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WorksheetsDay 9 page 62-70
Total questions: 120
Worksheet time: 3600secs
Which of the following is a member of the halogen family?
sodium
fluorine
hydrogen chloride
phosphorus
A sample of a substance, to which a chemical formula can be assigned, whose weight is equal to its formula weight is termed:
molecule
mole
gram equivalent weight
one normal solution
Hydrogen is common to all
acids
salts
oxides
metals
The integral of a function between certain limits divided by the difference in abscissas between those limits gives of the function
average
middle
intercept
asymptote
How can the differential equation a (d^2 x)/(d t^2) + B (t) dx/dt + C = D(t) best described?
linear, homogeneous, and first order
homogeneous and first order
linear, second order, and nonhomogeneous
linear, homogeneous and second order
The differential equation given is correctly described by which one of the following choices? a (d^2 y / d x^2) + bxy dy/dx = f(x)
Linear, second order, homogeneous
Nonlinear, second order, homogeneous
Linear, second order, non homogeneous
Nonlinear, second order, nonhomogeneous
How is the capital recovery factor (A/P, i, n) related to the uniform series sinking fund factor (A/F, i, n)? i is the effective annual rate of return, and n is in years
(A/P, i, n) = (A/F, i, n) + i
(A/P, i, n) = (A/F, i, n) / i
(A/P, i, n) = (A/F, i, n) - i
(A/P, i, n) = [ (A/F, i, n) + i ] / n
To determine the chemical formula of a compound, we need to know all of the following except the:
elements that compose the compound
density of the compound
molecular weight of the compound
atomic weights of the elements in the compound
The number of molecules in 22.4 liters (under standard conditions) of a substance in its gaseous state, is called
Dulong’s number
Petit’s number
Avogadro’s number
Gay-Lussac’s number
Which of the following metals is the best heat conductor?
aluminum
copper
gold
silver
When exposed to the atmosphere, which of the following liquids is coldest?
oxygen
argon
nitrogen
helium
Hard water is water which contains soluble salts of which of the following elements?
Sodium
Sulfur
Calcium
chlorine
What is an annuity?
the future worth of a present amount
a series of uniform amounts over a period of time
an annual repayment of a loan
a lump sum at the end of the year
Which of the following expression is incorrect?
the future worth of a present amount, (F/P, i, n) = 1 / (P/F, i, n)
the future worth of an annuity, (F/A, i, n) = 1 / (A/F, i, n)
the present worth of an annuity, (P/A, i, n) = 1 / (A/P, i, n)
(A/F, i, n) - i = (A/P, i, n)
When using net present worth calculations to compare two projects, which of the following could invalidate the calculation?
Differences in the magnitudes of the projects
Evaluating over different time periods
Mutually exclusive projects
Nonconventional cash flows
Assuming i = annual rate of return, n number of years, F = future worth, and P = present worth, what is the future worth of a present amount P (F/P, i, n)?
P (1 + i)^n
P (1 + i)^(n-1)
P (1 + i)^-n
P (1 + i)^i
What must two investments with the same present worth and unequal lives have?
identical salvage values
identical equivalent uniform annual cash flows
different salvage values
different equivalent uniform annual cash flows
What is the formula of a straight-line depreciation rate?
(100% - % Net Salvage Value) / (Estimated Service Life)
(% Net Salvage Value) / (Estimated Service Life)
(100% Net Salvage Value) / (Estimated Service Life)
(Average Net Service Value) / (Estimated Service Life)
Which of the following statements about stagnation properties is least correct?
For a compressible fluid, KE change is converted to stagnation temperature rise, and pressure rise is isentropically calculated
Stagnation temperature is related to aerodynamic heating of leading edges of aircraft wings
In a fluid at Mach number greater than 1, an isentropic calculation of stagnation properties is valid
For an incompressible fluid impacting a pitot tube, KE change may be converted to pressure rise
Which of the following statements about Mach number (M) is FALSE?
Mach number is the ratio of velocity to sonic velocity
Mach number has the dimensions of velocity
Mach 1 is the maximum attainable velocity in a nozzle throat
Mach angle (alpha), or angle the shock front makes with the velocity factor of a moving source, and Mach number are related by Msin(alpha) = 1
During combustion of hydrocarbon fuels with less than stoichiometric air, the products depend on the amount of air supplied and could be all of the following EXCEPT
Unburned fuel, C, CO2 and H2O
Unburned fuel, C CO and H2O
C, CO, CO2 and H2O
C, CO and H2O
The rate of heat transfer through a given section of a uniform wall for a given temperature difference is:
Directly proportional to the thermal conductivity and to the thickness of the wall
Inversely proportional to the thermal conductivity and directly proportional to the thickness of the wall
Directly proportional to the thermal conductivity and inversely proportional to the thickness of the wall
Inversely proportional to the thermal conductivity and to the thickness of the wall
Which of the following is true regarding the minimum attractive rate of return used in judging proposed investments?
It is the same for every organization
It is larger than the interest rate used to discount expected cash flow from investments
It is frequently a policy decision made by an organization’s management
It is not relevant in engineering economy studies
Which of the following situation has a conventional cash flow so that an interest rate of return can be safely calculated and used?
You purchase a house and pay the bank in monthly installments
You lease a car and pay by the month
Your company undertakes a mining project in which the land must be reclaimed at the end of the project
You invest in a safe dividend stock and receive dividends each year
The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is defined as the order quantity which minimizes the inventory cost per unit time. Which of the following is not an assumption of the basic EOQ model with no shortages?
The demand rate is uniform and constant
There is a positive cost on each unit inventoried
The entire reorder quantity is delivered instantaneously
There is an upper bound on the quantity ordered
Which of the following events will cause the optimal lot size, given by the classic EOQ model with no shortages, to increase?
a decrease in inventory carrying cost
a decrease in demand
an increase in demand
(A) or (C)
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the deviations of real gases from ideal gas behavior?
Molecular attraction interactions are compensated for in the ideal gas law
Deviations from ideal gas behavior are large near the saturation curve
Deviations from ideal gas behavior become significant at pressures above the critical point
Molecular volume becomes significant as specific volume is decreased
All of the following statements about wet bulb temperature are true EXCEPT:
wet bulb temperature equals adiabatic saturation temperature
wet bulb temperature lies numerically between dewpoint and dry bulb temperature for unsaturated system
wet bulb temperature equals both dry bulb and dewpoint temperature at 100% relative humidity
wet bulb temperature is the only temperature necessary to determine grains of water per lb. of dry air
A small plastic bat is filled with moist air at 50% relative humidity, sealed and placed in an environmental chamber whose temperature and pressure may be independently varied. The relative humidity in the bag will be lowered under which of the following conditions?
pressure is increased
temperature is decreased
pressure is decreased
temperature is decreased and pressure is increased
What is a borrower of a particular loan almost always required to do during repayment?
pay exactly the same amount of interest each payment
repay the loan over an agreed – upon amount of time
pay exactly the same amount of principal each payment
(A) or (C)
What work-in-process classified as?
an asset
a liability
an expense
a revenue
What is the indirect product cost (IPC) spending variance?
the difference between actual IPC and IPC absorbed
the difference between actual IPC and IPC volume adjusted budget
the IPC volume adjusted budget (fixed + volume (variable IPC rate))
the IPC volume adjusted minus the total IPC absorbed
Film A uses full absorption costing while firm B uses variable product costing. How will the financial statements of these companies differ?
Firm A has a higher cost of goods sold and therefore, a smaller profit
Firm A has a higher cost of goods sold, higher inventory value, and higher retained earnings
Firm A has a smaller cost of goods sold and a larger profit
Firm A has a smaller cost of goods sold, no change in inventory value, and no change in retained earnings
Power may be expressed in units of
ft – lbs
BTU/hr
HP – hours
kw-hours
Which of the following thermodynamic cycles is the most efficient?
Carnot
Brayton
Otto
Diesel
Which air-standard power cycle do the P – V and T – S diagrams on the next page represent?
Otto cycle
Reheat cycle
Carnot cycle
Brayton cycle
Equilibrium conditions exist in all EXCEPT which of the following
in reversible processes
in processes where driving forces are infin
Equilibrium conditions exist in all EXCEPT which of the following
in reversible processes
in processes where driving forces are infinitesimals
along ideal frictionless, nondissipative paths where forward and reverse processes occur at equal rates
in a steady state flow process
Name the process that has no heat transfer
Isentropic
Isothermal
Quasistatic
Reversible
Enthalpy of ideal gas is function only of:
internal energy
entropy
the product of pressure and specific volume
temperature
How is the material purchase price variance defined?
(quantity purchased x actual price) – (quantity purchased x standard price)
(quantity issued – standard quantity) (standard price)
(actual price – standard price) (quantity used)
(quantity purchased – standard quantity) (actual price)
Which of the following does not affect owner’s equity?
dividends paid
invested capital
license to start business
expense to get license of start business
What is the acid test ratio?
the ratio of owner’s equity to total current liabilities
the ratio of all assets to total liabilities
the ratio of current assets (exclusive of inventory) to total current liabilities
the ratio of gross margin to operating, sales, and administrative expenses
Which of the following is not a unit of work?
N.m
erg
kg.m^2/s^2
dyne
If heat transfer of the previous problem were reversible, and if the turbine operated isentropically, what is the entropy gained or lost by the low temperature reservoir?
Indeterminate
0
+0.240 BTU/°R
+0.250 BTU/°R
For spontaneously occurring natural process in an isolated system which expression best expresses dS?
ds = dQ/T
dS = 0
dS > 0
dS < 0
Which of the following statements about entropy is FALSE?
Entropy of a mixture is greater than that of its components under the same conditions
An irreversible process increases entropy of the universe
Entropy has the units of heat capacity
Entropy of a crystal at 0°F is zero
Work or energy can be a function of all of the following EXCEPT:
force and distance
torque and angular rotation
power and time
force and time
Energy changes are represented by all EXCEPT which one of the following?
- ∫ VdP
Tds – PdV
TdS + VdP
dQ_rev / T
(U + PV) is a quantity called
flow energy
shaft work
entropy
enthalpy
In flow process, neglecting KE and PE changes, -∫VdP represents which item?
heat transfer
shaft work
closed system work
flow energy
The hydraulic formula CA√2gh is used to find the
quantity of discharge through an orifice
velocity of flow in a closed conduit
length of pipe in a closed network
friction factor of a pipe
The hydraulic radius of an open-channel section is defined as:
the wetted perimeter divided by the cross sectional area
the cross sectional area divided by the total perimeter
the cross sectional area divided by the wetted perimeter
one-fourth the radius of a circle with the same area
Which of the following is true for a fluid?
it cannot sustain a shear force
it cannot sustain a shear force at rest
it is a liquid only
it has a very regular molecular structure
Which of the following is not a basic component of motion of a fluid element?
twist
rotation
angular distortion
volume distortion
Which of the following must be satisfied by the flow of any fluid, real or ideal?
I. Newton’s second law of motion
II. the continuity equation
III. the requirement of uniform velocity distribution
IV. Newton’s law of viscosity
V. The principle of the conservation of energy
What is the definition of pressure?
area / force
lim(force → 0) [ force / area ]
lim(area → 0) [ force / area ]
lim(force → 0) [ area / force ]
For a fluid, viscosity is defined as the constant of proportionality between shear stress and what other variable?
the time derivative of pressure
the spatial derivative of velocity
the time derivative of density
the spatial derivative of density
In the design of waterways, the “hydraulic jump” is sometimes used for
energy dissipation
elimination of turbulence
prevention of sedimentation
measurement of flow
The rate of laminar water flow in a saturated soil can be calculated using:
a Moody diagram
the Bernoulli equation
Darcy’s law
the Hazen-Williams formula
Surface tension has which of the following properties?
I. It has units of force per unit length
II. It exists whenever there is a density discontinuity
III. It is strongly affected by pressure
A leak from a faucet comes out in separate drops. Which of the following is the main cause of this phenomenon?
gravity
air resistance
viscosity of the fluid
surface tension
Equation of state for a single component can be any of the following, EXCEPT:
the ideal gas law, Pv = RT
the ideal gas law modified by insertion of a compressibility factor, Pv = ZRT
any relationship interrelating 3 or more states
A mathematical expression defining a path between states
The state of thermodynamic system is always defined by its
absolute temperature
process
properties
temperature and pressure
Which of the following describes shear stress in a moving fluid?
it is proportional to the absolute viscosity
it is proportional to the velocity
it is non-existent
both A and B gradient at the point of interest
If the shear stress in a fluid varies linearly with the velocity gradient, which of the following describes the fluid?
It is inviscid
It is a Newtonian gas
It is perfect gas
It is a constant temperature
How are the lines of constant pressure in a fluid related to the force field?
They are parallel to the force field
They are perpendicular to the force field
They are at 45° angles to the force field
They are perpendicular only to the force of gravity
Which of the following is the most accurate about a streamline?
It is a path of a fluid particle
It is a line normal to the velocity vector everywhere
It is fixed in space in steady flow
It is defined for non-uniform flow only
Which of the describes a streamline?
I. It is a mathematical concept
II. It cannot be crossed by the flow
III. It is a line of constant entropy
Mathematically, a thermodynamic property is which of the following?
a point function
a path function
an inexact differential
discontinuous
In finding the distance between two points P1 (x1, y1) and P2 (x2, y2), the most direct procedure is to use:
The translation of the axes
The slope of the line
The Pythagorean theorem
The derivative
To cut a right circular cone in such a way as to reveal a parabola, it must be cut:
perpendicular to the axis of symmetry
at any acute angle to the axis of symmetry
at any obtuse angle to the axis of symmetry
none of these
Naperian logarithms have a base of:
3.1416
10
2.171828
2.71828
For a given curve f(x, y) = 0, it is found that f(x, y) = f(x, -y). This means that:
The curve is unsymmetrical
The curve is symmetrical to both axes
The curve is symmetrical to the x – axis
The curve is symmetrical to the y – axis
Under what condition is mass conserved in fluid flow?
The fluid is baratropic
It is always conserved
The flow is isentropic
The flow is adiabatic
What is the absolute velocity of a real fluid at a surface?
the same as the bulk fluid velocity
the velocity of the surface
zero
proportional to the smoothness of the surface
What is the origin of the energy conservation equation used in flow system?
Newton’s first law of motion
Newton’s second law of motion
the first law of thermodynamics
the second law of thermodynamics
Which of the following is the basis for Bernoulli’s law for fluid flow?
the principle of conservation of mass
the principle of conservation of energy
the continuity equation
Fourier’s Law
Under which of the following conditions is Bernoulli’s equation valid?
the fluid must be incompressible
all points evaluated must be on the same streamline
the fluid must be inviscid
all of the above
Which of the following ratios is correct in providing a physical meaning for the Reynolds number, Re?
Re = buoyant forces / inertial force
Re = drag force / viscous forces
Re = viscous forces / inertial forces
Re = inertial forces / viscous forces
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
The Reynolds number is the ratio of the viscous forces to the inertial force
Steady flows do not change with time at any point
The Navier-Stokes equation is the equation of motion for a viscous Newtonian fluid
Bernoulli’s equation only holds on the same streamline
An angle between 90° and 180° has:
A positive sine and cosine
A negative cotangent and cosine
A negative secant and tangent
All its trigonometric functions negative
The following is a characteristic of all trigonometric functions:
The values of all functions repeat themselves every 45 degrees
All functions are units of length or angular measure
The graphs of all functions are continuous
All functions are dimensionless units
Where does the Moody diagram for friction factors for pipe flow come from?
calculations based on potential flow
experimental results for inviscid fluids
applying the principle of conservation of mass
experimental results for viscous fluids
What is the friction factor for fully developed flow in a circular pipe where Reynolds number is 1000?
0.008
0.064
0.08
0.10
For pipe flow in laminar flow region, how is the friction factor related to the Reynolds number?
f alpha (64/Re)
f alpha (1/Re)
f alpha (Re)
f alpha (Re^2)
Which of the following flow meters measure the average fluid velocity in a pipe rather than a point or local velocity?
venturi meter
pitot tube
impact tube
orifice meter
hot wire anemometer
For fully developed laminar flow of fluids through pipes, the average velocity is what fraction of the maximum velocity in the pipe?
1/8
1/4
1/2
3/4
Which of the following is not true regarding the Blasius boundary layer solution?
It is valid only for potential flow
It is an approximate solution
It is valid for laminar flow
It permits one to calculate the skin friction on a flat plate
For a system to be in equilibrium, the sum of the external forces acting on the system must be:
equal to unity
indeterminate
a maximum
zero
The mass moment of inertia of a cylinder about its central axis perpendicular to a circular cross section is:
directly proportional to its radius
independent of its radius
directly proportional to its length
independent of its length
Which of the following properties are intensive properties?
temperature
pressure
composition
mass
How many independent properties are required to completely fix the equilibrium state of a pure gaseous compound?
0
1
2
3
Which of the following thermodynamic relations is incorrect?
TdS = dU – pdV
TdS = dH – Vdp
U = Q – W
H = U – pV
The moment of inertia of any plane figure can be expressed in units of length to the:
First power
Third power
Second power
Fourth power
The vector which represents the sum of a group of force vectors is called the:
magnitude
sum
resultant
phase angle
Which of the following is not a vector quantity?
velocity
acceleration
speed
displacement
The stress in an elastic material is:
inversely proportional to the material’s yield strength
inversely proportional to the force acting
proportional to the displacement of the material acted upon by the force
inversely proportional to the strain
The “SLENDERNESS RATIO” of a column is generally defined as the ratio of its:
length of its minimum width
unsupported length to its maximum radius of gyration
length to its moment of inertia
unsupported length to its least radius of gyration
The relationship between the extension of a spring and the force required to produce the extension is:
F = ma
F = mv^2 / R
F = μN
F = kx
The linear portion of the stress-strain diagram of steel is known as the:
modulus of elongation
irreversible range
plastic range
elastic range
Principal stresses occur on these planes:
where the shearing stress is zero
which are 45 degrees apart
where the shearing stress is a maximum
which are subjected only to tension
The ratio of the moment inertia of the cross section of a beam to the section modulus is:
equal to the radius of gyration
equal to the area of the cross section
a measure of distance
multiplied by the bending moment to determine the stress
When an air entrainment agent is introduced into a concrete mix:
the strength will increase
the strength will decrease
the strength will not be affected
the water/cement ratio must be reduced from 10 – 15%
Structural steel elements subjected to torsion develop:
tensile stress
shearing stress
compressive stress
bending stress
Which of the following relations defines the enthalpy?
h = u + P/T
h = u + pV
h = u + P/V
h = pV + T
The deflection of a beam is:
directly proportional to the modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia
inversely proportional to the modulus of elasticity and length of the beam cubed
inversely proportional to the modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia
inversely proportional to the weight and length
The differential of the shear equation is which one of the following?
load on the beam
tensile strength of the beam
bending moment of the beam
slope of the elastic curve
A homogeneous round bar of diameter D, length L, and total weight W is hung vertically from one end. If E is the modulus of elasticity, what is the total elongation of the bar?
WL / πD^2E
WL / 2πD^2E
2WL / πD^2E
2WLE / πD^2
Which of the following is true for water at reference temperature where enthalpy is zero?
Internal energy is negative
Entropy is non-zero
Specific volume is zero
Vapor pressure is zero
In an ideal gas mixture of constituents i and j, what is the mole fraction x, equal to?
Ti / Ti + Tj
Zi / Zi + Zj
pi / pi + pj
piVi / RT
The compressibility factor, z, is used for predicting the behavior of non-ideal gases. How is the compressibility factor defined relative to an ideal gas? (Subscript “c” refers to critical value)
z = p / pc
z = pV / RT
z = T / Tc
Z = (T/Tc)(pc/p)
On what plane is the Mollier diagram plotted?
p – V
p – T
h – s
s – u
How is the quality, x, of a liquid-vapor mixture defined?
the fraction of the total volume that is saturated vapor
the fraction of the total volume that is saturated liquid
the fraction of the total mass that is saturated vapor
the fraction of the total mass that is saturated liquid
What is the expression for the heat of vaporization?
hg = enthalpy of the saturated vapor
hf = enthalpy of the saturated liquid
hg – hf
hg^2 – hf^2
A vertically loaded beam, fixed at one end and simply supported at the other is indeterminate to what degree?
First
Third
Second
Fourth
A thin walled pressurized vessel consists of a right circular cylinder with flat ends. Midway between the ends the stress is greatest in what direction?
Longitudinal
Circumferential
Radial
At an angle 45° to the longitudinal and circumferential direction
During an adiabatic, internally reversible process, what is true about the change in entropy?
It is always zero
It is always greater than zero
It is always less than zero
It is temperature-dependent
For irreversible process, what is true about the total change in entropy of the system and surroundings?
dS = dQ / T
dS = 0
dS > 0
dS < 0
For which type of process does the equation dQ = TdS hold?
irreversible
isothermal
reversible
isobaric
