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WorksheetsChemistry: Precision and Design - Test 1 (Chapters 1-2)
Total questions: 74
Worksheet time: 45mins
Matching: Match each element with the correct symbol.
silver
Ag
gold
Au
carbon
C
calcium
Ca
Matching: Match each element with the correct symbol.
iron
Fe
mercury
Hg
iodine
I
silicon
Si
Which limitation of science prevents the study of origins from being true science?
Science provides only approximate descriptions of how the world works.
Science is affected by the bias of scientists.
Science relies on assumptions.
Science can study only created matter and energy in the present.
Who proposed the planetary model of the atom?
William Crookes
J. J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
Wilhelm Wien
What value does the prefix micro- represent?
10−6
10−9
106
109
Which of the following describes the classification of O2?
compound and atom
compound and molecule
element and atom
element and molecule
Which of the following describes the classification of H2O2?
compound and atom
compound and molecule
element and atom
element and molecule
Which state of matter is defined by having a definite volume and the shape of its container?
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
Which state of matter is defined as having no definite shape or volume and being easily compressed?
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
Which of the following quantities does not have any uncertainty?
height of a desk in meters
length of a minute in seconds
mass of a penny in grams
volume of a water bottle in liters
Which of the following is a chemical property?
boiling point
density
hardness
flammability
Which of the following subatomic particles does not have a charge?
electron
proton
neutron
quark
Which subatomic particle was Millikan's oil-drop experiment used to measure the charge of?
electron
proton
neutron
quark
Which of the following subatomic particles is not found in the nucleus?
electron
proton
neutron
quark
Which branch of chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds?
physical chemistry
analytical chemistry
organic chemistry
biochemistry
Which branch of chemistry deals with identifying what substances are present in materials and how much of each substance is present?
physical chemistry
analytical chemistry
organic chemistry
biochemistry
Which of the following is not a principle of Dalton's atomic theory?
Every element consists of indivisible, indestructible particles called atoms.
The mass of an atom is concentrated in the center called the nucleus.
All atoms of a particular element have the same size, mass, and chemical behavior.
The atoms of the elements in a compound are combined in a definite ratio.
How many protons are in 7734Se2-?
34
36
43
77
How many neutrons are in 7734Se2-?
34
36
43
77
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom is the atomic number.
atomic number
atomic mass unit
true
mass number
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
To convert 2.61×105 to ordinary (non-scientific) notation, move the decimal point to the right.
true
left
multiply by 105
divide by 105
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
The law stating that the masses of each element in a given compound always have the same ratio is the law of multiple proportions.
definite composition
conservation of mass
multiple proportions
conservation of energy
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
The value that equals an element's average atomic mass but lacks units is the element's mass number.
atomic weight
atomic number
isotope number
proton number
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
A general explanation of why some part of the universe behaves the way it does is called a theory.
true
hypothesis
law
observation
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
Chemists in two different labs measured the density of different 1 kg samples of iron using the same method; their results were the same to within significant digits. These measurements demonstrate repeatability.
repeatability
accuracy
precision
reproducibility
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
As the temperature of a sample of matter increases, the kinetic energy of its particles will increase.
true
decrease
remain the same
become zero
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
The idea that refers to the consistency or reproducibility of a measurement is precision.
true
accuracy
validity
significance
Which method of separating mixtures involves placing a drop of the mixture to be separated on a piece of absorbent paper and placing one edge of the paper in a suitable chemical solvent?
simple distillation
fractional distillation
chromatography
fractional crystallization
Which method of separating mixtures involves dissolving a solid mixture in a small volume of hot solvent and slowly cooling it?
simple distillation
fractional distillation
chromatography
fractional crystallization
According to the rules for significant digits, what should the answer to the problem 8.7 - 42.50 / 10.0 be rounded to?
4
4.5
4.45
4.450
When defining the problem, an engineer first identified the criteria. What else should he identify in this step of the engineering design process?
tradeoffs
prototypes
blueprints
constraints
By which of the following conversion factors should 102 mL be multiplied to convert it to liters?
1 L / 1000 mL
1000 mL / 1 L
1000 L / 1 mL
1 mL / 1000 L
If 0.000 000 34 is converted to scientific notation, what should the power of ten be?
10−7
10−8
107
108
Which of the following states of matter has the most kinetic energy?
solid
liquid
gas
Which of the following is not a sign of a chemical change?
distinct change in color
change in state
formation of a precipitate
liberation of heat
Which of the following is a physical process?
melting ice
burning wood
cooking an egg
rusting iron
Caleb measured the length of his classroom four times; his results were 8.172m, 8.170m, 8.173m, and 8.175m. Caleb averaged his measurements and reported his answer as 8.1725 m. Did he round his answer correctly according to the rules for significant digits? If not, what should he have rounded to?
He is correct.
He should have rounded to 8.2 m.
He should have rounded to 8.173 m.
He should have rounded to 8.17 m.
Caleb measured the length of his classroom four times; his results were 8.172m, 8.170m, 8.173m, and 8.175m. Caleb's teacher told him that the meter stick he used was actually 1.05 m long. How are the accuracy and precision of his measurements best described?
low accuracy and low precision
low accuracy and high precision
high accuracy and high precision
high accuracy and low precision
In dimensional analysis, what value should a conversion factor always equal?
one
zero
ten
hundred
On what principle do scientists base the assumption that events in the universe have rational causes?
(principle of) causality
(principle of) relativity
(principle of) uncertainty
(principle of) entropy
What theory states that a chemical reaction is the result of rearrangement, combination, or separation of atoms?
(Dalton's) atomic theory
Law of Conservation of Mass
Boyle's Law
Avogadro's Law
What technique separates substances with similar boiling points by boiling the mixture beneath a tall column containing many surfaces on which vapor may condense?
fractional distillation
simple filtration
chromatography
crystallization
What is the central portion of an atom that contains the most of the mass called?
nucleus
electron cloud
proton shell
valence band
What field of science deals with the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and with the changes that matter undergoes?
chemistry
astronomy
geology
physics
What instrument is used to measure atomic mass?
mass spectrometer
voltmeter
barometer
ammeter
What is a substance consisting of two or more pure substances physically mixed but not chemically combined?
mixture
element
compound
solution
Leah analyzed a substance in chemistry lab. She discovered that this substance decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen when electricity is passed through it. Her teacher asked her to classify this substance. How should Leah classify it? Why?
Compound; it consists of more than one element.
Compound; it consists of more than one atom.
Element; it consists of more than one compound.
Element; it consists of more than one atom.
Jason is converting 27 kg to grams. He multiplied by the conversion factor 1 kg/1000 g. Is he correct? Why or why not?
Incorrect; the conversion factor does not equal one.
Incorrect; the conversion factor will not cancel the units.
Correct; the conversion factor does equal one.
Correct; the conversion factor will cancel the units.
Which of the following is the best explanation for why scientists concluded that electrons are part of every atom?
Cathode rays have a negative charge.
Cathode rays cause objects placed in their path to cast a shadow.
Cathode rays cause fluorescence in a cathode ray tube.
Cathode rays have the same properties regardless of cathode material.
David is designing a set for his school play. After discussing the criteria and constraints with the director, he does some research and develops three general design ideas. According to the engineering design process, what is the best thing for David do next?
Build and test a prototype of each design idea.
Determine the budget for building the set.
Choose a design idea based on the criteria and constraints.
Make a tradeoff and begin building the set.
Joshua and three of his friends were asked to find the perimeter of their classroom. Each of his friends measured one side of the room and reported the results to Joshua. The results were 8.3 m, 10. m, 8.35 m, and 10.04 m. Joshua added these values to get 36.69 m. How should Joshua record the result? Why? (1.4)
36.69 m; the greatest number of significant digits in the data is four.
36.69 m; the hundredths place is the last significant place in the most certain measurement.
37 m; the least number of significant digits in the data is two.
37 m; the ones place is the last significant place in the least certain measurement.
Alyssa performed an experiment to test if different types of sugar have different melting points. In her plan, she indicated that her dependent variable would be the types of sugar, and a controlled variable would be the mass of sugar she melted. Which type of variable did she identify incorrectly? What characteristic should this type of variable have?
dependent variable; used to determine the result
dependent variable; changed between groups
controlled variable; kept the same in all groups
controlled variable; used to determine the result
Alyssa performed an experiment to test if different types of sugar have different melting points. In her plan, she indicated that her dependent variable would be the types of sugar, and a controlled variable would be the mass of sugar she melted. In her experiment, Alyssa noticed that white sugar melted and changed to a brown color around 170°C. The sugar remained brown even after it cooled to 25°C and hardened. In her report, Alyssa wrote that this was a chemical change. Is she correct? Why or why not?
Correct; liberation of heat indicates a chemical change.
Correct; distinct color change indicates a chemical change.
Incorrect; change in state indicates a physical change.
Incorrect; reversible change indicates a physical change.
Convert 73oF to the nearest whole degree Celsius.
23oC
58oC
99oC
163oC
A cheetah’s top speed is approximately 74.5 mi/h. What is this speed in meters per second? Round your answer to one decimal place. (a)
12.9 m/s
166.7 m/s
431.6 m/s
Perform the following calculation in scientific notation: 9.73 x 107 + 4.22 x 106. Round your answer to two decimal places. (a)
13.95 x 10^13
Solve the following equation for r; assume that r is always a positive value. (1.4) F = Gm₁m₂ / r²
r = √(Gm₁m₂ / F)
r = Gm₁m₂ / F²
r = F / (Gm₁m₂)
r = √(F / Gm₁m₂)
What is the atomic weight of chlorine if naturally occurring chlorine is 75.76% ³⁵Cl (34.969 u) and 24.24% ³⁷Cl (36.966 u)? Round your answer to two decimal places.
35.45 u
36.00 u
34.50 u
35.00 u
Modified T/F:
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom is the atomic number.
(a)
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
To convert 2.61×105 to ordinary (non-scientific) notation, move the decimal point to the right.
(a)
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
The law stating that the masses of each element in a given compound always have the same ratio is the law of multiple proportions.
(a)
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
The value that equals an element's average atomic mass but lacks units is the element's mass number.
(a)
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
A general explanation of why some part of the universe behaves the way it does is called a theory.
(a)
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
Chemists in two different labs measured the density of different 1 kg samples of iron using the same method; their results were the same to within significant digits. These measurements demonstrate repeatability.
(a)
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
As the temperature of a sample of matter increases, the kinetic energy of its particles will increase.
(a)
If the statement is true, write true in the blank. If it is false, replace the underlined word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true.
The idea that refers to the consistency or reproducibility of a measurement is precision.
(a)
In dimensional analysis, what value should a conversion factor always equal?
(a)
On what principle do scientists base the assumption that events in the universe have rational causes?
(a)
What theory states that a chemical reaction is the result of rearrangement, combination, or separation of atoms?
(a)
What technique separates substances with similar boiling points by boiling the mixture beneath a tall column containing many surfaces on which vapor may condense?
(a)
What is the central portion of an atom that contains the most of the mass called?
(a)
What field of science deals with the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and with the changes that matter undergoes?
(a)
What instrument is used to measure atomic mass?
(a)
What is a substance consisting of two or more pure substances physically mixed but not chemically combined?
(a)
