Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a theory?

What is the focus of psychodynamic theories?

Who is associated with the concept of the Id, Ego, and Superego?

What does the 'O' in OCEAN stand for in the Big Five Personality Traits?

Which theory emphasizes the importance of free will and personal growth?

What is the main focus of biological-evolutionary theory?

Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five Personality Traits?

What is a hypothesis?

What does the term 'falsifiable' mean in the context of a theory?

Which cluster includes the Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

What is the primary focus of the humanistic-existential theories?

What is the main characteristic of avoidant personality disorder?

What does the term 'determinism' refer to?

Which of the following is a method used to access the unconscious mind?

What is the primary focus of the latency stage in Freud's psychosexual development?

What is the primary conflict during the anal stage of development?

What does the term 'sublimation' refer to in defense mechanisms?

What is the primary focus of the genital stage in Freud's theory?

What is the main characteristic of the superego?

What is the primary focus of the phallic stage?

What does 'repression' mean in the context of defense mechanisms?

What is the primary focus of the 'Id' in Freud's model?

What is the main characteristic of the 'Ego'?

What is the primary focus of the 'Thanatos' instinct?

What is the main purpose of reinforcement schedules in learning theories?

What is the primary focus of the 'reality anxiety'?

What is the main characteristic of the 'histrionic personality disorder'?

What is the primary focus of the 'anal retentive' personality?

What is the main characteristic of the 'narcissistic personality disorder'?

What is the primary focus of the 'dependent personality disorder'?

Maria’s dog, whom she has had since childhood, passed away. When her friends ask her how she's coping, she calmly explains the biological process of decomposition and the statistical likelihood of an animal of that breed and age dying from the specific illness. She avoids any mention of her feelings of sadness.

Despite multiple medical tests and a doctor's confirmed diagnosis of a serious, chronic illness, a patient refuses to believe the results. He insists that the lab must have mixed up his blood work and that the doctor is incompetent.

A 40-year-old man who is under immense pressure at work and facing a possible layoff starts to frequently use a childlike voice when talking to his wife and insists on eating only "kid-friendly" foods like chicken nuggets and macaroni and cheese.

A soldier witnesses a horrific event in combat. A year later, he can't recall any details of the battle, even though he was a key witness. He feels no anxiety or emotional distress related to the event, but he has been experiencing unexplained panic attacks.

During a session, a therapist asks their patient to lie down and say whatever comes to their mind, no matter how trivial, embarrassing, or seemingly nonsensical. The therapist believes that this process will bypass the patient’s conscious mind and reveal repressed thoughts and feelings. Which psychoanalytic technique is the therapist using?

A man who is secretly angry at his boss is attending a company meeting. When he means to say, 'We have a great report from the sales department,' he accidentally says, 'We have a hate report from the sales department.' A Freudian analyst would consider this an expression of his unconscious thoughts. What is this common type of mistake called?

A patient undergoing therapy is resistant to discussing a particular traumatic childhood event. To bypass the conscious defense mechanisms, the therapist uses a technique to induce a relaxed, trance-like state, believing it will allow the patient to access and confront the repressed memory directly. This technique is known as:

Stuck in a boring and repetitive job, Jane spends most of her workday staring out the window, imagining a detailed and exciting future where she's a famous travel writer, exploring exotic locations and living a life of adventure.

Mark, who often has feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem, constantly criticizes his co-workers, pointing out their small mistakes and flaws in public meetings. He accuses them of being unprofessional and incompetent, though he's the one who's often late with his reports.

Alex is always suspicious of everyone. He thinks his coworkers are secretly plotting against him and that his neighbors are spying on him. He refuses to trust anyone and sees harmless comments as insults. He doesn't have any strange visions or beliefs, he just thinks everyone is out to get him. Which personality disorder does this sound like?

Leika works alone in her office and doesn't seem to care about making friends. She never goes to company parties and politely turns down any invitations. She's not shy or afraid of people; she just seems happier being by herself. What personality disorder does this behavior fit with?

Daniel likes to dress in odd, mismatched clothes and has a very peculiar way of talking. He tells you that he can read minds and that his paintings are a way for him to communicate with spirits. He feels very awkward and uncomfortable in social situations, and people tend to keep their distance because of his strange behavior. Which personality disorder is the most likely diagnosis?

Xandie is a 30-year-old woman who still lives with her parents. She struggles to make any decisions on her own, from what to wear to what job to take, without getting her mother's approval first. She is terrified of being on her own and has a history of staying in bad relationships just so she won't be alone. Which personality disorder is the most likely diagnosis?

Mike is a software developer who insists that every single line of code be 'perfect,' even if it means missing deadlines. He is so focused on his strict routines that he rarely socializes or does anything for fun. He can't stand when others don't follow his exact way of doing things, and he has a hard time throwing anything away. Which personality disorder is the most likely diagnosis?

At every party, Jarish makes sure she is the star of the show. She laughs loudly, wears flashy clothes, and tells exaggerated stories to get everyone's attention. She acts as if her normal friendships are deep and special relationships and can be very flirtatious with everyone. What personality disorder does this sound like?

Kristian is a boss who believes he is more important and more talented than everyone else. He takes all the credit for his team's success but blames them for all mistakes. He often makes fun of his employees behind their backs and doesn't care about their feelings. Which personality disorder is most likely?

Sofie has a long history of lying to her family and friends to get what she wants. She once stole money from a friend without feeling any guilt and often manipulates their romantic partners. She doesn't seem to care about rules and has a history of getting into fights and breaking the law. Which personality disorder is the most likely diagnosis?

Ka-yi often has very dramatic and explosive fights with her boyfriend. One day she tells him, 'You're the only person who loves me,' and the next day she accuses him of abandoning her and cuts off all contact. She often makes rash decisions, like suddenly quitting her job or going on huge shopping sprees. What personality disorder is this most likely to be?

Kaycee is an artist who dreams of having her work shown in a gallery, but she’s too scared to even try. She's terrified of her work being criticized or judged by others. She avoids art classes and social events in the art community, even though she desperately wants to make friends there. Which personality disorder is the most likely diagnosis?