A 20 years old man worked a clerk for 5 years, since last month he has loss of sensation in his palmar and the 3 first digit. Some of the flexor muscles has no strength to move. The doctor diagnosed with Carpal Tunnel Syndrom. What nerve is most likey compressed?

What distinguishes cartilage from most other connective tissue?

A 34-year-old man presented with sudden excruciating pain in right arm and an inability to move after attempting to lift a weight equal to his body weight above his head in the gym. On physical examination, the patient was unable to move right shoulder, and squaring of right shoulder contour, internal rotation of the right shoulder is limited. Radiographs showed the anterior and inferior positions of the humeral head relative to the glenoid fossa. What is the most likely diagnosis for this?

A 58-year-old woman had a history of myocardial infarction and at this time has no symptom. Her lab shows Hb 11 g/dL (10-12), Ht 40% (37-45), Leu 6000 cells/uL (5000-10000), plt 300000/ul, serum uric acid: 11,3 mg/dL. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for the case above?

A 45 year-old man presented with acute pain of big toe and knee at night. Physical examination revealed inflammation of joints and a nodular lesion adjacent to the big toe. Joint fluid aspirate is performed. What fluid analysis test most likely establishes the diagnosis?

35 years old man come with complaint of backpain and stiffness. The pain is chronic, not radiating and not changed with movement. On physical examination there's only slight tenderness and gibbus. What the most probable diagnosis?

A 54 year-old nurse presents for evaluation of her arthritis. Her symptoms began several years ago with acute pain and swelling in the left ankle. This was followed 8 months later by pain and swelling in the left wrist and several joints of the fingers. Functional inquiry is otherwise completely negative. Physical examination reveals swelling and tenderness in the right 29, left 2"d 3/ metacarpophalangeal joints (MCPs), and the right 2", left 39 and 4" proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. There is no swelling in the elbows, wrists, knees or ankles. There are no cutaneous findings. Her general physical examination is normal. Which of the following tests will be most helpful in confirming diagnosis?

A female, 60 years old, complained about swelling on the right knee. No inflammation sign was found, and fluid is detected on suprapatellar space—no other joint involvement. What type of immune system is reflect the predominance cell in the case above?

A 25-year-old woman presented with a firm mass in her left lateral pelvis. She felt pain in the area of the mass when lying on her side. Her past medical history was significant only for hypertension. Family history was negative for bone diseases.Physical exam revealed a bony mass that was immovable and attached to her left iliac wing. The mass was approximately 7 cm in greatest dimension. She felt mild pain with extremes of abduction and adduction of her left hip. A radiograph showed a mushroom-shaped bony excrescence joined to the iliac wing by a broad stalk. Computed tomography confirmed this and showed that the mass did not have a fibrous capsule. The patient underwent surgical removal of the suspicious bone lesion. Microscopic examination shows the findings in the figure. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A19-year-old girl came to the clinic due to joint pain and swelling on both knee and left ankle with stiffness in the morning since 6 weeks ago. On physical examination, the involved joints were erythematous, warmth, slight tender on palpation, and limited active-passive motion. Laboratory findings showed hemoglobin 11 g/dL, leukocytes 11,500/mm3, platelets 400,000/mm?, negative ANA, positive RF, elevated C3, ESR and CRP. Which cytokine is the major target of treatment in this case?

When helping a baby delivery, a midwife noticed that there's assymetric number of thigh skinfolds, uneven knee levels and limitation of hip abduction. What diagnosis should be checked on the newborn?

An overweight female 60 years old presented with bilateral knee pain during activity, bowleg, and knee joint osteophyte on x-ray. What is the most appropriate treatment for this condition?

What is an appropriate characteristic for type 1 skeletal muscle?

A 45-year-old man has experienced pain in the area of the left hip and upper thigh for the past 7 months. On physical examination, there is tenderness on deep palpation of the left side of the groin. The range of motion at the left hip is decreased, but there is no swelling or warmth on palpation. Pelvic and left leg radiographs show an upper femoral metaphyseal mass lesion that erodes into the surrounding bone cortex. The proximal femur is excised and on sectioning has the gross appearance shown in the figure. Which of the following cell types is most likely to be proliferating in this mass?

A patient suffered a complete tear of biceps brachii muscle at its insertion site at the radial tuberosity. For proper treatment, you must identify the damaged tissue. Which of the following tissue was damaged at the tear site?

On first prenatal ultrasound exam, the fetus seems to have normal and complete limb, however when born the infant have only one hand. What error that most probably happen in growth and development?

Herniated intervertebral disc characterized by radiating pain due to compression of spinal nerve. Part of the anatomical structure that compresses the spinal nerve at herniated intervertebral disc is:

A child, 6 years old, present to emergency room with fever and pain over his left knee since yesterday. There is exquisite tenderness on left proximal tibia, and mild local swelling. No history of injury. What is the most appropriate laboratory work up should be done?

A 52 year old man has been taking aspirin for rheumatoid arthritis for 8 months. Exacerbations are becoming worse, and she asks her physician about drugs that might stop the progression of the disease. Which of the following is the most appropriate drug of choice?

A 8 year old boy came with pain on left hip and inability to walk. He was diagnosed with leg-calves and perthes disease. Which of the following happened on his left hip?

A 5-year-old girl is on skin traction after fractures her left femur 3 weeks ago. Now the physician removed the traction and found that the fracture fragment is not displaceable anymore but there is still some movement on fracture site with mild tenderness. What is the most likely phase of healing?

The major lubricant for diarthrotic joints is synthesized by

30 years old woman have a chronic back pain and weak both lower legs, after series of examination the woman is diagnosed with tuberculous spondylitis. Which of the following test can set the definitive diagnosis?

A male, 65 years old, presented with pain in the right hip, especially during prolonged walking, since 3 years ago. She had painful and limited right hip internal rotation. What is the appropriate next step to confirm the diagnosis in this case?

A 47 year-old male presents to the Emergency Department with acute onset of lower back pain radiating posteriorly down the right leg into the outer edge of the foot. On examination, plantar flexion of the ankle is weakened and ankle reflexes are absent on the right side. What is the most likely diagnosis?

An 80-year-old woman who lives independently at home presents with low back pain in the setting of a fall. She slipped on a wet floor in the kitchen. Blood tests reveal a haemoglobin of 10.5 g/dL (NR12.0 - 16.0 g/dL), a normal white blood cell count, but an elevated ESR. X-rays of the lumbosacral spine reveal a compression fracture of L4, and multiple lytic lesions of her thoracic spine are seen on chest X-ray. What is the most likely diagnosis?

An 85-year-old woman has been confined to a nursing home for the past 6 years. Bone density scans suggest that she has osteoporosis. Although the amount of calcium in her diet is adequate, she cannot absorb enough of it to maintain bone mineral density. One factor likely contributing to her condition is insufficient production of which substance in the dermis of her skin?

A 65-year-old woman reports pain on her knees and difficulty walking. She can walk in the grocery store, but the pain come when she tries to go up and down the stairs and when standing from a sitting position. She also felt stiffness on both of her knees. After seeing a doctor, she is diagnosed with 3™ stages of knee osteoarthritis. On physical examination, which muscles that most probable to became atrophy?

A 5 years old boy fall down when jumping on the bed. His mom brought him to ER few hour after the fall. The doctor diagnosed him with fracture of the forearm. Which fracture is common in children?

A 20 yrs old tennis champion complains a paralyzed to extend his antebrachii and his hand. What nerve is the most likely injured?

A 60 year old man complains about stiffness and pain in the back after activity. Radiographic examination reveals narrowing of L4-5, L5-S1 disc space. What is the most possible cause of the complaint?

Which of the following statements about pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmunity is CORRECT:

A 36-year-old woman has noted a nodule beneath the skin in her left groin since adolescence. On physical examination, the lesion has a 2-cm diameter and is nontender, soft, rubbery, and movable. Microscopic examination shows the findings in the figure. Which of the following cell types is most likely to comprise this lesion?

A radiographic film from a 60-year old woman shows a complete right femoral neck fracture just only caused by a minor fall. In Examination serum calcium level is normal. Bone density examination shows T-score = -2.5 Which of the following condition factor is the most contributing factor for this fracture?

While examining a piece of tissue taken from the epiphyseal plate, you noticed large cells arranged in rows. Which of the following layers are you examining?

What is the neuro muscular junction?

65 years old lady came to your office with complain if pain on her lower back. The pain especially felt after she plays with her 1years old grandson. Low Back Pain is always associated with:

A 65-year-old woman reports pain on her knees and difficulty walking. She can walk in the grocery store, but the pain come when she tries to go up and down the stairs and when standing from a sitting position. She also felt stiffness on both of her knees. After seeing a doctor, she is diagnosed with 3™ stages of knee osteoarthritis. What pathology in the knees that is the main cause that the knees become stiff?

A 56-year-old female complaining of pain on her left knee, usually worse following activity since few months ago. There's also stiffness that worsen after sitting for prolonged periods of time. The findings from the conventional X-ray of left knee are narrowing of the joint-space, osteophytes formation, and subchondral sclerotic. What is the basic pathomechanism in the case above?

A male 60 years old complained of a sudden swelling of the left knee. The patient sometimes felt calf muscle spasms, otherwise healthy. He suffered several times left knee swelling before. There was a palpable bony enlargement of the knee. What is the least possible condition?

While examining a piece of supporting tissue taken from a knee joint, you noticed many cells located in lacunae, some of which are grouped into clusters of two or more cells. The matrix is homogenous. Which of the following supportive tissue are you examining?

A 40-yr-old man was admitted to hospital suffering from tuberculosis. A pathologist discovered central caseous necrosis surrounded by epithelioid macrophages in an area affected by the bacterial infection. Which type of inflammation is most likely associated with this patient's infection?

While examining a piece of supportive tissue taken from the vertebral column, you noticed rows of cells, in lacunae, between collagen fibers. Which of the following supportive tissue are you examining?

A 20 year old girl had fractured her right humerus in a car accident 2 weeks ago. The fracture did not heal properly, and developed a purulent infection of the skin around the site of fracture. An X-ray revealed a focus bone loss near the lower end of the humerus. Curettage biopsy was performed. Microscopic appearance showed a sequestrum, inflammatory cells proliferation and granulation tissue. What is the most likely diagnosis base on microscopic appearance?

A male 60 years old complained of a sudden swelling of the left knee. The patient sometimes felt calf muscle spasms, otherwise healthy. He suffered several times left knee swelling before. There was a palpable bony enlargement of the knee. What is the appropriate next step to confirm the diagnosis in this case?

A 5 years old boy fall down when jumping on the bed. His mom brought him to ER few hour after the fall. The doctor diagnosed him with fracture of the forearm. This boy was put on an arm cast for 4 weeks, on the 3" weeks. What would you probably see on the plain xray of the forarm?

Which area in cartilage is relatively proteoglycan-rich and collagen-poor?

A female 60 years old presents with severe bowlegs and pain in both knees during activities. What is the force change in this condition?

Mr. Bachtiar, 75 years old, he suddenly could not walk because fell very pain in his right Leg. Which of these nerves make the basis of the lumbar plexus?

A 65-year-old man complaint about chronic right knee pain during activity. During arthroscopic examination, the physician found fibrillation and softening of tibial and femoral cartilage. What is the most probable substance that responsible for the cartilage condition?

A man 38 years old had upper arm muscle sore after he exercised weight training. He went to the doctor and doctor suggested weight training with the multigym and also aerobic training. What is the eccentric isotonic contraction?

Which of the following most accurately describes compact bone?

A 75 year-old widow complains of generalized aching in her bones, and a gradually increasing curvature of her upper spine. An X-ray shows osteopenia and vertebral changes. Serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and a blood screen, including ESR, are all normal.

What is the most likely cause of this condition?

A15-year-old adolescent boy presented with a swelling of the distal femoral that was growing slowly during the 3-month period prior to presentation. The swelling became painful after a minimal injury caused by a fall. A firm, palpable mass was present on physical examination. The remainder of the findings from the examination were unremarkable. Radiography showed a heterogeneous mass measuring 8 cm in length on the distal femoral metaphysis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a well-defined periosteal lesion with a cortical lysis but without involvement of the medullary cavity. The gross appearance shown in the figure. What is the most likely diagnosis?

While moving into a new apartment a student lifting a heavy box of books experiences a sharp pain in his back, radiating down the anterior thigh and medial side of his leg. After several days of misery, he finally goes for treatment and is told that he has a herniated intervertebral disk at the L3 level which is compressing a spinal nerve where it exits the vertebral column. Where is the point of compression?

A 50-year-old male, presented with right painful tibial bone fracture since 3 month before. X rays show segmental fracture on tibia diaphyses with minimal callus. One month latter, the pain still persists. Another x-ray was taken, with atrophic changes of bone at the facture site. What is the most likely diagnosis?

30 years old male has a chronic discharging sinus from his left leg. He had tibia fracture 1year before and was taken care by traditional bone setter. He is able to walk with some bowing and shortening of the left leg, only sometimes he feels pain on the leg. What is the most probable finding on leg x ray?

A 30-year-old man brought to your clinic after falling from 29 floor balcony 15 minutes ago. He is drowsy and barely conscious. On examination you found an oddly angled right femur with blood oozing from a pin point wound Which of the following category is best to describe this condition?

A male 66 years old complained of a sudden swelling of the left knee. Synovial fluid analysis is taken and the result is The appearance of Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals. What is the possible condition?

What is the neurotransmitter in neuromuscular skeletal muscle junction?

A 34 year old man came with pain in his left knee since 2 weeks especially in the morning more than 1.5 hours. He also felt pain in his achilles. 1 month before there was history of chronic diarrhea. The rheumatic factor was negative. What is the most probable diagnose for his problems?

A male 68 years old presents with chronic left hip pain with osteophyte and joint space narrowing. The patient also has a history of peptic ulcers. What is the first line of pharmaceutical management in this patient?

A 19-year-old with hormonal imbalances came to hospital for upper right femur fractured. The X-ray showed well circumscribed lesion and a partly cystic. A curretage biopsy was performed and its microscopic showed fibrous tissue proliferated that containing “claw (U)-shape” configuration of bone trabeculas. What is the most likely diagnosis you may describe to him?

Quasimoto, the "Hunchback of Notre Dame", suffered from an abnormal thoracic curvature called kyphosis. In this condition the accentuated convexity of the curvature is:

A 10-year-old boy was brought to a clinic because of back pain for around one month, especially while bending. His mother also noted that her son’s left shoulder is slightly higher than the right. On physical exam the doctor found that Adam’s test was positive but no length discrepancy. What is the most appropriate examination do diagnose this patient?

What will happen in the forcible over stretch muscle?

Amin 15 years old boy felt down from the stairs then the radiograph showed that his joint between clavicle and scapula was fracture. What part of the scapula articulates with the clavicle?

Mr. Budi, 54 years old was felt down when he was hit by the truck. The radiograph demonstrated the fracture of fibula. Which nerve of the leg wraps around the neck of fibula?

A0 year-old boy developed high fever, chills, and worsening leg pain. His upper left leg started to hurt 3 to 4 days ago, and last night he began limping. His parent reports no history of trauma to the area. His only past medical history is two episode of otitis media (infection in the ear) at age 2 and 7. There were localized tenderness and swelling over the left distal femur. WBC count is 11.500 cells/uL; normal differential count, but ESR is 58 mm/hour. The blood cultures obtained and revealed Gram (+) cocci. How is the boy getting this illness?

A mother come to outpatient department because of concern that her 9 months old baby boy seems to have bow leg. When the boy starts to stand she noticed that both of his leg seems bowing on the knee. There's no history of trauma or other anomaly. What would probably be the problem?

A6 year-old has had a hard painless lump on the medial aspect of his knee for at least eight years. It caused no problems until he was kicked in the area of the lump during football game

what is most likely diagnosis?

A 30-year-old woman has experienced pain in the area of hands and feet. On physical examination, there is a mass and slowly growing, no erythema or warmth. A radiograph shows a 7-cmn mass in the metaphyseal region of small tubular bones of the hands and feet. Microscopic examination shows the findings in the figure. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A female, 60 years old, complained about swelling on the right knee. No inflammation sign was found, and fluid is detected on suprapatellar space—no other joint involvement. In this case, the synovium is predominance by:

A 38-year-old woman has recent onset of cold ngers, joint pain, fever, weight loss, and a facial rash. Examination reveals a symmetrical inammatory arthropathy, a rash over her face and neck, and lymphadenopathy. Investigations reveal thrombocytopenia, normal urine examination, and a strongly positive anti nuclear antibodies (ANA). What is the most likely diagnosis?

A male 70 years old presents with chronic left hip pain with osteophyte and joint space narrowing. The patient also has a history of peptic ulcers. What is the first line of pharmaceutical management in this patient?

A 6 months old baby presents with fever, drowsy, irritable, and swelling of her left hip. She doesnt want to move her left extremity. X ray show metaphyseal proximal femoral bone destruction and hip joints swelling. The most common cause of this condition is

A 55 year old male has a history of episodes of a painless nodule with overlying ulcerated skin at his big toe. Beneath the eroded skin is a chalky white deposit of soft material surrounded by erythematous soft tissue. Microscopic appears a collection of lamentous urate crystals. This nodule is most consistent with which of the following lesions?

While examining a “bony” tissue taken from the epiphyseal plate, you noticed several layers of cells. One of these layers consists of rows of attened cells, arranged like a stack of coins. Which of the following layers are you examining?

A patient, male 50 years old, presents to a clinic with briefly left knee stiffness in the morning and pain following prolonged walking. On x-ray examination, a knee osteophyte was found. The disease processes arise from all these tissue, except:

A 60-year-old woman came with a complete left femoral neck fracture after fell from tricycle (becak). The bone mineral density examination showed it is less than -2.5. Microscopic examination showed that the bone cortex becomes thinner and the trabeculae have less complex branching. The most significant contributing factor for this fracture is:

Female, 60 years old, complaint about pain and stiffness of her left knee. The doctor nds cartilage softening during knee arthroscopy. What is the earliest change that happened at the cartilage?

A 76 year-old lady developed vertebral osteomyelitis. Her blood culture grew Gram-positive cocci arranged in clusters. What is the most likely etiological agent?

A 5 years old boy fall down when jumping on the bed. His mom brought him to ER few hour after the fall. The doctor diagnosed him with fracture of the forearm. What is the phase of bone healing happening when this boy come to the ER?

6 months ago, 25 years old university student twisted her knee and heard a popping sound. Swelling developed within two-hours after the injury. Now, there is no more swelling but she feels her knee unstable. Which test would be most appropriate to use for examination of the cruciate ligaments of the knee?

Mrs Rani is 66 years old and has four adult children. She is on Hormone replacement therapy. She has always been a homemaker and a life-long non-smoker. She developed late onset asthma ve years ago, requiring regular oral as well as inhaled steroid therapy. Asthma has limited her physical activity, although she was never someone who enjoyed exercise anyhow. Two weeks ago, she tripped over her cat and fractured her left hip. Which investigation is the most useful to diagnose this patient?

A 58 year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with a two-month history of pain, swelling and purulent discharge to her left lower leg. This occurred one year after sustaining a fracture to that area. Colonies grown from the purulent discharge on blood agar were convex and appeared golden yellow. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Mr. Adi, 34 years old was felt down when he climbed the tree. The radiograph demonstrated the fracture of talus. What is the most appropriate reason that fractures of the talus have minimal displacement?

A 20 year old man complains of sharp and almost constant pain in the region of the right knee. this pain has been present for two months and is associated with swelling of the knee. on admission to hospital a radiograph reported as follows: " bulky, scletorit lesion in the lower end of the femur. The lesion extends to the surrounding extra-osseus tissue with transverse 'sunray' streamers of radio-opacity". what is the most likely disorder of the bone?

30 year old woman hit by a car, fell down on her arm. cannot abduct her arm. the radiograph showed fracture of proximal humerus, what vessel is the most possible injured?

A man 30 years old felt very tired after half marathon training. What is the nerve for maintaining a muscle tonus in sustained stretch?

A 15-year old girl complained of severe pain in his left knee after vigarous exercise for 4 weeks. The knee joint has been swollen and red then she cannot extend her leg. The doctors diagnosed her with stress fracture. The MRI showed tear of patella ligament. Which structure of the bone is inserted by those ligament?

A 50-year-old woman has experienced pain in lumbar joints for several months. Radiographic examinations show Bamboo’s spine. Physical examination reveals several nodules in her small joints in the hands and feet. Histology of the nodule after biopsy shows a central fibrinoid necrosis, surrounding by palisading epithelioid macrophages. The best diagnostic is

Which of the following cell is the most involved in remodelling process?

A 10-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital due to a draining sinus on the right leg for 2 years. She has chronic osteomyelitis that is multi-resistant to antibiotics. What is the most probable cause of multi-resistance?

12-year old boy admitted to hospital with the complaints of fever, chills, local swelling and pain at his left leg after an accident 3 weeks ago. An x-ray of his femur showed bone destruction, necrosis and new bone formation. A clinical diagnosis of bone infectionw was made. What additional diagnostic information should be obtained before this boy received his first dose of antibiotic?

Whike examining a piece of bone tissue you noticed a structure consisting of circular layers surrounding a tube in the centre. Which of the following structures are you examining?

What is the definition of muscle tone

A patient was hit by a motorcycle from the side. She has pain on shoulder and x ray fracture of proximal humerus then she cannot abduct her arm and impairment of muscle. What nerve is most likely affected

Which cell makes osteoid and promote mineralization in fracture healing leading to bone strength?

A man 58 years old felt his right arm muscle became easy to fatigue and weak after recovery from right arm bone fracture. Hisphysician said he got muscular atrophy and his connection between nerve and muscular was good. What is muscular disuse atrophy?

In sciatica which muscle is most likely affected?

Radiograph shows fracture of proximal femur. What structure is most likely injured?

A 30 year old woman was hit by bycicle and fell down on her arm, she cannot abduct her arm what muscle was most likely affected?

On a regular checkup of a 6-week-old female infant you note positive Ortolani test on the left side. You suspect the patient is having DDH so you decided to refer the patient to orthopaedic specialist. On consultation, you try to explain to the parents the most probable initial treatment for this patient.

In the impairment of muscle insterted to the proximal femur, what movement of the thigh is the most probably disturbed?

A man 38 years old had sore upper arm muscle after he helped to push a heavy cart to the side of street. He went to the doctor and doctor said possibly he had muscle strain.
A muscle strain is caused by:

A 42-year-old woman came to the hospital with complains of sharp pain on the upper back in the last 5 months. She also said that 2 years ago she underwent bilateral ovarian cyst surgery. Physical exam reveals tenderness on the thoracic region, no swelling, and no redness. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?

this guy cant extend his forearm, what muscle is prolly impaired

Mr Alan 48 years got infection and swelling at his hand. He went to the hospital and he was given the antibiotic. After 2 weeks his hand healed but he could not bend his finger normally. His doctor said his finger possibility suffered muscular necrosis and became contracture. What is the process in muscle contracture?

Male 57 years old complaint of chronic right hip pain after sports activities. The doctor found osteophyte on hip x ray, and bone marrow lesion on MRI. Histologically, it contains vascular infiltration. What does the lesion on the case signify?

Perferred treatment for infant diagnosed with CTEV or clubfoot

The most common sequelae of tuberculous spondylitis in adolescent are

Which muscle is inserted into proximal femur

A woman 60 years old felt her muscle became easy to fatigue and weak. Her physician examined her and found her muscle tone and muscle strength is lesser than normal. What will happen in the length tension relationship if the muscle is over stretched?

Mrs Ani is a 50 year-old woman, has painful, symmetrical swelling of her metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, and has recently found it difficult to wash clothes. She gained some relief from ibuprofen tablets, which she was able to buy in a small quantity from pharmacy. What is the mechanism of the drug given above?

A 60 years old woman fell down then felt very pain in her right muscle of medial thigh and could not adduct her thigh which nerve is probably injured?

What are special features of fractures in children that support the treatment plan of fracture (cast immobilization and closed reduction)?

A 35 year old man came to physician with solid mass in his right parietal. Physical examination noted that the tumor is not mobile but solid and hard consistency. The X-ray imaged neither distortion nor destruction on that right parietal's bone. Curettage biopsy was performed. What is the most likely diagnosis base on microscopic appearance?

A contraction in which the tension remains constant as the muscle shortens is said as

Mrs Rani is 66 years old and has four adult children. She is on Hormone replacement therapy. She has always been a homemaker and a life-long non-smoker. She developed late onset asthma five years ago, requiring regular oral as well as inhaled steroid therapy. Asthma has limited her physical activity, although she was never someone who enjoyed exercise anyhow. Two weeks ago, she tripped over her cat and fractured her hip. What is most likely to cause bone loss?

claw hand which nerve

5 years old boy presents to emergency department with intense pain on his left upper leg since yesterday.
He has refused to walk since yesterday because of pain. No history of injury. He has some fever and sore throat since 3 days ago. On physical examination, point tenderness was found on proximal left tibia. No abnormality detected on cruris x ray. What is the most appropriate response to this condition?

A 20 yrs old tennis champion complains a problem when the forearm is extended. The examination of X-ray shows fracture of distal humerus and the inferior fragment of humerus directed to the posterior part of the arm. What signs of nerve injured by the fracture above?

Before taking further treatment, the doctor gave her non-narcotic analgetic to reduce the inflammation and pain. It was also known that the patient are 6-month old pregnant. Which of the following is the most appropriate NSAID for this patient

A 65 year-old woman presents with pain, stiffness and swelling of her knees. Physical examination reveals marked knee crepitus. Reconstructive surgery is performed and the resected bone reveals destruction of the articular cartilage. Which of the following BEST describes the etiology of this woman's disease?

A 65 year-old woman presents with pain, stiffness and swelling of her knees. Physical examination reveals marked knee crepitus. Reconstructive surgery is performed and the resected bone reveals destruction of the articular cartilage. Which of the following BEST describes the etiology of this woman's disease?

A 19-year-old footballer was sidelined after falling in a game. You as a first aid team present found that his forearm is strangely angulated, no laceration on the skin, and neither paresthesia nor diminished distal pulse present. Which is the most appropriate FIRST step to help this patient?