A type of communication channel that allows data to be transmitted sequentially, one bit at a time.

A local area network in which a node can transmit only when in possession of a sequence of bits (called the token) that is passed to each node in turn.

A communications, cabling, and hardware standard for high-speed optical-fiber networks.

Each type of media has advantages and disadvantages. These are based on the following factors:

RJ-45 stands for ______

A _______ receives a sig., regenerates it. It can retime network signals at the bit level to allow them to travel a longer distance on the media.

Which is true about Passive Hub?

A ________ serves as a physical connection point only. It does not manipulate or view the traffic that crosses it. It does not boost or clean the signal.

It needs power to amplify the incoming signal before passing it out to the other ports.

Which is true about Intelligent Hub?

These devices basically function as active hubs. It also includes a microprocessor chip and diagnostic capabilities.

Electromagnetic waves that travel through the air.

Use radio frequency (RF), laser, infrared (IR), satellite, or microwaves to carry signals between computers without a permanent cable connection.

No need for cabling to the hosts; the only permanent cabling can be to the access points for the network.

Common application of wireless data communication is for mobile use.

Function of a _____ is to connect a host device to the network medium.

______ is a printed circuit board that fits into the expansion slot on the motherboard or peripheral device of a computer. It is also referred to as a network adapter.

______ are classified as Data Link Layer (Layer 2) devices because each _____ carries a unique code called a MAC address.

In a _________, networked computers act as equal partners, or peers. Individual users control their own resources.

Which is true about Peer-to-Peer?

Which is true about Client/server?

Network services are located on a dedicated computer called a server. Servers are designed to handle requests from many clients simultaneously.

Data generated is easier to back-up and maintain.

Type: Data link layer protocol.
Purpose: Establishes direct communication between two nodes.
Features: Supports authentication (PAP, CHAP). Encapsulates multiple protocols (IP, IPX, etc.). Error detection via CRC.
Use Case: Dial-up, DSL links, point-to-point leased lines.
Cabling: Serial cable, Baseband.
Example: Dial-up connections.

A set of standards for digital transmission of voice, video, and data over telephone networks.

Purpose: Replace analog systems with faster, more reliable digital communication.

Two Types: BRI (Basic Rate Interface): 2B + 1D channels (144 kbps total) & PRI (Primary Rate Interface): 23B + 1D (NA) / 30B + 1D (EU).

Advantages: Clearer voice, simultaneous voice & data, faster call setup.

Disadvantages: Slower than broadband, expensive, now outdated.

Cabling: twisted pair (Ethernet), Baseband.

Examples: Old Video Conference, Circuit Switching, based on PBX.

Type: Packet-switched WAN protocol.

Purpose: Efficiently transmits variable-length frames over virtual circuits.

Features: Uses DLCIs (Data Link Connection Identifiers) for virtual connections. Cost-effective for multiple logical connections over one physical link. Less overhead compared to PPP.

Use Case: Enterprise WAN, interconnecting LANs.

 _______ is typically provided by the same provider that provides cable television to their customers. And because it's provided by cable television providers, broadband cable leverages the existing infrastructure from cable tv to cover large geographical areas, especially here in the United States. Cable internet providers offer different packages that vary in speed.

_______ is a high-speed internet connection that uses existing telephone lines. It allows simultaneous use of the internet and telephone services.

A ________ provides high-speed Internet access via the cable TV network. It uses coaxial cable infrastructure to deliver broadband services. Offers faster speeds than DSL in most cases. Always-on connection - no need to dial in. Widely used in residential and commercial areas. Cabling: coaxial, BNC connector, Broadband. Examples: Cable channels, SKY.

______ is a high speed access technology that uses a cable modem with an attached coaxial cable which provides a link to the internet service provider.

• A ______ with an attached coaxial cable provides a link to the internet service provider.

A modem with a built-in switch and wi-fi router all in one.

The ________ router is so that you can connect multiple wired and wireless devices, such as computers, laptops, tablets, to the modem to give them internet access.

You, along with the other homes in your neighborhood, will all have to share a pool of bandwidth that's been provided by your cable provider in your area.

Everyone using DSL has their own _________. It's not a shared line.

_____ offers download speeds anywhere from 5 megabits per second up to 100 megabits per second.

______ is called ______ because the download speed is considerably faster than the upload speed. This type of DSL is mainly used in homes because home users typically download a lot more than upload. _______ is the cheapest form of DSL.

______, as the name implies, has the same download and upload speeds. This type of DSL is typically used in businesses.

______ is a fast form of DSL that also runs over copper wire. Because it uses copper wire, it is only made for short distances. For long distances, it can also use fiber optic cable. ______ is roughly three times faster than ADSL.

_______ offers the fastest internet speeds available today. It has download and upload speeds of 1000 megabits per second. The reason why it is so fast is because it uses light to send data running through fiber optic cable. Fiber optic cable is already used as the backbone of the internet. It can also travel much longer distances than DSL or cable.

Uses light to send data. It is already used as the backbone of the internet. It transmits over a thin glass cable, making it less vulnerable to interference.

DSL and cable transmit data using electricity over ________. Signals in a copper cable can be affected by electromagnetic interference, which can weaken the signal, especially over a long distance.

Signals in a copper cable can be affected by ________ as it travels, which can weaken the signal.

• The older and painfully slow ______ uses phone lines. With ______, you can only go on the internet or talk on the phone one at a time.