

Hydroxyl

c)

Amino

d)

Phosphate

52.

Which functional group is acidic, has the structural formula —COOH, and is found in proteins and lipids?

a)

Carboxyl

b)

Amino

c)

Hydroxyl

d)

Phosphate

53.

Which functional group is basic, has the structural formula —NH2, and is found in proteins and nucleic acids?

a)

Amino

b)

Carboxyl

c)

Hydroxyl

d)

Phosphate

54.

Which functional group acts as a protein stabilizer (disulfide bonds), has the structural formula —SH, and is found in proteins?

a)

Sulfhydryl

b)

Carboxyl

c)

Amino

d)

Phosphate

55.

Which functional group acts as a buffer, has the structural formula —PO4, and is found in nucleic acids?

a)

Phosphate

b)

Carboxyl

c)

Amino

d)

Hydroxyl

56.

Which functional group is hydrophobic, important in fats and membrane structure, has the structural formula —CH3, and is found in proteins and nucleic acids?

a)

Methyl

b)

Hydroxyl

c)

Carboxyl

d)

Amino

57.

Which functional group makes a molecule acidic?

a)

Carboxyl (-COOH)

b)

Methyl (-CH₃)

c)

Amino (-NH₂)

d)

Hydroxyl (-OH)

58.

Which functional group makes a molecule acidic?

a)

Carboxyl (-COOH)

b)

Methyl (-CH3)

c)

Amino (-NH2)

d)

Hydroxyl (-OH)

59.

What are isomers?

a)

Molecules with different molecular formulas

b)

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures, arrangements, or spatial orientations

c)

Molecules with the same structure but different atoms

d)

Molecules with different numbers of atoms

60.

Isomers have the same molecular formula but different chemical and physical properties.

a)

True

b)

False

61.

Fill in the blank: Structural isomers differ in the _______ of the carbon skeleton.

a)

structure

b)

length

c)

mass

d)

color

62.

What is the main difference between stereoisomers and other types of isomers?

a)

Stereoisomers have different molecular formulas

b)

Stereoisomers differ in how groups are attached or arranged in space

c)

Stereoisomers have different elements

d)

Stereoisomers are always mirror images

63.

Enantiomers are a subcategory of stereoisomers. What is unique about enantiomers?

a)

They are not mirror images

b)

They are mirror image molecules

c)

They have different molecular formulas

d)

They have the same arrangement

64.

Fill in the blank: Enantiomers are referred to as ______ because they have four unique groups attached.

a)

Chiral

b)

Achiral

c)

Isotopic

d)

Planar

65.

Diastereomers are mirror images of each other.

a)

True

b)

False

66.

What are the two main categories of macromolecules shown in the diagram?

a)

Polymers and Nonpolymers

b)

Lipids and Nucleic acids

c)

Carbohydrates and Proteins

d)

Monomers and Dimers

67.

Which of the following is NOT a type of polymer?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Nucleic acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Lipids

68.

What are the monomers of proteins?

a)

Amino acids

b)

Fatty acids

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Monosaccharides

69.

Carbohydrates can be classified into which two types?

a)

Simple sugars and Complex

b)

Proteins and Fats

c)

Vitamins and Minerals

d)

Lipids and Nucleic acids

70.

What are the monomers of nucleic acids?

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Amino acids

c)

Fatty acids

d)

Monosaccharides

71.

Triglycerides are made of which components?

a)

Glycerol and 3 fatty acids

b)

Glycerol and 2 fatty acids

c)

Glycerol and 3 amino acids

d)

Glycerol and 3 monosaccharides

72.

Phospholipids are made of which components?

a)

Glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and a polar head

b)

Glycerol, 3 fatty acids, and a nonpolar tail

c)

2 glycerol molecules and 2 fatty acids

d)

Glycerol, 1 fatty acid, and a sugar group

73.

Organic molecules are carbon based.

a)

True

b)

False

74.

Which functional group is common to all organic molecules?

a)

Functional groups

b)

Amino group

c)

Carboxyl group

d)

Hydroxyl group

75.

What is the subunit of starch and glycogen?

a)

Glucose

b)

Fructose

c)

Sucrose

d)

Galactose

76.

Which macromolecule has the function of energy storage and is found in potatoes?

a)

Starch, glycogen

b)

Cellulose

c)

Protein

d)

DNA

77.

What is the function of cellulose?

a)

Structural support in plant cell walls

b)

Energy storage in animals

c)

Transport of oxygen in blood

d)

Catalyzing metabolic reactions

78.

Which example is associated with chitin?

a)

Crab shells

b)

Potato tubers

c)

Wool fibers

d)

Cotton bolls

79.

DNA is made up of which subunit?

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Amino acids

c)

Fatty acids

d)

Monosaccharides

80.

What is the function of RNA?

a)

Needed for gene expression

b)

Provides structural support to bones

c)

Stores genetic information in the nucleus

d)

Regulates blood sugar levels

81.

Which protein type is responsible for catalysis and transport?

a)

Functional

b)

Structural

c)

Storage

d)

Regulatory

82.

What is an example of a structural protein?

a)

Hair; silk

b)

Insulin

c)

Hemoglobin

d)

Amylase

83.

Which lipid is composed of glycerol and three fatty acids and is used for energy storage?

a)

Triglycerides (animal fat, oils)

b)

Phospholipids

c)

Steroids

d)

Waxes

84.

Phospholipids are important for which cell structure?

a)

Cell membranes

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Nucleus

85.

What is the function of prostaglandins?

a)

Chemical messengers

b)

Structural proteins

c)

Energy storage molecules

d)

Genetic material

86.

Which macromolecule has four fused carbon rings and functions in membranes and hormones?

a)

Steroids

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Polysaccharides

87.

What is a polymer?

a)

A small, similar chemical subunit

b)

Built by linking monomers (like railroad cars coupled to form a train)

c)

A type of enzyme

d)

A single molecule

88.

What is a monomer?

a)

Built by linking monomers

b)

Small, similar chemical subunit

c)

A type of protein

d)

A chain of polymers

89.

Chains are built via ________ reactions, broken via ________ reactions.

a)

dehydration reactions, hydrolysis reactions.

b)

hydrolysis reactions, dehydration reactions.

c)

oxidation reactions, reduction reactions.

d)

condensation reactions, combustion reactions.

90.

What process is illustrated when monomers are linked together to form a polymer?

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Respiration

91.

What process is responsible for building polymers?

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration synthesis

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Respiration

92.

What process is responsible for breaking down polymers?

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration synthesis

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Respiration

93.

Fill in the blank: Polymers are built by ________ synthesis.

a)

Dehydration

b)

Hydrolysis

c)

Oxidation

d)

Reduction

94.

Fill in the blank: Polymers are broken down by ________.

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Condensation

c)

Polymerization

d)

Oxidation

95.

Refer to the diagram showing the assembly and disassembly of polymers. Which reaction results in the formation of water as a byproduct?

a)

Dehydration reaction

b)

Hydrolysis reaction

96.

What process is responsible for building polymers by joining monomers together through the removal of water?

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration synthesis

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Respiration

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