WorksheetsArquitectura test 2
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 2hrs 2mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A company needs to analyze log files stored in JSON format in an S3 bucket. Queries will be simple and on-demand. A solutions architect must meet these needs with minimal changes and overhead.
a)
Use Amazon Redshift to load the logs and run SQL queries as needed.
b)
Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs to store logs. Run SQL queries from the CloudWatch console.
c)
Use Amazon Athena directly with S3 to run queries on-demand.
d)
Use AWS Glue to catalog logs and run SQL queries with a transient Spark cluster on Amazon EMR
2.
A company collects 500 GB/day of temperature, humidity, and pressure data across multiple continents. It wants to aggregate all data quickly into one S3 bucket, minimizing operational complexity
a)
Enable S3 Transfer Acceleration on the destination bucket. Use multipart uploads to directly upload data to it.
b)
Upload data to a nearby S3 bucket, then use Cross-Region Replication to copy it to the destination bucket. Delete from the origin.
c)
Use Snowball Edge daily to transfer data to a nearby region. Replicate to the destination bucket using Cross-Region Replication.
d)
Upload data to a nearby EC2 instance. Store in EBS, create snapshots regularly, and restore them in the destination region.
3.
A company’s EC2 instances use an Aurora database with credentials stored locally. The company wants to reduce the operational overhead of managing these credentials.
a)
Use AWS Secrets Manager and enable automatic credential rotation.
b)
Use AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store with automatic rotation enabled.
c)
Store encrypted credentials in an S3 bucket using AWS KMS. Point the app to the bucket.
d)
Create encrypted EBS volumes for each EC2 instance, migrate credentials to the new volumes, and point the app to them
4.
A global company hosts its web app on EC2 behind an ALB. Static data is in S3, and they want to improve performance and reduce latency for static and dynamic content. They use Route 53 for their domain.
a)
Create a CloudFront distribution with S3 as origin and a Global Accelerator with ALB and CloudFront as endpoints, using a custom domain for the web app
b)
Create a CloudFront distribution with ALB as the origin and a Global Accelerator with S3 as the endpoint, routing Route 53 traffic to CloudFront
c)
Create a CloudFront distribution with S3 and ALB as origins and configure Route 53 to route traffic to CloudFront
d)
Create a CloudFront distribution with ALB as origin and a Global Accelerator with S3 as the endpoint, using two domains, one for CloudFront (dynamic) and another for Global Accelerator (static).
5.
A company needs to rotate credentials for its Amazon RDS for MySQL databases across multiple AWS Regions during monthly maintenance with minimal operational overhead.
a)
Store the credentials as secrets in AWS Secrets Manager, use multi-Region secret replication, and configure Secrets Manager to rotate the secrets on a schedule
b)
Store the credentials as secure string parameters in AWS Systems Manager, use multi-Region replication, and configure Systems Manager to rotate the secrets on a schedule
c)
Store the credentials in an S3 bucket with SSE enabled and use EventBridge to invoke a Lambda function to rotate them
d)
Encrypt the credentials using KMS multi-Region keys, store them in a DynamoDB global table, and use a Lambda function and the RDS API to rotate the secrets.
6.
A company migrated to AWS and needs to protect traffic in and out of the production VPC by replicating its on-premises inspection and filtering functionalities in the AWS Cloud.
a)
Use Amazon GuardDuty to inspect and filter traffic in the production VPC
b)
Use Traffic Mirroring to mirror VPC traffic for inspection and filtering
c)
Use AWS Network Firewall to create rules for inspecting and filtering VPC traffic
d)
Use AWS Firewall Manager to create inspection and filtering rules for the production VPC.
7.
A company hosts a data lake on AWS with data in S3 and RDS for PostgreSQL. They need a reporting solution for data visualization that integrates all data sources. Management should have full access, while the rest of the company gets limited access.
a)
Create an analysis in Amazon QuickSight, connect data sources, and create datasets. Publish dashboards and share them with the appropriate users and groups
b)
Create an analysis in Amazon QuickSight, connect data sources, and create datasets. Publish dashboards and share them with IAM roles
c)
Create an AWS Glue table and crawler for S3 data, run ETL jobs, and publish reports to S3 with restricted access using S3 policies
d)
Create an AWS Glue table and crawler, use Athena Federated Query for RDS data, generate reports with Athena, and limit access via S3 bucket policies.
8.
A company needs to ensure that two Amazon EC2 instances can access an Amazon S3 bucket used for document storage.
a)
Create an IAM role that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the role to the EC2 instances
b)
Create an IAM policy that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the policy to the EC2 instances
c)
Create an IAM group that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the group to the EC2 instances
d)
Create an IAM user that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the user account to the EC2 instances
9.
A company needs to quickly clone large amounts of production data from Amazon EBS volumes into a test environment in the same AWS Region. The cloned data must not affect production, and the software requires high I/O performance. For the minimum time to clone the prod data into the test environment:
a)
Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Restore the snapshots onto EC2 instance store volumes
b)
Configure the production EBS volumes to use Multi-Attach. Take snapshots and attach the production EBS volumes to test EC2 instances
c)
Take EBS snapshots. Create and initialize new EBS volumes, attach to test EC2 instances, then restore from snapshots
d)
Take EBS snapshots. Turn on fast snapshot restore, then restore snapshots into new EBS volumes and attach to test EC2 instances.
10.
An ecommerce company wants to launch a one-deal-a-day website on AWS, handling millions of requests per hour with millisecond latency and minimal operational overhead.
a)
Use Amazon S3 to host the full website in S3 buckets with CloudFront, and store order data in S3
b)
Deploy the website on EC2 instances in Auto Scaling groups across multiple Availability Zones, use ALBs for traffic, and store data in RDS MySQL
c)
Migrate the app to containers on Amazon EKS, use Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler for scaling, and store data in RDS MySQL
d)
Use Amazon S3 to host the static content with CloudFront, use API Gateway and Lambda for backend, and store data in DynamoDB.
11.
A solutions architect is using Amazon S3 to store media files that must be resilient to AZ loss. Some files are accessed frequently, others rarely, and the access pattern is unpredictable. Costs for storage and retrieval must be minimized.
a)
S3 Standard for frequent access and durability across AZs
b)
S3 Intelligent-Tiering for cost-optimized storage with automatic tiering for unpredictable access patterns
c)
S3 Standard-IA for infrequent access with resilience across AZs
d)
S3 One Zone-IA for infrequent access, but only stored in one AZ.
12.
A company stores backup files in S3 Standard. Files are accessed frequently for 1 month, then not accessed, but must be kept indefinitely. The company needs a cost-effective solution.
a)
Configure S3 Intelligent-Tiering to automatically migrate objects
b)
Create an S3 Lifecycle to transition objects from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 month
c)
Create an S3 Lifecycle to transition objects from S3 Standard to S3 Standard-IA after 1 month
d)
Create an S3 Lifecycle to transition objects from S3 Standard to S3 One Zone-IA after 1 month.
13.
A company needs to review its AWS Cloud deployment to ensure no unauthorized configuration changes are made to its S3 buckets.
a)
Turn on AWS Config with the appropriate rules
b)
Turn on AWS Trusted Advisor with the appropriate checks
c)
Turn on Amazon Inspector with the appropriate assessment template
d)
Turn on Amazon S3 server access logging and configure EventBridge (CloudWatch Events).
14.
A company is launching a new app and needs to give a product manager access to a CloudWatch dashboard. The product manager does not have an AWS account, and access should follow the least privilege principle.
a)
Share the dashboard from the CloudWatch console using the product manager's email and provide a link
b)
Create an IAM user with CloudWatchReadOnlyAccess and share credentials and dashboard URL
c)
Create an IAM user with ViewOnlyAccess, share credentials, and ask the manager to find the dashboard
d)
Deploy a bastion server, start it when access is needed, and share RDP credentials with pre-configured dashboard access.
15.
A company migrating applications to AWS needs SSO across multiple accounts managed via AWS Organizations, while continuing to use its on-premises Microsoft Active Directory for user management.
a)
Enable AWS SSO and create a one-way trust with the self-managed Active Directory using AWS Directory Service
b)
Enable AWS SSO and create a two-way forest trust with the self-managed Active Directory using AWS Directory Service
c)
Use AWS Directory Service and create a two-way trust with the self-managed Active Directory
d)
Deploy an on-premises IdP and enable AWS SSO.
16.
A company provides VoIP services using EC2 instances in Auto Scaling groups across multiple Regions. It needs to route users to the Region with the lowest latency and ensure automated failover between Regions.
a)
Deploy an NLB with a target group and associate it with the Auto Scaling group. Use the NLB as a Global Accelerator endpoint in each Region
b)
Deploy an ALB with a target group and associate it with the Auto Scaling group. Use the ALB as a Global Accelerator endpoint in each Region
c)
Deploy an NLB with a target group and associate it with the Auto Scaling group. Use Route 53 latency records pointing to NLB aliases and CloudFront as origin
d)
Deploy an ALB with a target group and associate it with the Auto Scaling group. Use Route 53 weighted records pointing to ALB aliases and CloudFront as origin.
17.
A company hosting its web app on AWS wants to ensure all EC2, RDS, and Redshift instances are tagged, minimizing the effort to check this.
a)
Use AWS Config rules to define and detect untagged resources
b)
Use Cost Explorer to display untagged resources and tag them manually
c)
Write API calls to check resources for tags and periodically run the code on an EC2 instance
d)
Write API calls to check tags and schedule a Lambda function via CloudWatch to run the code periodically.
18.
A company has an online marketplace application with hundreds of thousands of users. It needs a scalable, near-real-time solution to share financial transactions with internal apps and remove sensitive data before storing them in a document database.
a)
Store data in DynamoDB, remove sensitive data on each write, and use DynamoDB Streams
b)
Use Kinesis Data Firehose to store in DynamoDB and S3, removing sensitive data with Lambda, and other apps consume from S3
c)
Stream data into Kinesis Data Streams with Lambda to remove sensitive data before storing in DynamoDB, and other apps consume from Kinesis
d)
Store batched transactions in S3 as files and use Lambda to remove sensitive data before updating files and storing in DynamoDB, while other apps consume from S3.
19.
A company is launching a public web app in AWS using EC2 instances behind an ELB in a VPC. DNS is managed by a third-party service. The solutions architect needs to recommend a solution to detect and protect against large-scale DDoS attacks.
a)
Enable Amazon GuardDuty on the account
b)
Enable Amazon Inspector on the EC2 instances
c)
Enable AWS Shield and assign Amazon Route 53 to it
d)
Enable AWS Shield Advanced and assign the ELB to it.
20.
A company recently launched new EC2 workloads and needs a secure, repeatable strategy to access and administer instances remotely using AWS services, following the AWS Well-Architected Framework. A solution with the LEAST operational overhead?
a)
Use the EC2 serial console for direct terminal access
b)
Attach IAM roles to instances and use AWS Systems Manager Session Manager for remote SSH
c)
Create an SSH key pair and use a bastion host for access
d)
Establish a VPN connection and use SSH keys to connect from on-premises machines across the tunnel.
21.
A company is hosting a static website on S3 with Route 53 for DNS. The website is seeing global demand, and the company needs to reduce latency in a cost-effective way.
a)
Replicate the S3 bucket to all AWS Regions and add Route 53 geolocation routing
b)
Use AWS Global Accelerator with IP addresses associated with the S3 bucket, and update Route 53
c)
Add a CloudFront distribution in front of the S3 bucket and update Route 53
d)
Enable S3 Transfer Acceleration and update Route 53 to point to the new endpoint.
22.
A company has a searchable repository with over 10 million rows in an RDS for MySQL database. The database uses 2 TB of General Purpose SSD storage and handles millions of updates daily. Some insert operations take over 10 seconds, and storage performance is the issue.
a)
Change the storage type to Provisioned IOPS SSD
b)
Use a memory-optimized instance class
c)
Switch to a burstable performance instance class
d)
Enable Multi-AZ RDS read replicas with MySQL native asynchronous replication.
23.
A company runs an image-processing app on EC2 instances in a VPC, across multiple Availability Zones. EC2 instances download/upload images to S3 via a single NAT gateway. The company is concerned about data transfer charges. MOST cost-effective way to avoid Regional data transfer charges?
a)
Launch the NAT gateway in each Availability Zone
b)
Replace the NAT gateway with a NAT instance
c)
Deploy a gateway VPC endpoint for S3
d)
Provision an EC2 Dedicated Host for the instances.
24.
A company needs guaranteed EC2 capacity in three Availability Zones in a specific AWS Region for a 1-week event.
a)
Purchase Reserved Instances for the Region
b)
Create an On-Demand Capacity Reservation for the Region
c)
Purchase Reserved Instances for the Region and three Availability Zones
d)
Create an On-Demand Capacity Reservation for the Region and three Availability Zones.
25.
A company runs a public-facing three-tier web application in a VPC across multiple Availability Zones. Amazon EC2 instances for the application tier running in private subnets need to download software patches from the internet. However, the EC2 instances cannot be directly accessible from the internet. Which actions should be taken to allow the EC2 instances to download the needed patches? (Select TWO.)
a)
Configure a NAT gateway in a public subnet.
b)
Define a custom route table with a route to the NAT gateway for internet traffic and associate it with the private subnets for the application tier.
c)
Assign Elastic IP addresses to the EC2 instances.
d)
Define a custom route table with a route to the internet gateway for internet traffic and associate it with the private subnets for the application tier.
e)
Configure a NAT instance in a private subnet.
26.
A solutions architect wants to design a solution to save costs for Amazon EC2 instances that do not need to run during a 2-week company shutdown. The applications running on the EC2 instances store data in instance memory that must be present when the instances resume operation. Which approach should the solutions architect recommend to shut down and resume the EC2 instances?
a)
Modify the application to store the data on instance store volumes. Reattach the volumes while restarting them.
b)
Snapshot the EC2 instances before stopping them. Restore the snapshot after restarting the instances.
c)
Run the applications on EC2 instances enabled for hibernation. Hibernate the instances before the 2-week company shutdown.
d)
Note the Availability Zone for each EC2 instance before stopping it. Restart the instances in the same Availability Zones after the 2-week company shutdown.
27.
A company plans to run a monitoring application on an Amazon EC2 instance in a VPC. Connections are made to the EC2 instance using the instance’s private IPv4 address. A solutions architect needs to design a solution that will allow traffic to be quickly directed to a standby EC2 instance if the application fails and becomes unreachable. Which approach will meet these requirements?
a)
Deploy an Application Load Balancer configured with a listener for the private IP address and register the primary EC2 instance with the load balancer. Upon failure, de-register the instance and register the standby EC2 instance.
b)
Configure a custom DHCP option set. Configure DHCP to assign the same private IP address to the standby EC2 instance when the primary EC2 instance fails.
c)
Attach a secondary elastic network interface to the EC2 instance configured with the private IP address. Move the network interface to the standby EC2 instance if the primary EC2 instance becomes unreachable.
d)
Associate an Elastic IP address with the network interface of the primary EC2 instance. Disassociate the Elastic IP from the primary instance upon failure and associate it with a standby EC2 instance.
28.
An analytics company is planning to offer a web analytics service to its users. The service will require that the users’ webpages include a JavaScript script that makes authenticated GET requests to the company’s Amazon S3 bucket. What must a solutions architect do to ensure that the script will successfully execute?
a)
Enable cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) on the S3 bucket.
b)
Enable S3 Versioning on the S3 bucket.
c)
Provide the users with a signed URL for the script.
d)
Configure an S3 bucket policy to allow public execute privileges.
29.
A company’s security team requires that all data stored in the cloud be encrypted at rest at all times using encryption keys stored on premises. Which encryption options meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
a)
Use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed encryption keys (SSE-S3).
b)
Use server-side encryption with AWS KMS managed encryption keys (SSE-KMS).
c)
Use server-side encryption with customer-provided encryption keys (SSE-C).
d)
Use client-side encryption to provide at-rest encryption.
e)
Use an AWS Lambda function invoked by Amazon S3 events to encrypt the data using the customer’s keys.
30.
A company uses Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances to run its data processing workload. The nightly job typically takes 7 hours to run and must finish within a 10-hour time window. The company anticipates temporary increases in demand at the end of each month that will cause the job to run over the time limit with the capacity of the current resources. Once started, the processing job cannot be interrupted before completion. The company wants to implement a solution that would provide increased resource capacity as cost-effectively as possible. What should a solutions architect do to accomplish this?
a)
Deploy On-Demand Instances during periods of high demand.
b)
Create a second EC2 reservation for additional instances.
c)
Deploy Spot Instances during periods of high demand.
d)
Increase the EC2 instance size in the EC2 reservation to support the increased workload.
31.
A company runs an online voting system for a weekly live television program. During broadcasts, users submit hundreds of thousands of votes within minutes to a front-end fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group. The EC2 instances write the votes to an Amazon RDS database. However, the database is unable to keep up with the requests that come from the EC2 instances. A solutions architect must design a solution that processes the votes in the most efficient manner and without downtime. Which solution meets these requirements?
a)
Migrate the front-end application to AWS Lambda. Use Amazon API Gateway to route user requests to the Lambda functions.
b)
Scale the database horizontally by converting it to a Multi-AZ deployment. Configure the front-end application to write to both the primary and secondary DB instances.
c)
Configure the front-end application to send votes to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Provision worker instances to read the SQS queue and write the vote information to the database.
d)
Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to create a scheduled event to re-provision the database with larger, memory optimized instances during voting periods. When voting ends, re-provision the database to use smaller instances.
32.
A company has a two-tier application architecture that runs in public and private subnets. Amazon EC2 instances running the web application are in the public subnet and an EC2 instance for the database runs on the private subnet. The web application instances and the database are running in a single Availability Zone (AZ). Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to provide high availability for this architecture? (Select TWO.)
a)
Create new public and private subnets in the same AZ.
b)
Create an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group and Application Load Balancer spanning multiple AZs for the web application instances.
c)
Add the existing web application instances to an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer.
d)
Create new public and private subnets in a new AZ. Create a database using an EC2 instance in the public subnet in the new AZ. Migrate the old database contents to the new database.
e)
Create new public and private subnets in the same VPC, each in a new AZ. Create an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance in the private subnets. Migrate the old database contents to the new DB instance.
33.
A website runs a custom web application that receives a burst of traffic each day at noon. The users upload new pictures and content daily, but have been complaining of timeouts. The architecture uses Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups, and the application consistently takes 1 minute to initiate upon boot up before responding to user requests. How should a solutions architect redesign the architecture to better respond to changing traffic?
a)
Configure a Network Load Balancer with a slow start configuration.
b)
Configure Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to offload direct requests from the EC2 instances.
c)
Configure an Auto Scaling step scaling policy with an EC2 instance warmup condition.
d)
Configure Amazon CloudFront to use an Application Load Balancer as the origin.
34.
An application running on AWS uses an Amazon Aurora Multi-AZ DB cluster deployment for its database. When evaluating performance metrics, a solutions architect discovered that the database reads are causing high I/O and adding latency to the write requests against the database. What should the solutions architect do to separate the read requests from the write requests?
a)
Enable read-through caching on the Aurora database.
b)
Update the application to read from the Multi-AZ standby instance.
c)
Create an Aurora replica and modify the application to use the appropriate endpoints.
d)
Create a second Aurora database and link it to the primary database as a read replica.
35.
A company needs the ability to analyze the log files of its proprietary application. The logs are stored in JSON format in an Amazon S3 bucket. Queries will be simple and will run on-demand. A solutions architect needs to perform the analysis with minimal changes to the existing architecture.
What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?
a)
Use Amazon Redshift to load all the content into one place and run the SQL queries as needed.
b)
Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs to store the logs. Run SQL queries as needed from the Amazon CloudWatch console.
c)
Use Amazon Athena directly with Amazon S3 to run the queries as needed.
d)
Use AWS Glue to catalog the logs. Use a transient Apache Spark cluster on Amazon EMR to run the SQL queries as needed.
36.
A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts for different departments. The management account has an Amazon S3 bucket that contains project reports. The company wants to limit access to this S3 bucket to only users of accounts within the organization in AWS Organizations.
Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?
a)
Add the aws PrincipalOrgID global condition key with a reference to the organization ID to the S3 bucket policy.
b)
Create an organizational unit (OU) for each department. Add the aws:PrincipalOrgPaths global condition key to the S3 bucket policy.
c)
Use AWS CloudTrail to monitor the CreateAccount, InviteAccountToOrganization, LeaveOrganization, and RemoveAccountFromOrganization events. Update the S3 bucket policy accordingly.
d)
Tag each user that needs access to the S3 bucket. Add the aws:PrincipalTag global condition key to the S3 bucket policy.
37.
An application runs on an Amazon EC2 instance in a VPC. The application processes logs that are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The EC2 instance needs to access the S3 bucket without connectivity to the internet.
Which solution will provide private network connectivity to Amazon S3?
a)
Create a gateway VPC endpoint to the S3 bucket.
b)
Stream the logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Export the logs to the S3 bucket.
c)
Create an instance profile on Amazon EC2 to allow S3 access.
d)
Create an Amazon API Gateway API with a private link to access the S3 endpoint.
38.
A company is hosting a web application on AWS using a single Amazon EC2 instance that stores user-uploaded documents in an Amazon EBS volume. For better scalability and availability, the company duplicated the architecture and created a second EC2 instance and EBS volume in another Availability Zone, placing both behind an Application Load Balancer. After completing this change, users reported that, each time they refreshed the website, they could see one subset of their documents or the other, but never all of the documents at the same time.
What should a solutions architect propose to ensure users see all of their documents at once?
a)
Copy the data so both EBS volumes contain all the documents
b)
Configure the Application Load Balancer to direct a user to the server with the documents
c)
Copy the data from both EBS volumes to Amazon EFS. Modify the application to save new documents to Amazon EFS
d)
Configure the Application Load Balancer to send the request to both servers. Return each document from the correct server
39.
A company uses NFS to store large video files in on-premises network attached storage. Each video file ranges in size from 1 MB to 500 GB. The total storage is 70 TB and is no longer growing. The company decides to migrate the video files to Amazon S3. The company must migrate the video files as soon as possible while using the least possible network bandwidth.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Create an S3 bucket. Create an IAM role that has permissions to write to the S3 bucket. Use the AWS CLI to copy all files locally to the S3 bucket.
b)
Create an AWS Snowball Edge job. Receive a Snowball Edge device on premises. Use the Snowball Edge client to transfer data to the device. Return the device so that AWS can import the data into Amazon S3.
c)
Deploy an S3 File Gateway on premises. Create a public service endpoint to connect to the S3 File Gateway. Create an S3 bucket. Create a new NFS file share on the S3 File Gateway. Point the new file share to the S3 bucket. Transfer the data from the existing NFS file share to the S3 File Gateway.
d)
Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises network and AWS. Deploy an S3 File Gateway on premises. Create a public virtual interface (VIF) to connect to the S3 File Gateway. Create an S3 bucket. Create a new NFS file share on the S3 File Gateway. Point the new file share to the S3 bucket. Transfer the data from the existing NFS file share to the S3 File Gateway.
40.
A company is migrating a distributed application to AWS. The application serves variable workloads. The legacy platform consists of a primary server that coordinates jobs across multiple compute nodes. The company wants to modernize the application with a solution that maximizes resiliency and scalability.
How should a solutions architect design the architecture to meet these requirements?
a)
Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as a destination for the jobs. Implement the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 instances that are managed in an Auto Scaling group. Configure EC2 Auto Scaling to use scheduled scaling.
b)
Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as a destination for the jobs. Implement the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 instances that are managed in an Auto Scaling group. Configure EC2 Auto Scaling based on the size of the queue.
c)
Implement the primary server and the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 instances that are managed in an Auto Scaling group. Configure AWS CloudTrail as a destination for the jobs. Configure EC2 Auto Scaling based on the load on the primary server.
d)
Implement the primary server and the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 instances that are managed in an Auto Scaling group. Configure Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) as a destination for the jobs. Configure EC2 Auto Scaling based on the load on the compute nodes.
41.
A company is running an SMB file server in its data center. The file server stores large files that are accessed frequently for the first few days after the files are created. After 7 days the files are rarely accessed.
The total data size is increasing and is close to the company's total storage capacity. A solutions architect must increase the company's available storage space without losing low-latency access to the most recently accessed files. The solutions architect must also provide file lifecycle management to avoid future storage issues.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Use AWS DataSync to copy data that is older than 7 days from the SMB file server to AWS.
b)
Create an Amazon S3 File Gateway to extend the company's storage space. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the data to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 7 days.
c)
Create an Amazon FSx for Windows File Server file system to extend the company's storage space.
d)
Install a utility on each user's computer to access Amazon S3. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the data to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 7 days.
42.
A company is building an ecommerce web application on AWS. The application sends information about new orders to an Amazon API Gateway REST API to process. The company wants to ensure that orders are processed in the order that they are received.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Use an API Gateway integration to publish a message to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when the application receives an order. Subscribe an AWS Lambda function to the topic to perform processing.
b)
Use an API Gateway integration to send a message to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue when the application receives an order. Configure the SQS FIFO queue to invoke an AWS Lambda function for processing.
c)
Use an API Gateway authorizer to block any requests while the application processes an order.
d)
Use an API Gateway integration to send a message to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue when the application receives an order. Configure the SQS standard queue to invoke an AWS Lambda function for processing.
43.
A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances and uses an Amazon Aurora database. The EC2 instances connect to the database by using user names and passwords that are stored locally in a file. The company wants to minimize the operational overhead of credential management.
What should a solutions architect do to accomplish this goal?
a)
Use AWS Secrets Manager. Turn on automatic rotation.
b)
Use AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Turn on automatic rotation.
c)
Create an Amazon S3 bucket to store objects that are encrypted with an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) encryption key. Migrate the credential file to the S3 bucket. Point the application to the S3 bucket.
d)
Create an encrypted Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume for each EC2 instance. Attach the new EBS volume to each EC2 instance. Migrate the credential file to the new EBS volume. Point the application to the new EBS volume.
44.
A global company hosts its web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The web application has static data and dynamic data. The company stores its static data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company wants to improve performance and reduce latency for the static data and dynamic data. The company is using its own domain name registered with Amazon Route 53.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
a)
Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the S3 bucket and the ALB as origins. Configure Route 53 to route traffic to the CloudFront distribution.
b)
Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the ALB as an origin. Create an AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator that has the S3 bucket as an endpoint Configure Route 53 to route traffic to the CloudFront distribution.
c)
Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the S3 bucket as an origin. Create an AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator that has the ALB and the CloudFront distribution as endpoints. Create a custom domain name that points to the accelerator DNS name. Use the custom domain name as an endpoint for the web application.
d)
Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the ALB as an origin. Create an AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator that has the S3 bucket as an endpoint. Create two domain names. Point one domain name to the CloudFront DNS name for dynamic content. Point the other domain name to the accelerator DNS name for static content. Use the domain names as endpoints for the web application.
45.
A company performs monthly maintenance on its AWS infrastructure. During these maintenance activities, the company needs to rotate the credentials for its Amazon RDS for MySQL databases across multiple AWS Regions.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
a)
Store the credentials as secrets in AWS Secrets Manager. Use multi-Region secret replication for the required Regions. Configure Secrets Manager to rotate the secrets on a schedule.
b)
Store the credentials as secrets in AWS Systems Manager by creating a secure string parameter. Use multi-Region secret replication for the required Regions. Configure Systems Manager to rotate the secrets on a schedule.
c)
Store the credentials in an Amazon S3 bucket that has server-side encryption (SSE) enabled. Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to invoke an AWS Lambda function to rotate the credentials.
d)
Encrypt the credentials as secrets by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) multi-Region customer managed keys. Store the secrets in an Amazon DynamoDB global table. Use an AWS Lambda function to retrieve the secrets from DynamoDB. Use the RDS API to rotate the secrets.
46.
A company runs an ecommerce application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The Auto Scaling group scales based on CPU utilization metrics. The ecommerce application stores the transaction data in a MySQL 8.0 database that is hosted on a large EC2 instance.
The database's performance degrades quickly as application load increases. The application handles more read requests than write transactions. The company wants a solution that will automatically scale the database to meet the demand of unpredictable read workloads while maintaining high availability.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Use Amazon Redshift with a single node for leader and compute functionality.
b)
Use Amazon RDS with a Single-AZ deployment Configure Amazon RDS to add reader instances in a different Availability Zone.
c)
Use Amazon Aurora with a Multi-AZ deployment. Configure Aurora Auto Scaling with Aurora Replicas.
d)
Use Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached with EC2 Spot Instances.
47.
A company recently migrated to AWS and wants to implement a solution to protect the traffic that flows in and out of the production VPC. The company had an inspection server in its on-premises data center. The inspection server performed specific operations such as traffic flow inspection and traffic filtering. The company wants to have the same functionalities in the AWS Cloud.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Use Amazon GuardDuty for traffic inspection and traffic filtering in the production VPC.
b)
Use Traffic Mirroring to mirror traffic from the production VPC for traffic inspection and filtering.
c)
Use AWS Network Firewall to create the required rules for traffic inspection and traffic filtering for the production VPC.
d)
Use AWS Firewall Manager to create the required rules for traffic inspection and traffic filtering for the production VPC.
48.
A company hosts a data lake on AWS. The data lake consists of data in Amazon S3 and Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The company needs a reporting solution that provides data visualization and includes all the data sources within the data lake. Only the company's management team should have full access to all the visualizations. The rest of the company should have only limited access.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Create an analysis in Amazon QuickSight. Connect all the data sources and create new datasets. Publish dashboards to visualize the data. Share the dashboards with the appropriate IAM roles.
b)
Create an analysis in Amazon QuickSight. Connect all the data sources and create new datasets. Publish dashboards to visualize the data. Share the dashboards with the appropriate users and groups.
c)
Create an AWS Glue table and crawler for the data in Amazon S3. Create an AWS Glue extract, transform, and load (ETL) job to produce reports. Publish the reports to Amazon S3. Use S3 bucket policies to limit access to the reports.
d)
Create an AWS Glue table and crawler for the data in Amazon S3. Use Amazon Athena Federated Query to access data within Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. Generate reports by using Amazon Athena. Publish the reports to Amazon S3. Use S3 bucket policies to limit access to the reports.
49.
A company is implementing a new business application. The application runs on two Amazon EC2 instances and uses an Amazon S3 bucket for document storage. A solutions architect needs to ensure that the EC2 instances can access the S3 bucket.
What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement?
a)
Create an IAM role that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the role to the EC2 instances.
b)
Create an IAM policy that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the policy to the EC2 instances.
c)
Create an IAM group that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the group to the EC2 instances.
d)
Create an IAM user that grants access to the S3 bucket. Attach the user account to the EC2 instances.
50.
An application development team is designing a microservice that will convert large images to smaller, compressed images. When a user uploads an image through the web interface, the microservice should store the image in an Amazon S3 bucket, process and compress the image with an AWS Lambda function, and store the image in its compressed form in a different S3 bucket.
A solutions architect needs to design a solution that uses durable, stateless components to process the images automatically.
Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
a)
Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Configure the S3 bucket to send a notification to the SQS queue when an image is uploaded to the S3 bucket.
b)
Configure the Lambda function to use the Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as the invocation source. When the SQS message is successfully processed, delete the message in the queue.
c)
Configure the Lambda function to monitor the S3 bucket for new uploads. When an uploaded image is detected, write the file name to a text file in memory and use the text file to keep track of the images that were processed.
d)
Launch an Amazon EC2 instance to monitor an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. When items are added to the queue, log the file name in a text file on the EC2 instance and invoke the Lambda function.
e)
Configure an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) event to monitor the S3 bucket. When an image is uploaded, send an alert to an Amazon ample Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic with the application owner's email address for further processing.
51.
A company has a three-tier web application that is deployed on AWS. The web servers are deployed in a public subnet in a VPC. The application servers and database servers are deployed in private subnets in the same VPC. The company has deployed a third-party virtual firewall appliance from AWS Marketplace in an inspection VPC. The appliance is configured with an IP interface that can accept IP packets.
A solutions architect needs to integrate the web application with the appliance to inspect all traffic to the application before the traffic reaches the web server.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
a)
Create a Network Load Balancer in the public subnet of the application's VPC to route the traffic to the appliance for packet inspection.
b)
Create an Application Load Balancer in the public subnet of the application's VPC to route the traffic to the appliance for packet inspection.
c)
Deploy a transit gateway in the inspection VPConfigure route tables to route the incoming packets through the transit gateway.
d)
Deploy a Gateway Load Balancer in the inspection VPC. Create a Gateway Load Balancer endpoint to receive the incoming packets and forward the packets to the appliance.
52.
A company wants to improve its ability to clone large amounts of production data into a test environment in the same AWS Region. The data is stored in Amazon EC2 instances on Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes. Modifications to the cloned data must not affect the production environment. The software that accesses this data requires consistently high I/O performance.
A solutions architect needs to minimize the time that is required to clone the production data into the test environment.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Restore the snapshots onto EC2 instance store volumes in the test environment.
b)
Configure the production EBS volumes to use the EBS Multi-Attach feature. Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Attach the production EBS volumes to the EC2 instances in the test environment.
c)
Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Create and initialize new EBS volumes. Attach the new EBS volumes to EC2 instances in the test environment before restoring the volumes from the production EBS snapshots.
d)
Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Turn on the EBS fast snapshot restore feature on the EBS snapshots. Restore the snapshots into new EBS volumes. Attach the new EBS volumes to EC2 instances in the test environment.
53.
An ecommerce company wants to launch a one-deal-a-day website on AWS. Each day will feature exactly one product on sale for a period of 24 hours. The company wants to be able to handle millions of requests each hour with millisecond latency during peak hours.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
a)
Use Amazon S3 to host the full website in different S3 buckets. Add Amazon CloudFront distributions. Set the S3 buckets as origins for the distributions. Store the order data in Amazon S3.
b)
Deploy the full website on Amazon EC2 instances that run in Auto Scaling groups across multiple Availability Zones. Add an Application Load Balancer (ALB) to distribute the website traffic. Add another ALB for the backend APIs. Store the data in Amazon RDS for MySQL.
c)
Migrate the full application to run in containers. Host the containers on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). Use the Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler to increase and decrease the number of pods to process bursts in traffic. Store the data in Amazon RDS for MySQL.
d)
Use an Amazon S3 bucket to host the website's static content. Deploy an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Set the S3 bucket as the origin. Use Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda functions for the backend APIs. Store the data in Amazon DynamoDB.
54.
A solutions architect is using Amazon S3 to design the storage architecture of a new digital media application. The media files must be resilient to the loss of an Availability Zone. Some files are accessed frequently while other files are rarely accessed in an unpredictable pattern. The solutions architect must minimize the costs of storing and retrieving the media files.
Which storage option meets these requirements?
a)
S3 Standard
b)
S3 Intelligent-Tiering
c)
S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA)
d)
S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)
55.
A company is storing backup files by using Amazon S3 Standard storage. The files are accessed frequently for 1 month. However, the files are not accessed after 1 month. The company must keep the files indefinitely.
Which storage solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
a)
Configure S3 Intelligent-Tiering to automatically migrate objects.
b)
Create an S3 Lifecycle configuration to transition objects from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 month.
c)
Create an S3 Lifecycle configuration to transition objects from S3 Standard to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 1 month.
d)
Create an S3 Lifecycle configuration to transition objects from S3 Standard to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) after 1 month.
56.
A company observes an increase in Amazon EC2 costs in its most recent bill. The billing team notices unwanted vertical scaling of instance types for a couple of EC2 instances. A solutions architect needs to create a graph comparing the last 2 months of EC2 costs and perform an in-depth analysis to identify the root cause of the vertical scaling.
How should the solutions architect generate the information with the LEAST operational overhead?
a)
Use AWS Budgets to create a budget report and compare EC2 costs based on instance types.
b)
Use Cost Explorer's granular filtering feature to perform an in-depth analysis of EC2 costs based on instance types.
c)
Use graphs from the AWS Billing and Cost Management dashboard to compare EC2 costs based on instance types for the last 2 months.
d)
Use AWS Cost and Usage Reports to create a report and send it to an Amazon S3 bucket. Use Amazon QuickSight with Amazon S3 as a source to generate an interactive graph based on instance types.
57.
A company is designing an application. The application uses an AWS Lambda function to receive information through Amazon API Gateway and to store the information in an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database.
During the proof-of-concept stage, the company has to increase the Lambda quotas significantly to handle the high volumes of data that the company needs to load into the database. A solutions architect must recommend a new design to improve scalability and minimize the configuration effort.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Refactor the Lambda function code to Apache Tomcat code that runs on Amazon EC2 instances. Connect the database by using native Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) drivers.
b)
Change the platform from Aurora to Amazon DynamoDProvision a DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) cluster. Use the DAX client SDK to point the existing DynamoDB API calls at the DAX cluster.
c)
Set up two Lambda functions. Configure one function to receive the information. Configure the other function to load the information into the database. Integrate the Lambda functions by using Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS).
d)
Set up two Lambda functions. Configure one function to receive the information. Configure the other function to load the information into the database. Integrate the Lambda functions by using an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.
58.
A company needs to review its AWS Cloud deployment to ensure that its Amazon S3 buckets do not have unauthorized configuration changes.
What should a solutions architect do to accomplish this goal?
a)
Turn on AWS Config with the appropriate rules.
b)
Turn on AWS Trusted Advisor with the appropriate checks.
c)
Turn on Amazon Inspector with the appropriate assessment template.
d)
Turn on Amazon S3 server access logging. Configure Amazon EventBridge (Amazon Cloud Watch Events).
59.
A company is launching a new application and will display application metrics on an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard. The company's product manager needs to access this dashboard periodically. The product manager does not have an AWS account. A solutions architect must provide access to the product manager by following the principle of least privilege.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Share the dashboard from the CloudWatch console. Enter the product manager's email address, and complete the sharing steps. Provide a shareable link for the dashboard to the product manager.
b)
Create an IAM user specifically for the product manager. Attach the CloudWatchReadOnlyAccess AWS managed policy to the user. Share the new login credentials with the product manager. Share the browser URL of the correct dashboard with the product manager.
c)
Create an IAM user for the company's employees. Attach the ViewOnlyAccess AWS managed policy to the IAM user. Share the new login credentials with the product manager. Ask the product manager to navigate to the CloudWatch console and locate the dashboard by name in the Dashboards section.
d)
Deploy a bastion server in a public subnet. When the product manager requires access to the dashboard, start the server and share the RDP credentials. On the bastion server, ensure that the browser is configured to open the dashboard URL with cached AWS credentials that have appropriate permissions to view the dashboard.
60.
A company provides a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service that uses UDP connections. The service consists of Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group. The company has deployments across multiple AWS Regions.
The company needs to route users to the Region with the lowest latency. The company also needs automated failover between Regions.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
a)
Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Use the NLB as an AWS Global Accelerator endpoint in each Region.
b)
Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Use the ALB as an AWS Global Accelerator endpoint in each Region.
c)
Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Create an Amazon Route 53 latency record that points to aliases for each NLB. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the latency record as an origin.
d)
Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Create an Amazon Route 53 weighted record that points to aliases for each ALB. Deploy an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the weighted record as an origin.
61.
A development team runs monthly resource-intensive tests on its general purpose Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance with Performance Insights enabled. The testing lasts for 48 hours once a month and is the only process that uses the database. The team wants to reduce the cost of running the tests without reducing the compute and memory attributes of the DB instance.
Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
a)
Stop the DB instance when tests are completed. Restart the DB instance when required.
b)
Use an Auto Scaling policy with the DB instance to automatically scale when tests are completed.
c)
Create a snapshot when tests are completed. Terminate the DB instance and restore the snapshot when required.
d)
Modify the DB instance to a low-capacity instance when tests are completed. Modify the DB instance again when required.
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