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WorksheetsUnit 1 Test: Elements, Compounds, and Solutions (ALL QUESTIONS)
Total questions: 43
Worksheet time: 28mins
Recall the bath fizzy that bubbled in warm water at the beginning of the chapter. One main ingredient of a bath fizzy is baking soda, NaHCO3. What elements make up this compound?
Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Cobalt
Sodium, Hydrogen, Cobalt
Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen
Sodium, Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen
All substances are made of two or more types of elements.
True
False
Use the periodic table to identify the atoms in the chemical formula AgNO₃ as well as the number of each kind of atom.
1 Silver, 1 Nitrogen, 1 Oxygen
1 Silver, 1 Nitrogen, 3 Oxygen
1 Silver, 3 Nitrogen, 3 Oxygen
3 Silver, 3 Nitrogen, 3 Oxygen
Which is an example of an element?
air
water
sodium
Sugar
How many compounds, elements, and atoms are present in magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)₂?
1 compound, 3 elements, and 5 atoms
2 compounds, 3 elements, and 6 atoms
1 compound, 2 elements, and 5 atoms
2 compounds, 3 elements, and 5 atoms
While on a hike in a forest, you observe the following changes as described in Table 1. Which change would be classified as a chemical change?
Change 1
Change 2
Change 3
Change 4
Which statement supports the claim that combining sodium and chlorine to make salt is a chemical change?
Salt has the same chemical and physical properties as chlorine.
Salt has the same chemical and physical properties as sodium.
Sodium and chlorine have different chemical and physical properties.
Salt has different chemical properties than sodium and chlorine.
The model shows the change that occurs when two substances are mixed. How would this change be classified?
As a chemical change because a new substance is formed.
As a chemical change because a new substance is not formed.
As a physical change because a new substance is formed.
As a physical change because a new substance is not formed.
Recall the bath fizzy that bubbled in warm water at the beginning of the chapter. The solute in the aqueous solution is ______ and the solvent is ______.
the bath bomb; water
water; the bath bomb
the bath bomb; salt
salt; water
If more solvent is added to an aqueous solution, what happens to the concentration?
The volume decreases, the amount of solute remains the same, and the concentration decreases.
The volume increases, the amount of solute remains the same, and the concentration decreases.
The volume increases, the amount of solute increases, and the concentration increases.
The volume decreases, the amount of solute increases, and the concentration increases.
Will an aqueous solution stay an aqueous solution if we swap one solute for another solute?
Yes, because the solvent is water in both solutions.
No, because the solvent and solute create the solution.
Yes, because every solute is dissolved in any solvent.
No, because this changes the solution that is created.
Which process does NOT increase the rate that the dye powder will dissolve in water?
adding more powder
creating more surface area
increasing temperature
stirring more
Which can change the solubility of a solid in a liquid?
crushing the solute
stirring the solute
increasing the pressure of the solution
decreasing the temperature of the solution
Last week Antonio had a delicious cold, iced sweet tea from the corner store. This week he decided to make sweet tea at home. Antonio added two sugar cubes to a glass, then ice, cold water, and finally a tea bag. Antonio stirred the glass, and sugar remained at the bottom. Evaluate the steps he took. What should he have done to make the tea sweeter?
He should have added less sugar as it will not dissolve because it has reached its solubility point.
He should have put the ice in first, followed by the tea bag, and then the water. The sugar should have been added last as it has a larger surface area than the cubes.
He should have added more sugar at the end in order to increase the sweetness of the drink because this way he would know how much to add.
He should have started with hot water before adding the tea bag and sugar granules. Then, he should have stirred before finally adding ice.
Which pair of elements is matched with the correct chemical symbols?
Fluorine, F, and Argon, Ag
Fluorine, F, and Iodine, I
Sulfur, Su, and Bromine, Br
Nitrogen, Ni, and Argon, Ar
Which of the set of actions is more likely to increase the rate of dissolution of a pill in water?
hot water, crush pill, stir constantly
hot water, crush pill, stir occasionally
hot water, cut pill in half, stir constantly
warm water, crush pill, stir at the beginning
The diagram shows one molecule of caffeine. A caffeine molecule has 8 atoms of ________________ , 10 atoms of ________________ , 4 atoms of ________________ , and ______ atoms of ___________________.
8 atoms of carbon, 10 atoms of hydrogen, 4 atoms of nitrogen, and 2 atoms of oxygen.
8 atoms of hydrogen, 10 atoms of carbon, 4 atoms of oxygen, and 2 atoms of nitrogen.
8 atoms of nitrogen, 10 atoms of oxygen, 4 atoms of carbon, and 2 atoms of hydrogen.
8 atoms of oxygen, 10 atoms of nitrogen, 4 atoms of hydrogen, and 2 atoms of carbon.
Scientists commonly work with corrosive acids in the laboratory, being careful to wear gloves and safety goggles or respirators to protect their skin and airways. Other acids are much weaker and are even found in common foods and drinks.
The following table lists the names, chemical formulas, and common uses for four different acids.
Perchloric acid contains sulfur atoms.
Acetic acid contains the most atoms.
A molecule of sulfuric acid contains one hydrogen atom.
Carbonic acid is the main ingredient in vinegar.
Reference the following two drawings: Which of the following statements is true?
The element square from the periodic table with atomic number 7 is nitrogen.
Both the element square and the atom drawing represent the same element.
The atom drawing shown is nitrogen.
None of these statements is true.
Reference the following four drawings of different atoms.
a. Al, Ar, As, Na
b. Ar, As, Na, Al
c. Na, Al, Ar, As
d. Na, Al, As, Ar
A (a) dissolved in a (b) creates a (c) . The (d) is present in greater amount than the (e) .
The chemical formula for chocolate is C7H8N4O2. Use a periodic table to identify the types and number of each atom that makes up C7H8N4O2.
7 carbon atoms, 8 hydrogen atoms, 4 nitrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms
7 cobalt atoms, 8 hydrogen atoms, 4 nitrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms
7 carbon atoms, 8 helium atoms, 4 nitrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms
7 cobalt atoms, 8 helium atoms, 4 neon atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
blending milk and a banana to make a smoothy
breaking a rock
rotting banana
hammering metal into a sheet
Examine the following four figures showing solutions containing different amounts of a solute dissolved in different amounts of water. Which of the following statements is true?
Solution A is more concentrated than Solution B.
Solution B is more concentrated than Solution D.
Solution D is the most concentrated of the four solutions.
Solutions A and C have equal concentrations.
A chemist is investigating the effect of temperature and stirring on the rate of dissolution of a solid. She places 10g of the solid in each test tube and places the test tubes in the conditions summarized in the following table. She then records how long it takes for the solid to dissolve.
What can you conclude from these results?
Higher temperature and stirring both affect the rate of dissolution, but temperature has a stronger effect.
Higher temperature and stirring both affect the rate of dissolution, but stirring has a stronger effect.
Higher temperature and stirring both affect the rate of dissolution about the same amount.
Higher temperatures increase the rate of dissolution and stirring has no effect.
A student carried out four experiments combining two liquids. The table summarizes the liquids and solids that were combined and the student’s observations.
Which experiment is most likely caused by a chemical change?
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
Experiment 3
Experiment 4
There are many steps to making an omelette. Which of the following steps are a chemical change in matter?
Melt butter in a pan.
Warm up eggs after they are taken out of the fridge.
Beat the eggs with a fork.
Cook eggs.
Crack the eggs into a bowl.
Nitrate, NO3, is an important component of many fertilizers. Use the periodic table to identify the types of atoms that make up NO3.
nickel and oganesson
nickel and oxygen
nitrogen and oganesson
nitrogen and oxygen
Examine the following two figures. Each solution consists of 50g of NaNO3 dissolved in water.
Which of the following statements is true?
Solution B is more concentrated than Solution A.
Both solutions have equal concentrations.
None of the statements are true.
Solution A is more concentrated than Solution B.
Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding solutions?
A solution is a mixture.
In a solution, a solute dissolves in a solvent.
In a solution, the solute and solvent are chemically combined.
Solutions may have color or be colorless.
People who are lactose intolerant can take a lactase pill before having milk or milk products. Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, the sugar in milk. Your friend wonders if it is better to take Brand X lactase, which recommends taking one large pill, or Brand Y lactase, which recommends taking two smaller pills. The pills are identical, except for their size. Therefore, the amount of lactase is the same for 1 pill of Brand X and 2 pills of Brand Y. What do you suggest to your friend if he wants the pills to dissolve quickly so they act faster?
Take Brand X, because the larger pill has a greater surface area than the two smaller pills from Brand Y so they will dissolve faster.
Take Brand X, because the larger pill has a smaller surface area than the two smaller pills from Brand Y so they will dissolve faster.
Take Brand Y, because two smaller pills have a greater surface area than the single pill from Brand X so they will dissolve faster.
Take Brand Y, because two smaller pills have a smaller surface area than the single pill from Brand X so they will dissolve faster.
Refer to the drawing of a burning candle. What types of changes to matter are occurring?
physical change
chemical change
both a physical and a chemical change
You are making dinner and need to dissolve salt into your pot of water before you start cooking your pasta. The salt is dissolving at a slow pace. What could you do to speed up the rate at which the salt is dissolving?
put larger salt particles in the water
heat the water to a higher temperature
completely stop stirring the pot of water
slow down the speed at which you are stirring
A scientist combines a solution that is 40 percent helium gas and 60 percent nitrogen gas. Which gas is the solute, and which is the solvent?
helium is the solvent and nitrogen is the solute
nitrogen is the solvent and helium is the solute
The diagram shows molecules of a substance. Which diagram accurately shows the result of a physical change in this substance?
What atoms are present in the compound represented by the chemical formula, Al₃(PO₄)₂?
3 atoms of aluminum, 1 atom of phosphorus, and 4 atoms of oxygen
3 atoms of aluminum, 2 atoms of phosphorus, and 8 atoms of oxygen
3 atoms of aluminum, 1 atom of potassium, and 4 atoms of oxygen
1 atom of aluminum, 2 atoms of potassium, and 8 atoms of oxygen
How does a molecule of an element differ from a molecule of a compound?
Molecules of an element contain one atom, but molecules of a compound contain two or more atoms.
Molecules of an element can be separated easily, but it is difficult to separate the molecules of a compound.
Molecules of an element only form gases, but molecules of a compound can exist in three different states of matter.
Molecules of an element contain only one type of atom, but molecules of a compound are composed of two or more types of atoms.
Magnesium hydroxide is a compound comprised of magnesium (Mg), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). The chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide is Mg(OH)2. What combination of atoms does this formula represent?
1 magnesium, 1 oxygen, and 1 hydrogen atom
1 magnesium, 1 oxygen, and 2 hydrogen atoms
1 magnesium, 2 oxygen, and 2 hydrogen atoms
2 magnesium, 2 oxygen, and 2 hydrogen atoms
A solution contains 100 g water, 5g sodium chloride, and 0.2g acetic acid. Which statement correctly identifies the components of this solution?
Water, sodium chloride, and acetic acid are all solutes.
Water and sodium chloride are solvents; acetic acid is a solute.
Water is a solvent; sodium chloride is a solute; acetic acid is neither a solvent nor a solute.
Water is a solvent; sodium chloride and acetic acid are solutes.
Changes to substances can be chemical changes or physical changes. Which of the following examples demonstrates a chemical change?
water boiling to form steam
crystals forming in saltwater as water evaporates
milk becoming sour when it stands on a kitchen counter
sugar dissolving in a cup of hot tea when it is stirred
Classify the following as Chemical Change or a Physical Change.
breaking apart a chocolate bar
boiling water
air drying clothes
melting butter
rusting nail
burning fuel in a car
digesting a chocolate bar
There are many steps to making an omelette. Which of the following steps are a chemical change in matter?
Select all answers that apply.
Crack the eggs into a bowl.
Beat the eggs with a fork.
Cook eggs.
Place the omelette on a plate.
Eat the omelette.
Drag each element characteristic to the appropriate element, represented by its chemical symbol.
cobalt
chromium
atoms have 24 protons
lowest atomic number
highest atomic number
copper
atoms have 29 protons
atoms have 27 protons
