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WorksheetsPediatric and Obstetric Nursing Quiz
Total questions: 57
Worksheet time: 29mins
What is PDA (Patent Ductus Arteriosus)?
A hole in the ventricular septum allowing blood to mix
Oxygen-rich blood from the aorta flows back into the lungs, causing extra workload on the right side of the heart and lungs
A condition where the ductus arteriosus closes too early in pregnancy
A narrowing of the aortic valve
Which of the following are signs & symptoms of increased pulmonary blood flow?
Hypotension, Bradycardia, Jaundice
Tachypnea, Poor Feeding, Tachycardia, Activity Intolerance, Developmental Delays
Weight gain, Constipation, Increased appetite
Dehydration, Hypothermia, Anemia
What is the most common congenital heart defect?
PDA
Tetralogy of Fallot
VSD
Aortic Stenosis
When should VSD & PDA close?
Before birth
Within a few hours or up to two weeks after birth
By 1 year of age
By adolescence
What can VSD and PDA cause, and what treatment is used?
Dehydration; treated with IV fluids
Increased lung pressure and possible heart failure; treated with medications, catheter procedure, or surgery
Kidney failure; treated with dialysis
Seizures; treated with antiepileptics
When should murmurs go away in a baby with a healthy heart?
1–2 weeks, sometimes up to 6 months
By age 5
Immediately after birth
Only if treated with surgery
What are TB precautions?
Contact isolation, gloves only
Airborne precautions: negative pressure room, N95 mask, patient wears mask outside, education
Droplet precautions: surgical mask, gown
Standard precautions only
What is the highest risk in Cystic Fibrosis?
Asthma
Chronic lung infections (pneumonia) and respiratory failure
Hypertension
Kidney failure
What is a major aspiration risk for preschoolers (3–5 years)?
Soda and candy
Grapes, detergent pods, and button batteries
Juice boxes
Cereal
What is the immediate emergency intervention for stridor?
Give oral fluids
Immediate intubation
Reassure parents only
Give cough medicine
What is a sign of croup?
High-pitched wheeze
Barking cough
Productive cough with sputum
Hoarse voice only
How do newborns regulate their respiratory system after birth?
Through mechanical ventilation only
By surfactant, physical changes, and neural cues triggering the first breath
By maternal oxygen supply for several hours
By continuous chest compressions
Which infants are most vulnerable to thermoregulation issues?
Full-term infants
Preterm, low birth weight, and sick infants
Infants with large birth weight
Infants born by C-section
What is a common symptom of infection in pediatric patients?
Constipation
Vomiting and fevers
Hypertension
Jaundice only at night
Which complication is associated with infants of mothers with gestational diabetes?
Hypoglycemia, respiratory distress, jaundice, macrosomia
Hypertension, kidney failure, seizures
Cleft palate and cleft lip
Blindness and deafness
What might a bulging fontanel suggest?
Dehydration
High intracranial pressure (e.g., meningitis, hydrocephalus)
Normal development
Vitamin deficiency
Which interventions best support children with Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)?
No intervention needed
Early intervention, speech therapy, and parental support groups
Chemotherapy
Strict bed rest
What is the nursing priority when assessing for abuse in a pediatric setting?
Alerting the parent immediately
Confirm suspicion calmly and prioritize safety without alarming the parent
Ignore suspicion unless severe bruises are present
Document later without action
After a tonsillectomy, what is the highest risk between days 3–5?
Infection only
Hemorrhaging when scabs fall off
Pneumonia
Dehydration
Which flu type is more deadly and often included in vaccines?
Type A
Type B
Type C
Type D
Which pain scale should you use for children 5 years and under?
Numeric 1–10 scale
FACES / FLACC / COMFORT
Visual Analog Scale
Wong-Baker Scale only
What is an example of atraumatic care in pediatrics?
Forcing the child to comply with procedures
Giving them the iPad (distractions) to reduce trauma
Ignoring the child’s fears
Restraining the child without consent
Which of the following helps prevent ear infections in children?
Bottle propping and pacifier use
Breastfeeding, feeding upright, vaccines, no smoking
Laying babies flat after feeding
Giving honey under 1 year old
What nutrient helps burns heal faster?
Carbohydrates
Protein
Fat
Iron
Reye syndrome is linked with which medication in children?
Ibuprofen
Aspirin
Acetaminophen
Antibiotics
How do you calculate Naegele’s rule for EDD (Estimated Delivery Date)?
Add 6 months and 10 days to LMP
Subtract 3 months, add 7 days, then add 1 year to LMP
Add 9 months to conception date
Subtract 2 weeks from last missed period
Which are positive signs of pregnancy?
Amenorrhea, breast changes, N/V
Positive urine pregnancy test
Fetal heart tones, fetal movement palpated/seen by examiner, ultrasound visualization
Chadwick and Hegar signs
What are the stages of labor?
Only dilation and birth
Latent → Active → Delivery → Recovery
Four stages: dilation, pushing, placenta delivery, first 2 hours postpartum
Pregnancy, labor, recovery
A patient in 4th stage of labor with episiotomy requires which nursing intervention?
Give antibiotics immediately
Frequent checks every 15 min for 1 hour, ice packs 20–30 min on/off
Encourage ambulation
Insert foley catheter
Which intervention increases space in a woman’s pelvis during labor?
Ambulating frequently
Keeping bladder empty by encouraging regular urination
Epidural placement
Side-lying only
A mother feels the urge to push. What should the nurse do?
Encourage pushing immediately
Encourage her only if the provider is present
Tell her to hold her breath
Give pain medication first
What stage of labor is from delivery of the baby through delivery of the placenta?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
What should the nurse do if a patient is experiencing a precipitous delivery?
Leave to get the provider
Stay in the room and prepare for labor
Administer general anesthesia
Encourage walking
Which interventions help prevent preterm birth?
Cervical cerclage, antibiotics, progesterone therapy, tocolytics, bed rest
Vitamin supplements only
Oxygen and fluids only
Walking daily
Which medication prevents preterm labor?
Magnesium sulfate
Tocolytics
Oxytocin
Indomethacin
What is a major complication of preterm birth?
Hypertension
Respiratory distress
Hypoglycemia
Constipation
How do you know when a cerclage has been effective?
Patient delivers preterm but healthy
Patient completes a term pregnancy
Patient avoids pain
Cervix stays dilated
What does fetal station measure?
Position of baby’s head to cervix dilation
Relationship of presenting fetal part to maternal ischial spines
Maternal pelvic size
Duration of contractions
What is a normal fetal heart rate?
80–100 bpm
100–120 bpm
110–160 bpm
170–200 bpm
What intervention helps improve fetal oxygenation during labor?
Give oxytocin
Encourage pushing
Administer fluid bolus
Restrict oral fluids
What is the priority intervention after an amniotomy to induce labor?
Assess maternal blood pressure
Assess fetal heart rate
Encourage ambulation
Start oxytocin infusion
Which interventions treat abnormal fetal heart rate?
Reposition mother, IV fluids, oxygen, stop oxytocin
Administer oxytocin and encourage pushing
Apply fundal pressure
Start magnesium sulfate infusion
What are common causes of fetal tachycardia?
Maternal fever and dehydration
Maternal hypothermia
Preeclampsia
Fetal hypoglycemia
What is cord prolapse?
Cord wrapping around fetal neck
Cord lies below presenting fetal part, causing risk of hypoxia
Cord fails to deliver with placenta
Cord insertion into placenta
Fetal monitor detects variable decelerations. What should the nurse do?
Call for immediate C-section
Reposition mother to relieve cord compression
Increase oxytocin
Stop maternal pushing
What does VEAL CHOP stand for?
Variability, Early, Acceleration, Late – Cord, Head, OK, Placenta
Variable → Cord compression; Early → Head compression; Accelerations → OK; Late → Placenta problems
Very Early Accelerations Linger – Cord Head OK Placenta
Ventilation Every After Labor – Cord Hemorrhage Oxygen Placenta
Which finding indicates true labor?
Irregular contractions that go away with activity
Pain mild, limited to lower abdomen
Contractions increasing in strength with cervical change
No cervical change
Which fetal heart finding requires immediate intervention during labor?
A) Early decelerations
B) Variable decelerations
C) Accelerations
D) Late deceleration
Q49. Which immunization is considered safe during pregnancy?
A) MMR
B) Varicella
C) Flu vaccine
D) Smallpox
Which are examples of non-pharmacological pain management in labor?
A) Sacral counterpressure, position change, birthing ball, massage
B) Epidural anesthesia only
C) General anesthesia
D) IV narcotics
What is Pitocin used for in labor and delivery?
A) Pain relief
B) Help prevent postpartum hemorrhage and promote contractions
C) Induce respiratory depression
D) Soften the cervix
✅ Correct Answer: B
A) Pain relief
B) Help prevent postpartum hemorrhage and promote contractions
C) Induce respiratory depression
D) Soften the cervix
What are potential complications of Pitocin induction of labor?
A) Placental abruption, uterine rupture, postpartum hemorrhage
B) Maternal fever only
C) Fetal tachycardia
D) Hypertension only
Which intervention would NOT be included for a hypotensive patient in labor?
A) Apply oxygen
B) Administer IV fluids
C) Side-lying position
D) Magnesium sulfate
What maternal positioning helps manage back labor?
A) Supine with legs elevated
B) Reposition on hands and knees or birthing ball, apply sacral pressure
C) Trendelenburg
D) Left side only
Q55. What nursing intervention helps manage dystocia (difficult labor)?
A) Encourage positions that favor fetal rotation and descent
B) Keep patient flat in bed
C) Administer aspirin
D) Apply fundal pressure
Q56. What does effacement mean in labor?
A) Dilating of the cervix
B) Thinning of the cervix
C) Baby’s station relative to ischial
D) Bag of waters rupturing
Q57. What nutrient deficiency might PICA in pregnancy indicate?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin A
C) Low iron
D) Low calcium
