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Biological Macromolecules

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What makes a molecule organic?
a)
the presence of nitrogen
b)
the presence of hydrogen
c)
the presence of carbon
d)
the presence of sulfur
2.
T/F: Water is an organic molecule.
a)
True
b)
False
3.
What is an isomer?
a)
two molecules with the same chemical formula but different structure
b)
two molecules with different chemical formulas but are arranged in the same structure
c)
a molecule that has more neutrons than the usual amount in each atom
d)
a molecule whose chemical formula is disrupted and causes radioactive decay from the nucleus
4.
What is a dehydration synthesis reaction?
a)
water is added to a reaction and two monomers are broken apart
b)
the cell becomes dehydrated which increases the synthesis of ATP
c)
water is removed from a reaction two monomers are broken apart
d)
water is removed from a reaction and two monomers are combined
5.
What is a hydrolysis reaction?
a)
water is removed from a reaction and monomers are broken apart
b)
water is added to a reaction and monomers are broken apart
c)
water is removed from a reaction and monomers are combined
d)
water is added to a reaction and monomers are combined
6.
Which of these elements is found in carbohydrates?
a)
Carbon
b)
Hydrogen
c)
Oxygen
d)
none of the above
e)
all of the above
7.
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
a)
fatty acid
b)
disaccharide
c)
monosaccharide
d)
nucleotide
8.
What is a disaccharide?
a)
A & C
b)
two monosaccharides combined
c)
two triglycerides combined
d)
a carbohydrate
e)
a lipid
9.
What bonds hold carbohydrates together?
a)
phosphoester
b)
glycosydic
c)
ester
d)
peptide
10.
What is a polysaccharide?
a)
two monosaccharides put together
b)
two disaccharides put together
c)
a lipid
d)
A & C
11.
Which of these roles is what a carbohydrate does in our bodies?
a)
long term energy storage
b)
quick energy usage
c)
produces steroids
d)
A & B
12.
Which of these elements is not found in lipids?
a)
carbon
b)
hydrogen
c)
nitrogen
d)
oxygen
13.
T/F: Lipids are insoluble in water
a)
True
b)
False
14.
What are the monomers of lipids?
a)
triglycerides
b)
fatty acids
c)
nucleotides
d)
monosaccharides
15.
What organic molecules make up triglycerides?
a)
3 glycerol groups and 1 fatty acid
b)
3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol group
c)
3 glycosidic bond groups and 1 glycerol group
d)
2 fatty acid chains and 1 glycerol group
16.
What kind of bonds hold triglycerides together?
a)
phosphoester
b)
ester
c)
glycosydic
d)
peptide
17.
What are the important roles of lipids in the body?
a)
long term energy storage
b)
quick energy use
c)
storing genetic information
d)
cushioning and insulation
e)
A & D
18.
Where are phospholipids found in the body?
a)
the cell membrane
b)
the plasma membrane
c)
the phospholipid bilayer membrane
d)
all of the above
19.
Which of these is an example of a steroid?
a)
estrogen
b)
glucose
c)
sucrose
d)
DNA
20.
What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
a)
to keep the membrane solid
b)
to keep the membrane semi-fluid
c)
to keep out water
d)
none of the above
21.
Which of these elements is not found in proteins?
a)
helium
b)
nitrogen
c)
hydrogen
d)
carbon
e)
none of the above
22.
What are the monomers of proteins?
a)
fatty acids
b)
amino acids
c)
polypeptides
d)
nucleotides
23.
Amino acids are joined into what polymer?
a)
proteins
b)
polypeptides
c)
nucleic acids
d)
nucleotides
24.
What bonds hold together polypeptides?
a)
peptide
b)
phosphoester
c)
ester
d)
glycosidic
25.
What is the primary structure of proteins?
a)
hydrogen bonds causing alpha helices and beta pleated sheets
b)
4 polypeptides combining into a protein
c)
the chain of amino acids
d)
the folding of the coiled regions of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets into 3D
26.
What is the quaternary structure of proteins?
a)
hydrogen bonds causing alpha helices and beta pleated sheets
b)
4 polypeptides combining into a protein
c)
the chain of amino acids
d)
the folding of the coiled regions of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets into 3D
27.
What is the tertiary structure of proteins?
a)
hydrogen bonds causing alpha helices and beta pleated sheets
b)
4 polypeptides combining into a protein
c)
the chain of amino acids
d)
the folding of the coiled regions of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets into 3D
28.
What is the secondary structure of proteins?
a)
hydrogen bonds causing alpha helices and beta pleated sheets
b)
4 polypeptides combining into a protein
c)
the chain of amino acids
d)
the folding of the coiled regions of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets into 3D
29.
What do proteins form in the body that speed up reactions?
a)
eclipses
b)
enzymes
c)
catalysts
d)
RNA
30.
What is the role of nucleic acids in the body?
a)
form enzymes
b)
responsible for controlling genetic information
c)
quick energy
d)
energy storage
31.
What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
a)
nucleotides
b)
amino acids
c)
polypeptides
d)
monosaccharides
32.
Which of the following things is not contained in a nucleic acid?
a)
a 5 carbon ringed sugar
b)
a phosphate group
c)
a carbon backbone chain
d)
a nitrogenous base
33.
Which nitrogenous based is replaced in RNA?
a)
adenine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
cytosine
34.
What kind of bonds are found between NUCLEIC ACIDS?
a)
phosphoester
b)
ester
c)
hydrogen
d)
peptide
35.
What type of bonds are found between two NUCLEOTIDES?
a)
ester
b)
hydrogen
c)
phosphoester
d)
peptide
36.
Lipids are ______ in water.
a)
soluble
b)
insoluble
c)
encased
d)
all of the above
37.

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

a)

Enzyme catalysis

b)

Genetic information storage

c)

Transport of molecules

d)

Structural support

38.

Which type of bond links amino acids together in a protein?

a)

Peptide bond

b)

Ester bond

c)

Glycosidic bond

d)

Hydrogen bond

39.

Which of the following best describes a saturated fatty acid?

a)

Is a component of nucleic acids

b)

Is always liquid at room temperature

c)

Contains double bonds between carbon atoms

d)

Has only single bonds between carbon atoms

40.

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in the body?

a)

Storing genetic information

b)

Catalyzing chemical reactions

c)

Providing quick energy

d)

Forming cell membranes

41.

What type of bond connects monosaccharides to form disaccharides?

a)

Phosphodiester bond

b)

Ester bond

c)

Peptide bond

d)

Glycosidic bond

42.

Which of these is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

a)

Pentose sugar

b)

Nitrogenous base

c)

Amino group

d)

Phosphate group

43.

Which of the following is a characteristic of unsaturated fatty acids?

a)

They contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms

b)

They are typically solid at room temperature

c)

They contain only single bonds between carbon atoms

d)

They are components of nucleic acids

44.

Which type of bond is responsible for holding the two strands of DNA together?

a)

Peptide bond

b)

Glycosidic bond

c)

Hydrogen bond

d)

Ester bond

45.

Which of the following is NOT a component of an amino acid?

a)

An amino group

b)

A phosphate group

c)

A side chain (R group)

d)

A carboxyl group

46.

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

a)

The combination of multiple polypeptide subunits

b)

The folding of polypeptide chains into 3D shapes

c)

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

d)

The formation of alpha helices and beta sheets

47.

Which type of macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Proteins

48.

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the body?

a)

Providing structural support

b)

Storing genetic information

c)

Long-term energy storage

d)

Forming cell membranes

49.

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in biological systems?

a)

They store genetic information

b)

They speed up chemical reactions

c)

They form lipid bilayers

d)

They provide structural support to cells

50.

Which component is found in all nucleotides?

a)

A peptide bond

b)

A glycerol molecule

c)

A phosphate group

d)

A fatty acid chain

51.

Which of the following is NOT a type of lipid?

a)

Phospholipid

b)

Triglyceride

c)

Steroid

d)

Starch

52.

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lipids in the body?

a)

Catalyzing chemical reactions

b)

Transporting oxygen

c)

Providing insulation and energy storage

d)

Storing genetic information

53.

What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

a)

DNA is found only in the cytoplasm

b)

DNA is single-stranded, RNA is double-stranded

c)

DNA contains uracil, RNA contains thymine

d)

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, RNA contains ribose sugar

54.

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates?

a)

Forming structural components in plants

b)

Storing genetic information

c)

Providing quick energy

d)

Serving as cell recognition molecules

55.

Which type of macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

a)

Nucleic acids

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

56.

Which of the following best describes a peptide bond?

a)

A bond between a fatty acid and glycerol

b)

A bond between two nucleotides

c)

A bond between two amino acids

d)

A bond between two monosaccharides

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