Many studies indicate that teacher–student relationships and the quality of teaching make a difference. Based on findings from such studies, which of the following second-grade students is likely to benefit most from good teaching?

Mr. Lopez wants to integrate mindfulness breaks into his high school algebra class to reduce student stress. Research suggests that such practices typically lead to:

According to Robert Pianta’s research-based model of good teaching, three domains of teacher-student interactions in the classroom relate to development and learning. These domains include emotional support and instructional support. What is the other domain?

Which of the following questions is most likely addressed by knowledge of educational psychology?

In Austin Foley’s research, he is collecting data in high schools in 10 school districts. He is using surveys to learn the types of support APA physics students prefer from their teachers in physics lab. What type of research is Austin conducting?

A researcher follows the same group of preschool children from ages 3 to 10, collecting data every year on their language development. This type of research is called:

Bethany has taught language arts at Sanchez Middle School for two years. As she reflects and plans for the coming year, she reads a note she made to herself when she taught the persuasive writing unit. The students struggled with persuasion, and Bethany wants to find a better way to teach the unit. She has two ideas and wants to put them to the test to see which is more effective. What do you recommend?

Ms. Jordan believes using cooperative learning groups will lead to better peer relationships in her classroom. Before collecting data, she states this prediction clearly. In the research cycle, Ms. Jordan has formulated:

Ayo’s parents are from Nigeria but emigrated to the U.S. before Ayo was born. Ayo’s dad is a medical doctor in a Houston suburb, and his mom has an art gallery in the city. Ayo attends an elite private high school and is one of the top players on his school’s basketball team. Based on this information and the textbook’s definition of culture, what is the best description of Ayo’s cultural affiliations?

Discrimination is one of the elements of prejudice. Discrimination is the element that deals with a person’s:

Which of the following best illustrates the hidden influence of culture?

Ella is the only girl in her computer science class. She feels anxious taking tests because she worries her teacher will think girls aren’t as good at coding as boys. This is an example of:

A societal designation of upper, middle, working, or lower class based on income, power, background, and prestige is called:

Tariq feels school is meaningless because most of his peers from higher-income families talk about college, while he doubts it will ever be an option for him. He avoids studying because he doesn’t want to “act like them.” This attitude best reflects:

Ms. Dominguez is the principal at a secondary school in an impoverished community. All students in her school come from low-income or poverty level families. What advice should Ms. Dominguez give her teachers to improve the effectiveness of teaching these students?

Which of the following terms relates to shared cultural characteristics such as common history, religion, traditions, and language?

Dana is nervous about the upcoming physics exam. She is the only girl in the class and has achieved higher scores on the assignments than most of the boys in class. She knows the boys think they’re smarter and better at applying principles of physics. In this situation, Dana’s nervousness is an example of:

KT is a sixteen-year-old girl who describes herself as someone who loves sports, sees herself as less feminine than the other girls, and hangs out with the jocks at school. This self-description is directly associated with her:

During the fourth week of school, Mrs. Brown noticed that Garrett, a student in her second-year French class, was being ostracized by the other students. She continued to observe nonverbal behaviors, making sure that she treated all students equally. Two weeks later, Garrett met with Mrs. Brown after school and told her that he felt uncomfortable in class, suspected the other students recognized his attraction to another male student, and feared being discovered. Which of the following responses from Mrs. Brown is likely to help Garrett in this situation?

Each of the following children is undergoing change. Which of these changes fits the description of cognitive development?

Peyton’s language skills are developing rapidly, and he seems to add several new words to his vocabulary every day. What is responsible for this development in a two-year-old?

Which of the following children has most likely reached the concrete operational stage of cognitive development according to Piaget’s four stages?

Sherita is just beginning to grasp the concept of conservation. She is most likely in what stage of development?

After seeing a dolphin for the first time, Sam calls it a “big fish.” Piaget would say Sam is demonstrating:

Which theorist or group of theorists promoted the idea that knowledge is co-constructed during social interactions?

Nick is doing his sixth-grade homework in history. The task requires him to make two maps of his state and compare the two maps. One map represents the state in 1850 and the other represents the state in current times. Nick is working at the task, following the instructions, and feeling that he can complete it successfully. He does need to ask the teacher one question before he finishes. Which of the following terms best describes the relationship of this assignment to Nick’s level of performance?

Sophia talks to herself while solving a difficult math problem. According to Piaget, this private speech:

Which example best illustrates a teacher scaffolding learning for students?

Nine-year-old Connor is curious about technology and wants to become an engineer. Due to changes in federal legislation, his school received a large grant that funds a special technology program. Connor is particularly excited to be one of the participants in the program. According to Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model, the legislative changes took place in which social/cultural ecosystem?

Mr. Lytle called Brenna’s mother to discuss Brenna’s classroom behavior and get parental support to help Brenna learn self-control. Brenna uses aggressive behavior to get her way, and today she pushed Liam and caused him to fall. Mr. Lytle instructed Brenna to take time out from the group, and he talked to her privately. Brenna’s mother responded to Mr. Lytle by saying, “Brenna’s that way. She doesn’t realize how strong she is. She’s really a sweet girl. She’ll grow out of it.” The parenting style in Brenna’s microsystem is most likely:

After his parents’ divorce, Ben moves between two households every week. According to Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model, this change affects Ben’s:

When Ava wants to go to a late-night party, her parents refuse but explain their reasons and suggest a compromise for a daytime event. Their parenting style is:

Levi is like most other children in elementary school, learning new skills and coming to some understanding of his abilities in comparison to the abilities of peers. Based on Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, which developmental crisis is Levi learning to resolve?

Which of the following quotes is a statement of self-concept?

Maya is exploring different career paths, joining clubs, and talking to professionals in fields she finds interesting. She hasn’t made a final choice yet. According to Erikson, Maya is in the stage of:

Which adolescent shows identity foreclosure?

Quin makes sure everyone follows the rules of the game exactly as they are written on the box. His sister insists that they can alter the rules to make the game go faster, but Quin refuses to consider such a change. He tells her no one can win if they don’t follow the rules. According to Kohlberg’s stages of moral reasoning, what level of moral development is Quin demonstrating?

Which of the following students is LEAST likely to cheat on the upcoming calculus test?

Which child demonstrates the most advanced theory of mind?